Member State report / Art11 / 2014-2020 / D1-M / Estonia / Baltic Sea
| Report type | Member State report to Commission |
| MSFD Article | Art. 11 Monitoring programmes (and Art. 17 updates) |
| Report due | 2014-10-15; 2020-10-15 |
| GES Descriptor | D1 Mammals |
| Member State | Estonia |
| Region/subregion | Baltic Sea |
| Reported by | Estonian Environment Agency |
| Report date | 2014-09-25; 2020-11-11 |
| Report access |
2014 data
2020 data
| Monitoring programme | Monitoring programme name | MP_D1_4_6_Birds |
MP_D1_4_6_Birds |
MP_D1_4_6_Fish |
MP_D1_4_6_Fish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monitoring programme | Reference existing programme | ||||
| Monitoring programme | Marine Unit ID | ||||
| Q4e - Programme ID | BALLT-D018-3 |
BALLT-D018-3 |
BALLT-D01234-2 |
BALLT-D01234-2 |
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| Q4f - Programme description |
Paukščių monitoringo priekrantės zonoje bei atviros jūros vandenyse dėka vertinama Europos Bendrijos svarbos žiemojančių jūrinių paukščių rūšinė sudėtis, gausumas ir pasiskirstymas. Vertinant tik šalies mastu, indikatorius gali būti įtakojamas ilgalaikio paukščių žiemaviečių persiskirstymo, pvz. dėl klimato kaitos ar buveinių kaitos poveikio, bei sezoninių oro sąlygų įtakos, pvz. ledo dangos šiauriau esančiose jūros akvatorijose. Monitoringas prisideda prie regioninio būklės vertinimo pagal HELCOM pagrindinį (core) rodiklį „abundance of waterbirds in the wintering season“. Taip pat vykdomos perinčių paukščių apskaitos, nors Lietuvoje peri vos kelios rūšys.
Pastaraisiais metais stebimi reikšmingi ir greiti jūrinių paukščių populiacijų neigiami pokyčiai bei žiemavietėse iškylančios naujos grėsmės jūros paukščiams. Planuojamas žiemojančių jūros paukščių monitoringo periodiškumas ir stebima akvatorija leis laiku nustatyti šių paukščių populiacijų pokyčius bei tiksliau vertinti šių pokyčių galimas priežastis ir ryšius su kitais veiksniais.
Naftos produktais susitepusių žuvusių jūrinių paukščių stebėsena leis vertinti jūros užterštumo naftos produktais lygį bei jo įtaką paukščių populiacijoms.
Pagrindiniai trūkumai susiję su žvejybos keliamos grėsmės ir realiai daromos įtakos paukščių populiacijoms vertinimu. Šiuo metu jūros paukščių priegaudos žvejybos įrankiuose stebėsena ir vertinimo metodika vystymo stadijoje.
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Paukščių monitoringo priekrantės zonoje bei atviros jūros vandenyse dėka vertinama Europos Bendrijos svarbos žiemojančių jūrinių paukščių rūšinė sudėtis, gausumas ir pasiskirstymas. Vertinant tik šalies mastu, indikatorius gali būti įtakojamas ilgalaikio paukščių žiemaviečių persiskirstymo, pvz. dėl klimato kaitos ar buveinių kaitos poveikio, bei sezoninių oro sąlygų įtakos, pvz. ledo dangos šiauriau esančiose jūros akvatorijose. Monitoringas prisideda prie regioninio būklės vertinimo pagal HELCOM pagrindinį (core) rodiklį „abundance of waterbirds in the wintering season“. Taip pat vykdomos perinčių paukščių apskaitos, nors Lietuvoje peri vos kelios rūšys.
Pastaraisiais metais stebimi reikšmingi ir greiti jūrinių paukščių populiacijų neigiami pokyčiai bei žiemavietėse iškylančios naujos grėsmės jūros paukščiams. Planuojamas žiemojančių jūros paukščių monitoringo periodiškumas ir stebima akvatorija leis laiku nustatyti šių paukščių populiacijų pokyčius bei tiksliau vertinti šių pokyčių galimas priežastis ir ryšius su kitais veiksniais.
Naftos produktais susitepusių žuvusių jūrinių paukščių stebėsena leis vertinti jūros užterštumo naftos produktais lygį bei jo įtaką paukščių populiacijoms.
Pagrindiniai trūkumai susiję su žvejybos keliamos grėsmės ir realiai daromos įtakos paukščių populiacijoms vertinimu. Šiuo metu jūros paukščių priegaudos žvejybos įrankiuose stebėsena ir vertinimo metodika vystymo stadijoje.
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Siekiama patikimai įvertinti Lietuvos priekrantės žuvų bendrijų būklę ir sudėtį, įvertinant bendrijų rūšinę įvairovę, pagrindinių žuvų rūšių amžinę struktūrą, gausumo ir biomasės populiacinius parametrus, įvertinti atsiradusius pokyčius populiacijose, bendrijose. Rodikliai, kurie skaičiuojami naudojant monitoringo duomenis, poveikiui pakankamai jautrūs, populiacijų būklės pokyčiai pastebimi kelių metų bėgyje. Rodiklio priklausomybė nuo komercinės žvejybos yra pakankamai įrodyta įvairiuose jūros regionuose ir gėluose vandenyse. Žvejybos, kaip vieno pagrindinių veiksnių, veikiančių priekrantės žuvų bendrijas, intensyvumas yra stebimas ir reguliuojamas teisės aktais. Žuvų bendrijų monitoringas atspindi šių žvejybos reguliavimo priemonių efektyvumą.
Siekiant patikimai įvertinti Lietuvos priekrantės žuvų bendrijų būklę ir sudėtį, stebėseną numatyta atlikti kasmet skirtingose akvatorijose Baltijos jūros priekrantėje.
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Siekiama patikimai įvertinti Lietuvos priekrantės žuvų bendrijų būklę ir sudėtį, įvertinant bendrijų rūšinę įvairovę, pagrindinių žuvų rūšių amžinę struktūrą, gausumo ir biomasės populiacinius parametrus, įvertinti atsiradusius pokyčius populiacijose, bendrijose. Rodikliai, kurie skaičiuojami naudojant monitoringo duomenis, poveikiui pakankamai jautrūs, populiacijų būklės pokyčiai pastebimi kelių metų bėgyje. Rodiklio priklausomybė nuo komercinės žvejybos yra pakankamai įrodyta įvairiuose jūros regionuose ir gėluose vandenyse. Žvejybos, kaip vieno pagrindinių veiksnių, veikiančių priekrantės žuvų bendrijas, intensyvumas yra stebimas ir reguliuojamas teisės aktais. Žuvų bendrijų monitoringas atspindi šių žvejybos reguliavimo priemonių efektyvumą.
Siekiant patikimai įvertinti Lietuvos priekrantės žuvų bendrijų būklę ir sudėtį, stebėseną numatyta atlikti kasmet skirtingose akvatorijose Baltijos jūros priekrantėje.
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| Q5e - Natural variability |
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| Q5d - Adequacy for assessment of GES | Q5d - Adequate data | Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
| Q5d - Adequacy for assessment of GES | Q5d - Established methods | Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
| Q5d - Adequacy for assessment of GES | Q5d - Adequate understanding of GES | Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
| Q5d - Adequacy for assessment of GES | Q5d - Adequate capacity | Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
| Q5f - Description of programme for GES assessment |
Monitoringo (apimančio žiemojančių jūros paukščių rūšinės sudėties, gausumo ir pasiskirstymo, apskaitos nuo kranto ir atviroje jūros dalyje) rezultatai bus pakankami jų panaudojimui jūros aplinkos būklei vertinti pagal naudojamą rodiklį – žiemojančių jūrinių paukščių populiacijos gausumas (1.2.1. rodiklis). Žiemojančių jūros paukščių stebėsenos koordinavimas regioniniu (Baltijos jūros) mastu leis įvertinti paukščių pasiskirstymo regione dėsningumus skirtingomis orų sąlygomis ir veikiant skirtingiems natūraliems ir antropogeniniams veiksniams, ko neįmanoma padaryti vykdant stebėseną vienos šalies mastu. Koordinuota regioninių duomenų analizė taip pat įgalins stebėsenos duomenų pagrindu atlikti išsamias analizes atskirų rūšių atsako į įvairius natūralius ir antropogeninius veiksnius.
Programa skirta žiemojančių jūros paukščių populiacijų stebėsenai ir įvairių jas veikiančių veiksnių vertinimui. Jei šio rodiklio GAB nebus pasiekta, išsamūs regiono mastu koordinuoti tyrimai ir duomenų analizė leis identifikuoti pagrindines priežastis, trukdančias pasiekti GAB bei atitinkamai atlikti papildomą analizę ir pasiūlyti reikalingas priemones. Monitoringo programa taip pat rinks informaciją būklei vertinti pagal 1.1.1., 1.1.2. rodiklius ir nustatyti GAB slenkstines vertes, kurių kol kas nėra nustatyta.
Bus atnaujinta žuvusių nafta susitepusių jūros paukščių stebėsena ir įgalins būklės vertinimą pagal rodiklį „Naftos produktais susitepusių jūros paukščių dalis“ (1.3.1. rodiklis).
Tačiau kol kas nenumatyta vykdyti jūros paukščių ir žinduolių priegaudos žvejybos įrankiuose stebėsenos (1.3.1. rodiklis). Todėl tai būtų pagrindinis trūkumas.
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Monitoringo (apimančio žiemojančių jūros paukščių rūšinės sudėties, gausumo ir pasiskirstymo, apskaitos nuo kranto ir atviroje jūros dalyje) rezultatai bus pakankami jų panaudojimui jūros aplinkos būklei vertinti pagal naudojamą rodiklį – žiemojančių jūrinių paukščių populiacijos gausumas (1.2.1. rodiklis). Žiemojančių jūros paukščių stebėsenos koordinavimas regioniniu (Baltijos jūros) mastu leis įvertinti paukščių pasiskirstymo regione dėsningumus skirtingomis orų sąlygomis ir veikiant skirtingiems natūraliems ir antropogeniniams veiksniams, ko neįmanoma padaryti vykdant stebėseną vienos šalies mastu. Koordinuota regioninių duomenų analizė taip pat įgalins stebėsenos duomenų pagrindu atlikti išsamias analizes atskirų rūšių atsako į įvairius natūralius ir antropogeninius veiksnius.
Programa skirta žiemojančių jūros paukščių populiacijų stebėsenai ir įvairių jas veikiančių veiksnių vertinimui. Jei šio rodiklio GAB nebus pasiekta, išsamūs regiono mastu koordinuoti tyrimai ir duomenų analizė leis identifikuoti pagrindines priežastis, trukdančias pasiekti GAB bei atitinkamai atlikti papildomą analizę ir pasiūlyti reikalingas priemones. Monitoringo programa taip pat rinks informaciją būklei vertinti pagal 1.1.1., 1.1.2. rodiklius ir nustatyti GAB slenkstines vertes, kurių kol kas nėra nustatyta.
Bus atnaujinta žuvusių nafta susitepusių jūros paukščių stebėsena ir įgalins būklės vertinimą pagal rodiklį „Naftos produktais susitepusių jūros paukščių dalis“ (1.3.1. rodiklis).
Tačiau kol kas nenumatyta vykdyti jūros paukščių ir žinduolių priegaudos žvejybos įrankiuose stebėsenos (1.3.1. rodiklis). Todėl tai būtų pagrindinis trūkumas.
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Baltijos jūros priekrantės žuvų bendrijos būklė vertinama remiantis HELCOM rekomendacijomis, naudojant 4 pagrindinius žuvų bendrijų būklę atspindinčius rodiklius –bendrijos įvairovės indeksą (Shannon indeksas) (1.6.1. rodiklis), bendrijos dydžio indeksą (didelių žuvų gausumas) (1.7.1. rodiklis), bendrijos gausumo indeksą (plėšrių žuvų gausumas) ir bendrijos trofinį indeksą (4.2.1. rodikliai). Šių rodiklių skaičiavimo ir duomenų rinkimo metodinės rekomendacijos yra parengtos HELCOM ekspertų. Skaičiavimui duomenys yra surenkami vykdant monitoringo programą.
Eilę metų vykdomi standartizuoti tyrimai leidžia įvertinti natūralią kaitą ir nustatyti (ekspertiškai) antropogenionio poveikio mastą (rodiklių bei būklės kaita priklausomai nuo žinomų veiksnių intensyvumo).
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Baltijos jūros priekrantės žuvų bendrijos būklė vertinama remiantis HELCOM rekomendacijomis, naudojant 4 pagrindinius žuvų bendrijų būklę atspindinčius rodiklius –bendrijos įvairovės indeksą (Shannon indeksas) (1.6.1. rodiklis), bendrijos dydžio indeksą (didelių žuvų gausumas) (1.7.1. rodiklis), bendrijos gausumo indeksą (plėšrių žuvų gausumas) ir bendrijos trofinį indeksą (4.2.1. rodikliai). Šių rodiklių skaičiavimo ir duomenų rinkimo metodinės rekomendacijos yra parengtos HELCOM ekspertų. Skaičiavimui duomenys yra surenkami vykdant monitoringo programą.
Eilę metų vykdomi standartizuoti tyrimai leidžia įvertinti natūralią kaitą ir nustatyti (ekspertiškai) antropogenionio poveikio mastą (rodiklių bei būklės kaita priklausomai nuo žinomų veiksnių intensyvumo).
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| Q5g - Gap-filling date for GES assessment | After2020 |
After2020 |
By2018 |
By2018 |
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| Q5h - Plans to implement monitoring for GES assessment |
Nuo 2016 metų planuojama sudažninti žiemojančių paukščių monitoringą (vykdyti kas du metus) ir išplėsti tyrimų rajoną, įtraukiant stebėjimus teritorinėje jūroje/IEZ. Taip pat paukščių stebėsenos koordinavimas, o taip pat duomenų analizė vykdoma ir regioniniu mastu. Lietuvos ekspertai dalyvauja tarptautinėse (regioninėse, Baltijos jūros) darbo grupėse, kuriose vykdoma duomenų analizė, rengiamos/tobulinamos vertinimo metodikos/rodikliai/GAB, identifikuojamos pagrindinės priežastys, trukdančios pasiekti GAB bei siūlomos reikalingos priemonės. Taip pat nuo 2016 metų planuojama atnaujinti nafta susitepusių žuvusių jūros paukščių stebėsena Lietuvos pakrantės zonoje.
Šiuo metu jūros paukščių ir žinduolių priegaudos žvejybos įrankiuose rodiklis dar nėra parengtas. Duomenų rinkimo metodika kol kas nėra aiški nei nacionaliniu, nei regioniniu mastu. Kol kas regiono mastu testuojamos įvairios duomenų surinkimo metodikos, pritaikytos įvairiai žvejybos specifikai (laivų tipui, naudojamiems įrankiams ir pan.). Lietuvoje 2016-2018 metais planuojama atlikti studiją dėl priegaudos fiksavimo video registratorių pagalba. 2018 metais planuojama pasirengti vertinimo metodiką, 2020 metais - stebėsenos metodiką, o nuo 2021– pradėti stebėseną.
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Nuo 2016 metų planuojama sudažninti žiemojančių paukščių monitoringą (vykdyti kas du metus) ir išplėsti tyrimų rajoną, įtraukiant stebėjimus teritorinėje jūroje/IEZ. Taip pat paukščių stebėsenos koordinavimas, o taip pat duomenų analizė vykdoma ir regioniniu mastu. Lietuvos ekspertai dalyvauja tarptautinėse (regioninėse, Baltijos jūros) darbo grupėse, kuriose vykdoma duomenų analizė, rengiamos/tobulinamos vertinimo metodikos/rodikliai/GAB, identifikuojamos pagrindinės priežastys, trukdančios pasiekti GAB bei siūlomos reikalingos priemonės. Taip pat nuo 2016 metų planuojama atnaujinti nafta susitepusių žuvusių jūros paukščių stebėsena Lietuvos pakrantės zonoje.
Šiuo metu jūros paukščių ir žinduolių priegaudos žvejybos įrankiuose rodiklis dar nėra parengtas. Duomenų rinkimo metodika kol kas nėra aiški nei nacionaliniu, nei regioniniu mastu. Kol kas regiono mastu testuojamos įvairios duomenų surinkimo metodikos, pritaikytos įvairiai žvejybos specifikai (laivų tipui, naudojamiems įrankiams ir pan.). Lietuvoje 2016-2018 metais planuojama atlikti studiją dėl priegaudos fiksavimo video registratorių pagalba. 2018 metais planuojama pasirengti vertinimo metodiką, 2020 metais - stebėsenos metodiką, o nuo 2021– pradėti stebėseną.
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Monitoringą numatoma vykdyti kasmet, vietoj 1 karto kas 3 metus. Suplanuotos tyrimo vietos pakankamai apims vertinamos akvatorijos gamtinių sąlygų įvairovę bei galimą žmogaus veiklos poveikį. Lietuvos ekspertai dalyvauja regioninėje (Baltijos) darbo grupėje (HELCOM FISH-PRO II), kurioje yra rengiami žuvų bendrijų būklės rodikliai, vykdoma duomenų analizė regiono mastu bei nustatomi trūkumai. Esant reikalui numatoma svarstyti trūkumus ir galimus sprendimo būdus.
Daugiau informacijos pdf ataskaitoje 16-20 psl.
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Monitoringą numatoma vykdyti kasmet, vietoj 1 karto kas 3 metus. Suplanuotos tyrimo vietos pakankamai apims vertinamos akvatorijos gamtinių sąlygų įvairovę bei galimą žmogaus veiklos poveikį. Lietuvos ekspertai dalyvauja regioninėje (Baltijos) darbo grupėje (HELCOM FISH-PRO II), kurioje yra rengiami žuvų bendrijų būklės rodikliai, vykdoma duomenų analizė regiono mastu bei nustatomi trūkumai. Esant reikalui numatoma svarstyti trūkumus ir galimus sprendimo būdus.
Daugiau informacijos pdf ataskaitoje 16-20 psl.
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| Q6a -Relevant targets | Q6a - Environmental target | 4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
| Q6a -Relevant targets | Q6a - Associated indicator | 1.2.1 a 1.2.1 b 1.2.1 c 1.2.1 d 1.2.1 e 1.2.1 f 1.2.1 g 1.3.1 a |
1.2.1 a 1.2.1 b 1.2.1 c 1.2.1 d 1.2.1 e 1.2.1 f 1.2.1 g 1.3.1 a |
1.6.1 1.7.1 4.2.1 a 4.2.1 b 4.3.1 a 4.3.1 b 4.3.1 c 4.3.1 d 4.3.1 e 4.3.1 f |
1.6.1 1.7.1 4.2.1 a 4.2.1 b 4.3.1 a 4.3.1 b 4.3.1 c 4.3.1 d 4.3.1 e 4.3.1 f |
| Q6b - Adequacy for assessment of targets | Q6b_SuitableData | Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
| Q6b - Adequacy for assessment of targets | Q6b_EstablishedMethods | Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
| Q6b - Adequacy for assessment of targets | Q6d_AdequateCapacity | Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
| Q6c - Target updating | Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
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| Q6d - Description of programme for targets assessment |
2015 metais bus atnaujinti tikslai ir susiję pažangos vertinimo rodikliai, tuomet bus galima pakartotinai vertinti monitoringo rezultatų panaudojimą/programos adekvatumą.
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2015 metais bus atnaujinti tikslai ir susiję pažangos vertinimo rodikliai, tuomet bus galima pakartotinai vertinti monitoringo rezultatų panaudojimą/programos adekvatumą.
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Kasmet vertinama būklė naudojant monitoringo duomenis pagal geros aplinkos būklės rodiklius.
2015 metais numatoma patikslinti tikslus ir susijusius rodiklius. Tuomet bus vertinamas monitoringo pakankamumas ir adekvatumas vertinant tikslų pažangą.
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Kasmet vertinama būklė naudojant monitoringo duomenis pagal geros aplinkos būklės rodiklius.
2015 metais numatoma patikslinti tikslus ir susijusius rodiklius. Tuomet bus vertinamas monitoringo pakankamumas ir adekvatumas vertinant tikslų pažangą.
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| Q6e - Gap-filling date for targets assessment | After2020 |
After2020 |
By2018 |
By2018 |
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| Q6f - Plans to implement monitoring for targets assessment |
See 5h answer
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See 5h answer
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See 5h answer.
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See 5h answer.
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| Q7a - Relevant activities |
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| Q7b - Description of monitoring of activities |
Siūloma žiemojančių jūros paukščių stebėsenos erdvinė apimtis, stebimų paukščių funkcinė ir rūšinė įvairovė bei stebėsenos periodiškumas leis laiku įvertinti pagrindines grėsmes ir poveikius, identifikuoti tokių poveikių mechanizmą ir laiku pasiūlyti atitinkamas poveikį švelninančias priemones, tuo pačiu užtikrinti GAB išlaikymą.
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Siūloma žiemojančių jūros paukščių stebėsenos erdvinė apimtis, stebimų paukščių funkcinė ir rūšinė įvairovė bei stebėsenos periodiškumas leis laiku įvertinti pagrindines grėsmes ir poveikius, identifikuoti tokių poveikių mechanizmą ir laiku pasiūlyti atitinkamas poveikį švelninančias priemones, tuo pačiu užtikrinti GAB išlaikymą.
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Tyrimų vietų išdėstymas pakankamai apims vertinamos akvatorijos gamtinių sąlygų įvairovę bei galimą žmogaus veiklos poveikį.
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Tyrimų vietų išdėstymas pakankamai apims vertinamos akvatorijos gamtinių sąlygų įvairovę bei galimą žmogaus veiklos poveikį.
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| Q7c - Relevant measures | |||||
| Q7e - Adequacy for assessment of measures | Q7d - Adequate data | Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
| Q7e - Adequacy for assessment of measures | Q7d - Established methods | Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
| Q7e - Adequacy for assessment of measures | Q7d - Adequate understanding of GES | Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
| Q7e - Adequacy for assessment of measures | Q7d - Adequate capacity | Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
| Q7e - Adequacy for assessment of measures | Q7d - Addresses activities and pressures | Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
| Q7e - Adequacy for assessment of measures | Q7d - Addresses effectiveness of measures | N |
N |
Y |
Y |
| Q7d - Description of monitoring for measures |
Priemonių programa rengiama. Numatyta prioretizuoti poveikius ir pavojus, kuriems būtinos priemonės. Atsižvelgiant į siūlomas priemones numatyta patikslinti tikslus ir susijusius rodiklius bei įvertinti kokią įtaką turės (atskirai kiekvienos priemonės ir integruotas poveikis) priemonės. Atitinkamai bus vertinamas monitoringo programos pakankamumas. Taip pat regiono mastu yra planuojamos bendros visam regionui priemonės. Pasiūlytos priemonės bus svarstomos ir esant reikalui planuojamos įgyvendinti.
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Priemonių programa rengiama. Numatyta prioretizuoti poveikius ir pavojus, kuriems būtinos priemonės. Atsižvelgiant į siūlomas priemones numatyta patikslinti tikslus ir susijusius rodiklius bei įvertinti kokią įtaką turės (atskirai kiekvienos priemonės ir integruotas poveikis) priemonės. Atitinkamai bus vertinamas monitoringo programos pakankamumas. Taip pat regiono mastu yra planuojamos bendros visam regionui priemonės. Pasiūlytos priemonės bus svarstomos ir esant reikalui planuojamos įgyvendinti.
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| Q7f - Gap-filling date for activities and measures | After2020 |
After2020 |
By2018 |
By2018 |
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| Q8a - Links to existing Monitoring Programmes |
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| Reference sub-programme | Sub-programme ID | ||||
| Reference sub-programme | Sub-programme name | Mobile species - abundance and/or biomass |
Mobile species - mortality/injury rates from fisheries (targeted and/or incidental) |
Mobile species - abundance and/or biomass |
Mobile species - population characteristics |
| Q4g - Sub-programmes | Sub-programme ID | ||||
| Q4g - Sub-programmes | Sub-programme name | Mobile species - abundance and/or biomass |
Mobile species - mortality/injury rates from fisheries (targeted and/or incidental) |
Mobile species - abundance and/or biomass |
Mobile species - population characteristics |
| Q4k - Monitoring purpose | |||||
| Q4l - Links of monitoring programmes of other Directives and Conventions | |||||
| Q5c - Features | Q5c - Habitats |
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| Q5c - Features | Q5c - Species list |
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| Q5c - Features | Q5c - Physical/Chemical features |
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| Q5c - Features | Q5c - Pressures |
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| Q9a - Elements | |||||
| Q5a - GES criteria | Relevant GES criteria |
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| Q5b - GES indicators | Relevant GES indicators |
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| Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) | Species distribution | ||||
| Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) | Species population size | ||||
| Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) | Species population characteristics | ||||
| Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) | Species impacts | ||||
| Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) | Habitat distribution | ||||
| Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) | Habitat extent | ||||
| Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) | Habitat condition (physical-chemical) | ||||
| Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) | Habitat condition (biological) | ||||
| Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) | Habitat impacts | ||||
| Q9b - Parameters monitored (pressures) | Pressure input | ||||
| Q9b - Parameters monitored (pressures) | Pressure output | ||||
| Q9b - Parameters monitored (activity) | Activity | ||||
| Q9b Parameters monitored (other) | Other | ||||
| Q41 Spatial scope | |||||
| Q4j - Description of spatial scope | |||||
| Marine Unit IDs |
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| Q4h - Temporal scope | Start date- End date | - |
- |
- |
- |
| Q9h - Temporal resolution of sampling | |||||
| Q9c - Monitoring method | |||||
| Q9d - Description of alteration to method | |||||
| Q9e - Quality assurance | |||||
| Q9f - Quality control | |||||
| Q9g - Spatial resolution of sampling | Q9g - Proportion of area covered % | ||||
| Q9g - Spatial resolution of sampling | Q9g - No. of samples | ||||
| Q9i - Description of sample representivity | |||||
| Q10a - Scale for aggregation of data | |||||
| Q10b - Other scale for aggregation of data | |||||
| Q10c - Access to monitoring data | Q10c - Data type | ||||
| Q10c - Access to monitoring data | Q10c - Data access mechanism | ||||
| Q10c - Access to monitoring data | Q10c - Data access rights | ||||
| Q10c - Access to monitoring data | Q10c - INSPIRE standard | ||||
| Q10c - Access to monitoring data | Q10c Date data are available | ||||
| Q10c - Access to monitoring data | Q10c - Data update frequency | ||||
| Q10d - Description of data access | |||||
Descriptor |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
D1.2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Monitoring strategy description |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
The aim of the strategy "SD1.2 – Biological diversity – marine mammals" is to monitor abundance, distribution and population trends of grey seals and ringed seals, as well as grey seal’s breeding success. The strategy is divided into two programmes, one for monitoring of seal abundance and distribution, and the other, for monitoring of the breeding success of grey seals. Data are gathered to assess directly the population status and trends of seal populations, indirectly the impact of pressure levels in the marine environment. The status assessment is made for the whole Estonian marine area for grey seals as a part of the Baltic Sea assessment unit and for ringed seals as a part of the southern assessment unit, covering the Gulf of Riga, including Väinameri, and the Gulf of Finland. The monitoring programmes are regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. |
Coverage of GES criteria |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Gaps and plans |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
One of the shortcomings of the monitoring is the insufficiency of the monitoring system and gathering information on occurred seals by-catches and entangled or trapped within fishing gears. This could give a comprehensive and reliable overview of the incidental by-catch mortality. Project-based monitoring is mostly held nowadays. Since human activity pressure has a large extend on the status of the seals' population, the improvement of such a data collection system should be done.
The protected areas monitoring programme needs to be developed and include birds, mammals, fish, benthos, and habitats, as well as pelagic communities' components.
In addition to seals, the harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) also live in the Baltic Sea, but they have occurred in the Estonian sea only as occasional visitors. As the Estonian sea area is not a distribution area for porpoises, there is no regular monitoring of harbour porpoises established and no measures or targets are applied under the Marine Strategy and their status was not assessed. The possibility of participation in relevant international (especially HELCOM) porpoise studies or projects is under the consideration though.
There are also some issues considering chiropterans (their flight areas and corridors) arisen during the marine spatial planning process, including wind farms development plans. However bats are not directly regulated under the marine strategy, there are plans to discuss and work out an appropriate regional bat monitoring programme in cooperation with HELCOM Contracting Parties and experts. |
Related targets |
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Coverage of targets |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
Related measures |
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Coverage of measures |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Adequate monitoring will be in place by 2024 |
Related monitoring programmes |
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Programme code |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities |
BALEE-D0104-5_SealsAbundance |
BALEE-D0104-6_SealsReproduction |
BALEE-D07-27_Ice |
Programme name |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Marine and coastal activities |
Seals – abundance |
Seals – breeding success |
Ice cover |
Update type |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
Same programme as in 2014 |
Same programme as in 2014 |
Same programme as in 2014 |
Old programme codes |
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Programme description |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism).
The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed. |
The aim of the programme is to monitor the abundance of grey and ringed seals at the haulouts on land or ice, in order to produce estimates of abundance and abundance trends as well as the distributions and distribution trends of these species during their moulting and pupping seasons. It provides data for the status assessments under GES criteria D1C2 (population abundance) and D1C4 (distributional range and pattern). Monitoring is conducted yearly at the designated sites. The program is regionally coordinated by HELCOM and the HELCOM monitoring guidelines are followed. Data are yearly reported to the national environmental monitoring database KESE (by 1 November), but for ringed seals, data are publicly available only in a generalised form due to protection requirements.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Mobile species – distribution, abundance and/or biomass; Mobile species – population characteristics. |
The aim of the programme is to monitor the breeding success of grey seals. Visual counting of pups (including dead specimen) is conducted on their breeding sites on land (islands) several times during the breeding period from 15 February to 31 March every year. The number of pups and their death rate is estimated. Monitoring provides data for the status assessments under the GES criterion D1C2 (population abundance) and D1C4 (distributional range and pattern). The program data collection is regionally coordinated by HELCOM. Data are yearly reported to the national environmental monitoring database KESE (by 1 November).
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Mobile species – distribution, abundance and/or biomass; Mobile species – health status; Mobile species – population characteristics. |
The aim of the programme is to monitor characteristics of the ice cover. Data are collected by visual observations and remote sensing. Both, coastal water bodies and off-shore sub-basins of the Baltic Sea (HELCOM sub-divisions) are monitored. Monitoring is conducted continuously during winter. The program is regionally coordinated (joint data collection) via Baltic Sea Ice Services and a common product is produced. The data are delivered daily.
The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Ice cover. |
Monitoring purpose |
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Other policies and conventions |
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Regional cooperation - coordinating body |
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Regional cooperation - countries involved |
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Regional cooperation - implementation level |
Coordinated data collection |
Coordinated data collection |
Joint data collection |
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Monitoring details |
The counting is performed using aerial observations. All monitoring areas are inspected 2-3 times.
The moulting period counting of seals takes place during regionally agreed period from 23 May to 5 June. The aerial counting of ringed seals takes place between 12 and 25 April. The early spring flight surveys can be conducted in cold winters and ice cover occurrence, otherwise visual observations from boat or seashore are done (warmer winters with no ice cover). |
Grey seal pups are surveyed during land visits to breeding sites, 4 times during the breeding period (15 February - 31 March). The monitoring is conducted in accordance with HELCOM recommendations (HELCOM, 2018. Guidelines for monitoring Seal abundance and distribution in the HELCOM area). The detailed methodology is described by Jüssi and Jüssi in 2008 (Hüljeste aruanne, https://seire.keskkonnainfo.ee/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1161:2008-a&catid=1029:eluslooduse-mitmekesisuse-ja-maastike-seire&Itemid=3877). |
Ice monitoring is carried out as a part of national meteorological and hydrological monitoring (Estonian Environment Agency). Ice maps are produced in cooperation with Baltic Sea countries. TalTech Marine Systems Institute performs remote monitoring of ice on a project basis in cooperation with other Baltic Sea countries. |
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Features |
Aquaculture – marine, including infrastructure
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Fish and shellfish harvesting (professional, recreational)
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Hunting and collecting for other purposes
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Marine plant harvesting
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Extraction of minerals (rock, metal ores, gravel, sand, shell)
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Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure
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Extraction of water
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Military operations (subject to Article 2(2))
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Transmission of electricity and communications (cables)
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Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure
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Research, survey and educational activities
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Coastal defence and flood protection
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Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables)
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Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials
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Tourism and leisure activities
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Tourism and leisure infrastructure
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Transport infrastructure
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Transport – shipping
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Waste treatment and disposal
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Input of other substances (e.g. synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition, acute events
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Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter)
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Input of nutrients – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition
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Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous)
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Seals
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Seals
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Physical and hydrological characteristics
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Aquaculture – marine, including infrastructure
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Fish and shellfish harvesting (professional, recreational)
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Hunting and collecting for other purposes
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Marine plant harvesting
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Extraction of minerals (rock, metal ores, gravel, sand, shell)
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Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure
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Extraction of water
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Military operations (subject to Article 2(2))
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Transmission of electricity and communications (cables)
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Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure
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Research, survey and educational activities
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Coastal defence and flood protection
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Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables)
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Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials
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Tourism and leisure activities
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Tourism and leisure infrastructure
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Transport infrastructure
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Transport – shipping
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Waste treatment and disposal
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Input of other substances (e.g. synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition, acute events
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Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter)
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Input of nutrients – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition
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Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous)
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Seals
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Seals
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Physical and hydrological characteristics
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Aquaculture – marine, including infrastructure
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Fish and shellfish harvesting (professional, recreational)
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Hunting and collecting for other purposes
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Marine plant harvesting
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Extraction of minerals (rock, metal ores, gravel, sand, shell)
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Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure
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Extraction of water
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Military operations (subject to Article 2(2))
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Transmission of electricity and communications (cables)
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Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure
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Research, survey and educational activities
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Coastal defence and flood protection
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Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables)
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Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials
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Tourism and leisure activities
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Tourism and leisure infrastructure
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Transport infrastructure
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Transport – shipping
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Waste treatment and disposal
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Input of other substances (e.g. synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition, acute events
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Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter)
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Input of nutrients – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition
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Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous)
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Seals
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Seals
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Physical and hydrological characteristics
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Aquaculture – marine, including infrastructure
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Fish and shellfish harvesting (professional, recreational)
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Hunting and collecting for other purposes
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Marine plant harvesting
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Extraction of minerals (rock, metal ores, gravel, sand, shell)
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Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure
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Extraction of water
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Military operations (subject to Article 2(2))
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Transmission of electricity and communications (cables)
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Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure
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Research, survey and educational activities
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Coastal defence and flood protection
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Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables)
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Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials
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Tourism and leisure activities
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Tourism and leisure infrastructure
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Transport infrastructure
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Transport – shipping
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Waste treatment and disposal
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Input of other substances (e.g. synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition, acute events
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Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter)
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Input of nutrients – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition
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Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous)
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Seals
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Seals
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Physical and hydrological characteristics
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Elements |
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GES criteria |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
NotRelevan |
D1C2 |
D1C3 |
NotRelevan |
Parameters |
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Parameter Other |
Production (tonnes); Area; Nutrient load |
Catch; By-catch |
Number of individuals hunted by species (waterbird |
Amount (kg); Area |
Mining volume; Mining area; Area pressure index |
Pipe length (area); Area pressure index |
Volume |
Number of explosions; Number of trainings; Trainin |
Cable length (area); Area pressure index |
Area; Area pressure index |
Volume of costs on marine researches; Number of re |
Length of defence structure; Coastline pressure in |
Area of structure; Area pressure index |
Soil volume; Extent; Area pressure index |
Number of vacationists; Number of visits; People's |
Number of marinas per coastline; Length of beach |
Area; Volume (goods and passengers); Number of loa |
Number of ships (incl. number of ships complying w |
Areas of dumping sites and volume of dumped materi |
Pollution load (tonnes/year) - Hg, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, |
Amount in sediments; Litter type and material |
Pollution load (tonnes/year) - N, P, BHT5 |
Number of disturbance days - Impulsive underwater |
Extent; Thickness; Concentration; Ice type |
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Spatial scope |
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Marine reporting units |
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Temporal scope (start date - end date) |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
2015-9999 |
1994-9999 |
1990-9999 |
2007-9999 |
Monitoring frequency |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Other |
Yearly |
Yearly |
Continually |
Monitoring type |
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Monitoring method |
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Monitoring method other |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan.
The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period. |
The detailed methodology is described by Jüssi and Jüssi in 2008 (Hüljeste aruanne, https://seire.keskkonnainfo.ee/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1161:2008-a&catid=1029:eluslooduse-mitmekesisuse-ja-maastike-seire&Itemid=3877). |
The main characteristics of ice cover are measured using satellite observations or/and in combination - satellite images and visual observations. |
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Quality control |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources. |
Regional, HELCOM expert group MAMA.
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Regional, HELCOM expert group MAMA.
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WMO and CMEMS quality assurance system (Cal/Val).
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Data management |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment. |
Data collected during the monitoring are submitted to the national environmental monitoring database KESE. The data concerning ringed seals are publicly available only in a generalised form. |
Data collected during the monitoring are submitted to the national environmental monitoring database KESE. |
The data are stored at Estonian Environment Agency, TalTech Marine Systems Institute (http://sahm.ttu.ee/balticseapic/index.php?do=ice) and Baltic Sea Ice Services (http://www.bsis-ice.de/). |
Data access |
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Related indicator/name |
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Contact |
Estonian Environment Agency: Piret Kiristaja: piret.kiristaja@envir.ee, Anastasiia Kovtun-Kante: anastasiia.kovtun-Kante@envir.ee; Arthur Kivi: arthur.kivi@envir.ee. |
Estonian Environment Agency: Piret Kiristaja: piret.kiristaja@envir.ee, Anastasiia Kovtun-Kante: anastasiia.kovtun-Kante@envir.ee; Arthur Kivi: arthur.kivi@envir.ee. |
Estonian Environment Agency: Anastasiia Kovtun-Kante, anastasiia.kovtun-kante@envir.ee; Arthur Kivi, arthur.kivi@envir.ee |
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References |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian). |