Achieve or maintain values and characteristics defined as GES for all descriptors of GES in North Atlantic region.

Achieve or maintain the values and characteristics defined as GES for all descriptors of GES in South Atlantic region

Improving knowledge on the seabed, including physical and biological characteristics * Proportion of the assessment area studied. * Proportion of coastal habitats studied. * Proportion of deep habitats studied. OBJECTIVES 2012: C.3.2, C.3.3, C.3.4.

Improve knowledge of the seabed, including physical and biological characteristics. * Proportion of the assessment area studied. * Proportion of coastal habitats studied. * Proportion of deep habitats studied. OBJECTIVES 2012: C.3.2, C.3.3, C.3.4.

Reduce the intensity and area of ​​influence of significant anthropogenic pressures on benthic habitats, with special attention to biogenic and / or protected habitats that represent biodiversity hotspots and are key to ensuring the services and functions of the marine environment: maërl beds, communities of Laminaria, communities of cold-water corals, communities dominated by Pennatulaceans, aggregations of deep and circalittoral sponges and coral gardens. In particular, avoid bottom-gear fishing on the most sensitive habitats, such as seamounts, coralline and maërl communities and cold-water corals; avoid or reduce the construction of infrastructures that may affect sensitive habitats; avoid / reduce the direct and indirect effects of dredging on vulnerable benthic habitats; and avoid the adverse effects of the exploitation of non-renewable marine resources on biogenic and / or protected habitats. In the second cycle, this objective has been modified to: C.N.1. Reduce the intensity and area of ​​influence of significant anthropogenic pressures on benthic habitats, with special attention to protected and / or natural interest habitats. This modified objective will be reported as new, since the code and indicators have changed.

Reduce the intensity and area of ​​influence of significant anthropogenic pressures on benthic habitats, with special attention to biogenic and / or protected habitats that represent biodiversity hotspots and are key to ensuring the services and functions of the marine environment: phanerogam meadows, maërl beds, cold-water coral communities, underwater structures produced by gas escapes, pennatulacean-dominated communities, aggregations of deep and circalittoral sponges and coral gardens. In particular, avoid fishing with bottom gear and gear on the most sensitive habitats, such as underwater structures produced by gas escapes, coralline and maërl communities and cold-water corals; avoid or reduce the construction of infrastructures that may affect sensitive habitats; avoid / reduce the direct and indirect effects of dredging on vulnerable benthic habitats; and avoid the adverse effects of the exploitation of non-renewable marine resources on biogenic and / or protected habitats. In the second cycle, this objective has been modified to: C.S.1. Reduce the intensity and area of ​​influence of significant anthropogenic pressures on benthic habitats, with special attention to protected and / or natural interest habitats. This modified objective will be reported as new, since the code and indicators have changed.

To minimise the potential for introduction or secondary expansion of non-indigenous species, directly taking into account the anthropogenic pathways and vectors of translocation (avoid leakages in aquaculture or aquarium installations, avoid transport and release into the medium of species associated with those cultivated outside their natural range, ballast water control, control of live bait, sediment discharge control, anchoring or cleaning of helmets). In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.N..2. To minimise the potential for introduction or secondary expansion of non-native species, directly taking into account the anthropogenic pathways and vectors of translocation This modified objective will be produced as a new objective, as the code and indicators have changed.

To minimise the potential for introduction or secondary expansion of non-indigenous species, directly taking into account the anthropogenic pathways and vectors of translocation (avoid leakages in aquaculture or aquarium installations, avoid transport and release into the medium of species associated with those cultivated outside their natural range, ballast water control, control of live bait, sediment discharge control, anchoring or cleaning of helmets). In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.S.2. To minimise the potential for introduction or secondary expansion of non-native species, directly taking into account the anthropogenic pathways and vectors of translocation This modified objective will be produced as a new objective, as the code and indicators have changed.

In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.N.9. Manage processes for invasions of alien species in an integrated manner, especially those identified in the initial evaluation of D2 in the DMNOR, including the development of early detection networks and their coordination at national level. This modified objective will be produced as a new objective, as the code and indicators have changed.

In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.S.9. Manage processes for invasions of alien species in an integrated manner, especially those identified in the initial evaluation of D2 in DMSUD, including the development of early detection networks and their coordination at national level. This modified objective will be produced as a new objective, as the code and indicators have changed.

Reduce the main causes of mortality and decrease of the populations of non-commercial species groups at the top of the trophic chain (marine mammals, reptiles, seabirds, pelagic and demersal species), such as accidental catches, collisions with boats, ingestion of marine litter, land predators, pollution, destruction of habitats and overfishing. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.S.3.Reduce the main causes of mortality and decrease populations of non-commercial species groups at the top of the trophic chain (marine mammals, reptiles, seabirds, pelagic and demersal industries) This modified objective will be produced as a new objective, as the code and indicators have changed.

Reduce the main causes of mortality and decrease of the populations of non-commercial species groups at the top of the trophic chain (marine mammals, reptiles, seabirds, pelagic and demersal species), such as accidental catches, collisions with boats, ingestion of marine litter, land predators, pollution, destruction of habitats and overfishing. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.N..3. To reduce the main causes of mortality and decrease in the populations of non-commercial species groups at the top of the food chain (marine mammals, reptiles, seabirds, pelagic and demersal industries) This modified objective will be produced as a new objective, as the code and indicators have changed.

Reduce the main causes of mortality and decrease of the populations of non-commercial species groups at the top of the trophic chain (marine mammals, reptiles, seabirds, pelagic and demersal species), such as accidental catches, collisions with boats, ingestion of marine litter, land predators, pollution, destruction of habitats and overfishing. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.N..3. To reduce the main causes of mortality and decrease in the populations of non-commercial species groups at the top of the food chain (marine mammals, reptiles, seabirds, pelagic and demersal industries) This modified objective will be produced as a new objective, as the code and indicators have changed.

Reduce the main causes of mortality and decrease of the populations of non-commercial species groups at the top of the trophic chain (marine mammals, reptiles, seabirds, pelagic and demersal species), such as accidental catches, collisions with boats, ingestion of marine litter, land predators, pollution, destruction of habitats and overfishing. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.S.3.Reduce the main causes of mortality and decrease populations of non-commercial species groups at the top of the trophic chain (marine mammals, reptiles, seabirds, pelagic and demersal industries) This modified objective will be produced as a new objective, as the code and indicators have changed.

Reduce the main causes of mortality and decrease of the populations of non-commercial species groups at the top of the trophic chain (marine mammals, reptiles, seabirds, pelagic and demersal species), such as accidental catches, collisions with boats, ingestion of marine litter, land predators, pollution, destruction of habitats and overfishing. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.N..3. To reduce the main causes of mortality and decrease in the populations of non-commercial species groups at the top of the food chain (marine mammals, reptiles, seabirds, pelagic and demersal industries) This modified objective will be produced as a new objective, as the code and indicators have changed.

Reduce the main causes of mortality and decrease of the populations of non-commercial species groups at the top of the trophic chain (marine mammals, reptiles, seabirds, pelagic and demersal species), such as accidental catches, collisions with boats, ingestion of marine litter, land predators, pollution, destruction of habitats and overfishing. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.S.3.Reduce the main causes of mortality and decrease populations of non-commercial species groups at the top of the trophic chain (marine mammals, reptiles, seabirds, pelagic and demersal industries) This modified objective will be produced as a new objective, as the code and indicators have changed.

To prevent impacts on trophic webs of the cultivation of marine species, with a focus on the cultivation of non-native and rare species. In the second cycle, the objective has been maintained, although changing the code and indicators C.N..5. To prevent impacts on trophic webs of the cultivation of marine species, with a focus on the cultivation of non-native and rare species. This modified objective will be produced as a new objective, given that the code and the code have been changed.

To prevent impacts on trophic webs of the cultivation of marine species, with a focus on the cultivation of non-native and rare species In the second cycle, the objective has been maintained, although changing the code and indicators C.S.5. To prevent impacts on trophic webs of the cultivation of marine species, with a focus on the cultivation of non-native and rare species. This modified objective will be produced as a new objective, given that the code and the code have been changed.

Develop regulation to prevent commercial exploitation and by-catches of elasmobranchs included in the annexes of national legislation, European Directives or applicable international conventions.

Develop regulation to prevent commercial exploitation and by-catches of elasmobranchs included in the annexes of national legislation, European Directives or applicable international conventions.

Establish a national system for the coordination of programmes for the monitoring of incidental catches of seabirds, reptiles and marine mammals, reptiles and mammals and cabbage birds. In the second cycle, this objective has been divided into two: A.N.7. Improve national coordination and standardisation of habitat and species monitoring programmes A.N.8. Improve the coordination of monitoring and response to accidental catches and bereavement events, including the monitoring of the incidental catch of turtles, mammals and seabirds on fishing vessels. Both will be reported as new because they have changed code and indicators

Establish a national system for the coordination of programmes for the monitoring of incidental catches of seabirds, reptiles and marine mammals, reptiles and mammals and cabbage birds. In the second cycle, this objective has been divided into two: A.S.7. Improve national coordination and standardisation of habitat and species monitoring programmes A.S.8. Improve the coordination of monitoring and response to accidental catches and bereavement events, including the monitoring of the incidental catch of turtles, mammals and seabirds on fishing vessels. Both will be reported as new because they have changed code and indicators

Develop habitat restoration initiatives and habitat restoration initiatives where their deterioration would compromise the achievement of good environmental status of biodiversity descriptors. This objective has become part of the new objective of the second cycle: A.N.1. Ensuring the conservation and restoration of marine biodiversity through effective tools and measures. that it will be reported as a new one

Develop habitat restoration initiatives and habitat restoration initiatives where their deterioration would compromise the achievement of good environmental status of biodiversity descriptors. This objective has become part of the new objective of the second cycle: A.S.1. Ensuring the conservation and restoration of marine biodiversity through effective tools and measures that it will be reported as a new one

Ensuring proper surveillance of the marine environment through remote or on-site systems In the second cycle, this target has been amended to: A.N.10. Ensuring regulatory compliance This modified objective will be produced as a new objective, as the code and indicators have changed.

Ensuring proper surveillance of the marine environment through remote or on-site systems In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.S.10. Ensuring regulatory compliance This modified objective will be produced as a new objective, as the code and indicators have changed.

Promote the Network of Marine Protected Areas in Spain in the North-Atlantic basin, adequately protecting the biogenic habitats, protected habitats and other habitats identified in the initial assessment as being of particular interest, including a sufficient proportion of them and applying specific management measures. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.N.2. Achieve a complete, ecologically representative, coherent and well managed network of marine protected areas in the North Atlantic area This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Promote the Network of Marine Protected Areas in Spain in the South Atlantic Basin, adequately protecting the biogenic habitats, protected habitats and other habitats identified in the initial assessment as being of particular interest, including a sufficient proportion of them and applying specific management measures. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.S.2.Achieve a complete, ecologically representative, coherent and well managed network of marine protected areas in the South Atlantic area. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

To complete the Natura 2000 network in the Atlantic river basin by designating the IBAs, the IBAs, the proposal for new Sites of Community Importance and the development and implementation of management plans to ensure the preservation of the values for which these sites are declared. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.N.1. Ensuring the conservation and restoration of marine biodiversity through effective tools and measures. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Completing the Natura 2000 network in the South outer river basin, through the designation of the Important Bird Areas (IBAs) as Special Protection Areas for Birds (SPAs), the proposal for new Sites of Community Importance and the development and implementation of management plans to ensure the preservation of the values for which these sites are declared. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.S.1. Ensuring the conservation and restoration of marine biodiversity through effective tools and measures This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

To keep stable the size distribution of both demersal and demersal species and elasmobranchs and benthic species (according to the threshold size laid down for the North Atlantic demarcation in indicator 4.2.1. of the initial assessment) in the historical series of the scientific resource assessment campaigns, so that no downward trends between evaluation and evaluation are observed.

To keep stable the size distribution of both demersal and demersal species and elasmobranchs and benthic species (according to the threshold established for the South Asian demarcation indicator in indicator 4.2.1. of the initial assessment) in the historical series of the scientific resource assessment campaigns, so that there are no decreasing trends between evaluation and evaluation.

To maintain the CSF (fish conservation status), calculated from the fish resource assessment surveys with fish considered large (according to the threshold size established for the South Asian demarcation indicator in indicator 4.2.1. of the initial assessment) below 1 in the scale of vulnerability of the IUCN (0: Not vulnerable, 1: Vulnerable, 2: Threatened, 3: Threatened with extinction).

Maintain the range of species distribution, so as not to be evidenced by decreases of the range in a number of species statistically unable to be considered as due to natural and climatic variability.

Maintain the range of species distribution, so as not to be evidenced by decreases of the range in a number of species statistically unable to be considered as due to natural and climatic variability.

To maintain positive or stable trends in populations of key species and apical predators (marine mammals, reptiles, seabirds and fish) and for commercially exploited species, to keep them within safe biological limits. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.N.3. Maintain or restore the natural balance of the stocks of key species for the ecosystem. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

To maintain positive or stable trends in populations of key species and apical predators (marine mammals, reptiles, seabirds and fish) and for commercially exploited species, to keep them within safe biological limits. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.S.3. Maintain or restore the natural balance of the stocks of key species for the ecosystem. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

To maintain positive or stable trends in the area of distribution of biogenic habitats and/or protected habitats and unique habitats. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.N.4. To maintain positive or stable trends in the area of distribution of protected habitats or of natural interest and specific habitats. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

To maintain positive or stable trends in the area of distribution of biogenic habitats and/or protected habitats and unique habitats. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.S.4. To maintain positive or stable trends in the range of habitats protected or of natural interest and specific habitats. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Maintain the parameters and trends of state or condition descriptors of benthic communities (and their different facies and associations) within values to ensure their durability and performance, as well as the maintenance of their characteristic species, key and unique species.

Maintain the parameters and trends of state or condition descriptors of benthic communities (and their different facies and associations) within values to ensure their durability and performance, as well as the maintenance of their characteristic species, key and unique species.

Ensure the conservation and recovery of marine biodiversity through effective instruments and measures. - Percentage of marine species/habitats not in GES, or threatened, that are subject to conservation, recovery and restoration plans and/or national strategies. * Percentage of the demarcation included in Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), including the RN2000. * Percentage of the area of habitats of community interest included in RN2000. * Percentage of MPAs with approved management plans and in application. Objectives 2012: A.1.8, A2.2

Ensuring regulatory compliance * Estimation of surveillance in hours * Infringements identified vs sanctions imposed * Human resources available for monitoring and equipment available. OBJECTIVE 2012: A.1.9

Increase awareness of food webs, with a view to developing new indicators to assess and define Good Environmental Status. There are adequate indicators to assess food webs. OBJECTIVE 2012: C. 3.8

Achieve a complete, ecologically representative, coherent and well managed network of marine protected areas in the North Atlantic area. * Approval of the Master Plan for RAMPE. * Percentage of MPAs included in the Spanish network of Marine Protected Areas. OBJECTIVE 2012: A.2.1

Maintain or restore the natural balance of the stocks of key species for the ecosystem. * Trends in populations of species used as evaluation elements, corresponding to various trophic levels. * Indicators used for the assessment of food webs. OBJECTIVE 2012: A.3.4

To maintain positive or stable trends in the area of distribution of protected habitats or of natural interest and specific habitats. * Trends in habitat distribution area. Objective 2012: A3.5

Promoting the consideration of marine species in the regional, national and international asset lists of threatened species, as well as their study * No. of marine species which are listed/delisted on lists and catalogues of threatened species, or change category. * No. of target species. OBJECTIVE 2012: C1.1

Improve international coordination of species monitoring programmes, especially for geographically wide-spread species (e.g. fish, cetaceans and reptiles). * Number of international initiatives and working groups involved. OBJECTIVE 2012: C1.2

Improve national coordination and standardisation of habitat and species monitoring programmes * Existence of common methodologies/guides/protocols. * No of meetings for updating the monitoring programmes. * Common access database for the various monitoring programmes. OBJECTIVE 2012: A.1.7

Improve the coordination of monitoring and response to accidental catches and mortality events, including the monitoring of the incidental catch of turtles, mammals and seabirds on fishing vessels. * Adoption and implementation of coordination systems at national level (protocols, common data collection templates, common methodologies, common database) to address monitoring and response to these events. * Percentage of fleet involved in monitoring incidental catch (logbooks, specific actions...) OBJECTIVE 2012: A1.7

Manage processes for invasions of alien species in an integrated manner, especially those identified in the initial evaluation of D2 in the DMNOR, including the development of early detection networks and their coordination at national level. The area covered by networks of detection and quantification of non-native species. * Existence of action protocols for IAC screening events. * Number of marine species categorised on the list of invasive alien species * Percentage/number of invasive species subject to management measures or actions. * Percentage/number of habitats affected by invasive species which have been subject to management measures or actions OBJECTIVE 2012: A.1.3, C.3.6

Ensuring the conservation and restoration of marine biodiversity through effective tools and measures * Percentage of marine species/habitats not found or threatened, subject to conservation, restoration and restoration plans or national strategies. * Percentage of the demarcation included in Marine Protected Areas (MPA), including RN2000. * Percentage of the area of habitats of Community interest included in RN2000. * Percentage of MPA with approved management plans and implementation. Objectives 2012: A.1.8, A2.2

Ensuring regulatory compliance * Estimation of surveillance in hours * Infringements identified vs sanctions imposed * Human resources available for monitoring and equipment available. OBJECTIVE 2012: A.1.9

Increase awareness of food webs, with a view to developing new indicators to assess and define Good Environmental Status. There are adequate indicators to assess food webs. OBJECTIVE 2012: C. 3.8

Achieve a comprehensive, ecologically representative, coherent and well managed network of marine protected areas in the South Atlantic area. * Approval of the Master Plan for RAMPE. * Percentage of MPAs included in the Spanish network of Marine Protected Areas. OBJECTIVE 2012: A.2.1

Maintain or restore the natural balance of populations of key species for the ecosystem * Trends in populations of the species used as evaluation elements, corresponding to various trophic levels. * Indicators used for the assessment of food webs. OBJECTIVE 2012: A.3.4

To maintain positive or stable trends in the range of habitats protected or of natural interest and specific habitats. * Trends in habitat distribution area. Objective 2012: A3.5

Promoting the consideration of marine species in the regional, national and international asset lists of threatened species, as well as their study * No. of marine species which are listed/delisted on lists and catalogues of threatened species, or change category. * No. of target species. OBJECTIVE 2012: C.1.1

Improve international coordination of species monitoring programmes, especially for geographically wide species (e.g. fish, cetaceans and reptiles). * Number of international initiatives and working groups involved. OBJECTIVE 2012: C1.2

Improve national coordination and standardisation of habitat and species monitoring programmes * Existence of common methodologies/guides/protocols. * No. of meetings for updating the monitoring programmes. * Common access database for the various monitoring programmes. OBJECTIVE 2012: A.1.7

Improve the coordination of monitoring and response to accidental catches and mortality events, including the monitoring of the incidental catch of turtles, mammals and seabirds on fishing vessels. * Adoption and implementation of coordination systems at national level (protocols, common data collection templates, common methodologies, common database) to address monitoring and response to these events. * Percentage of fleet involved in tracking accidental turtles (logbooks, specific actions...) OBJECTIVE 2012: A1.7

Manage processes for invasions of alien species in an integrated manner, especially those identified in the initial evaluation of D2 in DMSUD, including the development of early detection networks and their coordination at national level. The area covered by networks of detection and quantification of non-native species. • Existence of action protocols for IAC screening events. • Number of marine species categorised on the list of invasive alien species • Percentage/number of invasive species subject to management measures or actions • Number of habitats affected by invasive species which have been subject to management measures or actions. OBJECTIVE 2012: A.1.3 C.3.6

Encourage scientific studies, initiatives and projects on the impacts of the introduction of substances, litter and energy in the marine environment to address the knowledge gaps identified in the Initial Assessment and in the successive phases of Marine Strategies. * Awareness building on impacts arising from the introduction of substances, litter and energy in the marine environment, which are addressed by scientific studies and projects. OBJECTIVES 2012: B.3.1, B.3.2, B.3.3, B.3.4.

Integrate into decision-making and management of the marine environment results and knowledge acquired through studies, initiatives and scientific projects on the impacts of the introduction of substances, litter and energy in the marine environment. * Criteria for evaluating and monitoring the results of scientific projects/studies. * Objectives and management measures for which the design has taken into account the results of scientific projects/studies.

Encourage scientific studies, initiatives and projects on the impacts of the introduction of substances, litter and energy in the marine environment to address the knowledge gaps identified in the Initial Assessment and in the successive phases of Marine Strategies. * Awareness building on impacts arising from the introduction of substances, litter and energy in the marine environment, which are addressed by scientific studies and projects. OBJECTIVES 2012: B.3.1, B.3.2, B.3.3, B.3.4.

Integrate into decision-making and management of the marine environment results and knowledge acquired through studies, initiatives and scientific projects on the impacts of the introduction of substances, litter and energy in the marine environment. * Criteria for evaluating and monitoring the results of scientific projects/studies. * Objectives and management measures for which the design has taken into account the results of scientific projects/studies.

Keep the lists of endangered species up to date and the assessment of their populations. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.N.5. Promoting the consideration of marine species in the regional, national and international asset lists of threatened species, as well as their study This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Keep the lists of endangered species up to date and the assessment of their populations. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.S.5. Promoting the consideration of marine species in the regional, national and international asset lists of threatened species, as well as their study This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Promote international cooperation in the study and monitoring of populations of geographically wide groups (e.g. cetaceans and reptiles). In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.N.6. Improve international coordination of species monitoring programmes, especially for geographically wide species (e.g. fish, cetaceans and reptiles). This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Promote international cooperation in the study and monitoring of populations of geographically wide groups (e.g. cetaceans and reptiles). In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.S.6. Improve international coordination of species monitoring programmes, especially for geographically wide species (e.g. fish, cetaceans and reptiles). This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Ensure public participation in the marine strategy of the North Atlantic demarcation through outreach, awareness-raising, voluntary environmental education and stakeholder involvement in the marine environment. In the second cycle, this objective has remained the same, with the exception of the code: C.N..6. Ensure public participation in the marine strategy of the North Atlantic demarcation through outreach, awareness-raising, voluntary environmental education and stakeholder involvement in the marine environment. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Ensure social participation in the Marine Strategy of the South Atlantic Basin through outreach, awareness-raising, voluntary environmental education and stakeholder involvement in the marine environment. In the second cycle, this objective has remained the same, with the exception of the code: C.S.6. Ensure social participation in the Marine Strategy of the South Asian Basin through outreach, awareness-raising, voluntary environmental education and stakeholder involvement in the marine environment. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Achieve proper coordination of public administrations, institutions and sectors in the South Atlantic basin that carry out work related to the marine environment, in such a way as to avoid duplication and exploit synergies. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.S.7. Achieve proper coordination of public administrations, institutions and sectors in the South Atlantic basin that carry out work related to the marine environment, in such a way as to avoid duplication and exploit synergies. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.N..8. Promote, through the Marine Spatial Plan of the North Atlantic Demarcation and/or other development tools, that human activities be developed in a sustainable manner and do not jeopardise the achievement of the Good Environmental Status. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Develop management plans for marine recreational activities, or the use thereof, such as marine anchoring, diving, recreational fishing, shipping sports, cetacean watching, etc., for each area in the South Atlantic area where these activities are relevant. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.S.8. To ensure, through the Maritime Spatial Plan of the South Atlantic demarcation and/or other development tools, that human activities are developed in a sustainable manner and do not jeopardise the achievement of the Good Environmental Status. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Ensure that fish stocks are properly managed so that they remain within safe biological limits. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.N.9.Promote that the fish stocks are managed properly so that they remain within safe biological limits, paying particular attention to those whose status is unknown, and to those who do not reach BEA according to the initial assessment of D3 in the DMOR This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Ensure that fish stocks are properly managed so that they remain within safe biological limits. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.S.9. To promote that fish stocks are properly managed so that they remain within safe biological limits, paying particular attention to those whose status is unknown, and to those who do not reach BEA according to the initial assessment of D3 in the South African Marine Demarcation. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Ensure that the area affected by permanent physical alterations caused by human activities is a small proportion of the total area of the North Atlantic demarcation. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.N.10.Promote human actions not significantly increase the surface area affected by physical loss of natural seabed resources compared to the previous cycle in Norlántica. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Ensure that the area affected by permanent physical alterations caused by human activities is a small proportion of the total area of the South Atlantic area. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.S.10. Foster human actions not to significantly increase the surface affected by physical loss of natural seabed compared to the previous cycle in the South Atlantic area. This target will be reported as a new target, given that the code and indicators have changed.

To ensure that biological and permanent physical alterations caused by human activities do not threaten the persistence and operation of biogenic habitats and/or protected habitats and do not jeopardise the achievement or maintenance of GES for these habitats. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.N..11. To promote that the biological and permanent physical alterations caused by human activities do not threaten the persistence and operation of protected habitats or natural interests and do not threaten the achievement or maintenance of GES for these habitats. This target will be considered a new target, given that the code and indicators have changed.

To ensure that biological and permanent physical alterations caused by human activities do not threaten the persistence and operation of biogenic habitats and/or protected habitats and do not jeopardise the achievement or maintenance of GES for these habitats. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.S.11. To promote that the biological and permanent physical alterations caused by human activities do not threaten the persistence and operation of protected habitats or natural interests and do not jeopardise the achievement or maintenance of GES for these habitats. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Take mitigation measures in coastal stretches where permanent physical alterations caused by human activities have caused a significant impact so that hydrodynamics and hydrodynamics properties are compatible with the conservation of habitats In the second cycle, the wording and the code have been slightly changed. C.N..12. Take measures on coastal stretches where permanent physical alterations caused by human activities have caused a significant impact so as to be compatible with the good environmental status of the seabed and hydrographical conditions. This objective will be gained as a new objective, as the code and indicator has changed.

Take mitigation measures in coastal stretches where permanent physical alterations caused by human activities have caused a significant impact so that hydrodynamics and hydrodynamics properties are compatible with the conservation of habitats In the second cycle, the wording and the code have been slightly changed. C.S.12. Take measures on coastal stretches where permanent physical alterations caused by human activities have caused a significant impact so as to be compatible with the good environmental status of the seabed and hydrographical conditions. This objective will be gained as a new objective, as the code and indicator has changed.

Improving access to available marine information, in particular with regard to the descriptors of good environmental status, pressures and impacts, and socio-economic aspects, as well as ensuring the quality of this information. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.N..15. To improve access to available marine information, in particular with regard to the descriptors of good environmental status, pressures and impacts, and socio-economic aspects, as well as to ensure the quality of this information, both for maritime administrations and institutions and for the general public. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Improving access to available marine information, in particular with regard to the descriptors of good environmental status, pressures and impacts, and socio-economic aspects, as well as ensuring the quality of this information. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.S.15. To improve access to available marine information, in particular with regard to the descriptors of good environmental status, pressures and impacts, and socio-economic aspects, as well as to ensure the quality of this information, both for maritime administrations and institutions and for the general public. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.N.12. Improving knowledge on the seabed, including physical and biological characteristics This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.S.12. Improve knowledge of the seabed, including physical and biological characteristics. . This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Improve and complement the existing knowledge on the extent, distribution, structure and condition of coastal habitats (up to 50m) and their long-term trends, with a particular focus on the coastal and circalittoral communities of rock and the types of coastal water soft bottoms communities. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.N.12. Improving knowledge on the seabed, including physical and biological characteristics This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Improve and complement the existing knowledge on the extent, distribution, structure and condition of coastal habitats (up to 50m) and their long-term trends, with a particular focus on the coastal and circalittoral communities of rock and the types of coastal water soft bottoms communities. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.S.12. Improve knowledge of the seabed, including physical and biological characteristics. . This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Increase knowledge about the extent, distribution, structure and status of deep habitats and their long-term trends, with special attention to biogenic habitats and protected habitats, rocky bottoms, circalittoral detrital bottoms, underwater seamounts and canyons and bottoms below 1,000 meters. In the second cycle this objective has been modified to: AN12. Improve knowledge of the seabed, including physical and biological characteristics. This objective will be reported as new, since the code and indicators have changed.

Increase knowledge about the extent, distribution, structure and status of deep habitats and their long-term trends, with special attention to biogenic habitats and protected habitats, rocky bottoms, circalittoral detrital bottoms, underwater structures produced by leaking gases and bottoms below 1,000 meters. In the second cycle this objective has been modified to: AS12. Improve knowledge of the seabed, including physical and biological characteristics. This target will be reported as new as the code and indicators have changed.

Increase awareness of the impact of human activities on habitats, especially biogenic and protected species, their species, populations and communities, their sensitivity, tolerance limits and acclimatisation and acclimatisation, especially in relation to fishing activities, infrastructure construction, dredging, extraction of non-renewable marine resources, pollution and interaction with the effects of climate change (acidification, heating, etc.). In the second cycle, this objective has been split into two: C.N..17. Improving knowledge on the effects of climate change on marine and coastal ecosystems, with a view to mainstreaming climate change variable into all phases of Marine Strategies C.N..17. Improving knowledge on the effects of climate change on marine and coastal ecosystems, with a view to mainstreaming climate change variable into all phases of Marine Strategies Both will be reported as new

Increase awareness of the impact of human activities on habitats, especially biogenic and protected species, their species, populations and communities, their sensitivity, tolerance limits and acclimatisation and acclimatisation, especially in relation to fishing activities, infrastructure construction, dredging, extraction of non-renewable marine resources, pollution and interaction with the effects of climate change (acidification, heating, etc.). In the second cycle, this objective has been split into two: C.S.16. Encourage scientific studies and projects to address knowledge gaps identified in the initial assessment of the impact of human activities on marine and coastal ecosystems. C.S.17. Improving knowledge on the effects of climate change on marine and coastal ecosystems, with a view to mainstreaming climate change variable into all phases of Marine Strategies Both will be reported as new

Have information to assess the current status with regard to BEB on the basis of a larger number of commercially important stocks, within which the following specific objectives are identified: • Monitoring and obtaining basic information for species that have not been included in the monitoring programmes so far and have been included in the list of species selected for Descriptor 3. • Improve awareness of the status of selected stocks that currently do not have evaluations leading to major or secondary indicators (as defined in Commission Decision 2010/477/EU). • Avant on the determination of precautionary and management reference values.

Have information to assess the current status with regard to BEB on the basis of a larger number of commercially important stocks, within which the following specific objectives are identified: • Monitoring and obtaining basic information for species that have not been included in the monitoring programmes so far and have been included in the list of species selected for Descriptor 3. • Improve awareness of the status of selected stocks that currently do not have evaluations leading to major or secondary indicators (as defined in Commission Decision 2010/477/EU). • Avant on the determination of precautionary and management reference values.

Increase awareness of trophic webs of both the coastal strip and deep-water ecosystems, including the study of key organisms as well as the effect of seasonal variations, with a view to developing new indicators to assess the state of the food webs in the future and thus properly defining the State’s Good Environmental Status In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.N.11. Increase awareness of food webs, with a view to developing new indicators to assess and define Good Environmental Status. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Increase awareness of trophic webs of both the coastal strip and deep-water ecosystems, including the study of key organisms as well as the effect of seasonal variations, with a view to developing new indicators to assess the state of the food webs in the future and thus properly defining the State’s Good Environmental Status In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: A.S.11. Increase awareness of food webs, with a view to developing new indicators to assess and define Good Environmental Status. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Develop a national monitoring system for river basin and water variability and establish a target system for alerts on the occurrence of climatic abnormalities that may put pressure on the different marine ecosystems. The system should include a register of hydrographical and biological variables as well as mass and extreme events in marine ecosystems such as:Unusual planktonic blocks, appearance of unusual species in a certain zone and time of year, mass of species or process occurring (mortality, reproduction), etc. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.N..19. Encourage the efficient monitoring of the ocean variables to enable the early detection of the occurrence of climatic anomalies which may put pressure on the different marine ecosystems. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Develop a national monitoring system for river basin and water variability and establish a target system for alerts on the occurrence of climatic abnormalities that may put pressure on the different marine ecosystems. The system should include a register of hydrographical and biological variables as well as mass and extreme events in marine ecosystems such as:Unusual planktonic blocks, appearance of unusual species in a certain zone and time of year, mass of species or process occurring (mortality, reproduction), etc. In the second cycle, this objective has been amended to: C.S.19. Encourage the efficient monitoring of the ocean variables to enable the early detection of the occurrence of climatic anomalies which may put pressure on the different marine ecosystems. This objective will be gained as a new objective, given that the code and indicators have changed.

Reduce the intensity and area of influence of the significant anthropogenic pressures on benthic habitats, with particular attention to protected or natural interest habitats. * Number of initiatives launched to reduce the impact of pressures on protected or natural interest habitats, with a focus on fishing with bottom gears and rigging on protected or natural interest habitats, infrastructure construction, exploitation of non-renewable marine resources, dredging, recreational activities and other significant pressures on the DMOR. * Percentage/number of actions and projects with compatibility report * Area of habitats protected or of natural interest potentially affected by human activities and their trends OBJECTIVES 2012: A.1.1

Promote that human actions do not significantly increase the area affected by physical loss of natural seabed with respect to the previous cycle in the North Atlantic demarcation. - Area affected by permanent physical alterations caused by human activities - Area of the demarcation occupied by coastal defence works - Area of the demarcation occupied by works or installations whose objective is not the defence of the coast OBJECTIVE 2012: C.2.1.

Promote that localised and permanent physical alterations caused by human activities do not threaten the durability and functioning of protected habitats and/or habitats of natural interest, nor compromise the achievement or maintenance of GES for these habitats * Percentage of compatibility reports on existing installations * Area of protected habitats and/or habitats of natural interest affected by permanent physical alterations

Take measures on coastal stretches where permanent physical alterations caused by human activities have caused a significant impact so as to be compatible with the good environmental status of the seabed and hydrographical conditions. * No. of measures taken in respect of each activity causing significant impact. OBJECTIVE 2012: C.2.3

To improve access to available marine information, in particular with regard to the descriptors of good environmental status, pressures and impacts, and socio-economic aspects, as well as to ensure the quality of this information, both for maritime administrations and institutions and for the general public. • Existence of platforms for access and exchange of information on the marine environment which facilitate the management of public administrations • Means of access and quality of marine environment information available to citizens • Number of metadata available OBJECTIVE C.3.1

Encourage scientific studies and projects to address knowledge gaps identified in the initial assessment of the impact of human activities on marine and coastal ecosystems. * No. of studies and scientific projects promoted by public administrations dealing with these subjects. * Knowledge-based studies and scientific projects. OBJECTIVE 2012: C.3.5

Improving knowledge on the effects of climate change on marine and coastal ecosystems, with a view to mainstreaming climate change variable into all phases of Marine Strategies * Number of studies and scientific projects promoted by public administrations dealing with this issue * Number of monitoring indicators addressing climate change aspects * Percentage of climate change strategies in Marine Strategies OBJECTIVE 2012: C.3.5

Integrate into decision-making and management of the marine environment results and knowledge acquired through scientific studies, initiatives and projects on the impact of human activities on habitats, species, populations and communities * Criteria for evaluation and monitoring of the results of scientific projects/studies (based on the references in documents) * Objectives and management measures for which the design has taken into account the results of scientific projects/studies

OBJECTIVE 2012: C3.9

To minimise the potential for introduction or secondary expansion of non-native species, directly taking into account the anthropogenic pathways and vectors of translocation * Number of policy/control measures on pathways and vectors for introduction and translocation, * Number of introduction and translocation routes and translocation addressed by policy or regulated measures, such as: Leakages in aquaculture installations, ballast water, anchoring, 'biofouling', live bait, and all types of discharges * Number of events of introduction of invasive non-indigenous species by vector/track OBJECTIVES 2012: A.1.2

To reduce the main causes of mortality and decrease in the populations of non-commercial species groups at the top of the food chain (marine mammals, reptiles, seabirds, pelagic and demersal industries) • Mortality of species groups at the top of the trophic chain • Number of initiatives (legislative, technical and operational) to reduce the main anthropogenic causes of mortality of populations of species groups at the top of the trophic chain. • Percentage of species or groups of species covered by specific regulations addressing the causes of mortality identified in the initial assessment. • Mortality for incidental catches of indicator species birds, reptiles, mammals and elasmobranchs, especially in species assessed as “no BEA” in criterion D1C1 • Mortality due to other causes identified as the main ones in the DMOR: Gillnets and entangling of the fixing ropes (turtles), predators (birds), contamination (birds and cetaceans), overfishing (elasmobranchs) OBJECTIVE 2012: A.1.4

Reducing the disturbance to fauna caused by tourist and recreational activities * Number of individuals of the species potentially affected (for turtles and birds) * Number of established protection measures/initiatives to reduce pressure on these populations

To prevent impacts on trophic webs from the cultivation of marine species, with a focus on the cultivation of non-native and rare species. * Existence of preventive measures within the control programmes. OBJECTIVES 2012: A.1.5

Ensure social participation in the marine strategy of the North Atlantic demarcation through outreach, awareness-raising, voluntary environmental education and stakeholder involvement in the marine environment. * Number of initiatives for social participation and evaluation of their results OBJECTIVE 2012: C.1.3

Achieve adequate coordination of public administrations, institutions and sectors in the North Atlantic region that carry out work related to the marine environment, so as to avoid duplication and take advantage of synergies * Number of initiatives, projects and coordination meetings * Number of themes in which coordination initiatives are adopted OBJECTIVE 2012: C.1.4.

Promote, through the Marine Spatial Plan of the North Atlantic Demarcation and/or other development tools, that human activities are developed in a sustainable manner and do not jeopardise the achievement of the Good Environmental Status * Number of human activities covered by the management plan OBJECTIVE 2012: C1.5

To encourage fish stocks to be properly managed so that they remain within safe biological limits, paying particular attention to those whose status is unknown, and to those who do not reach BEA according to the initial assessment of D3 in the DMOR • No and percentage of stocks analysed in relation to the total of stocks that are significantly exploited • No. and percentage of stocks within safe biological limits • No and percentage of stocks at maximum sustainable yield OBJECTIVE 2012: C.1.6

Reduce the intensity and area of influence of the significant anthropogenic pressures on benthic habitats, with particular attention to protected or natural interest habitats. * Number of initiatives launched to reduce the impact of pressures on protected or natural interest habitats, with a focus on fishing with bottom gears and rigging on protected or natural interest habitats, infrastructure construction, exploitation of non-renewable marine resources, dredging, recreational activities and other significant pressures on the DMSUD * Percentage/number of actions and projects with compatibility report * Area of habitats protected or of natural interest potentially affected by human activities and their trends OBJECTIVES 2012: A.1.1

Promote that human actions do not significantly increase the surface area affected by physical loss of natural marine resources compared to the previous cycle in the South Atlantic area. * Surface affected by permanent physical alterations caused by human activities * Area in the area occupied by coastal defence works * Area covered by the area occupied by works or by installations having as their object other than the defence of the coast OBJECTIVE 2012: C.2.1

To promote that the biological and permanent physical alterations caused by human activities do not threaten the persistence and operation of protected habitats or natural interests and do not jeopardise the achievement or maintenance of the GES for these habitats. * Percentage of compatibility reports on existing installations. * Area of protected habitats of natural interest affected by permanent physical alterations.

Take measures on coastal stretches where permanent physical alterations caused by human activities have caused a significant impact so as to be compatible with the good environmental status of the seabed and hydrographical conditions. * No. of measures taken in respect of each activity causing significant impact OBJECTIVE 2012: C.2.3

To improve access to available marine information, in particular with regard to the descriptors of good environmental status, pressures and impacts, and socio-economic aspects, as well as to ensure the quality of this information, both for maritime administrations and institutions and for the general public. • Existence of platforms for access and exchange of information on the marine environment which facilitate the management of public administrations • Means of access and quality of marine environment information available to citizens • Number of metadata available OBJECTIVE C.3.1

Encourage scientific studies and projects to address knowledge gaps identified in the initial assessment of the impact of human activities on marine and coastal ecosystems. * Number of studies and scientific projects promoted by public administrations dealing with these subjects. * Knowledge-based studies and scientific projects. OBJECTIVE 2012: C.3.5

Improving knowledge on the effects of climate change on marine and coastal ecosystems, with a view to mainstreaming climate change variable into all phases of Marine Strategies * Number of studies and scientific projects promoted by public administrations dealing with this issue * Number of monitoring indicators addressing climate change aspects * Percentage of climate change strategies in Marine Strategies OBJECTIVE 2012: C.3.5

Integrate into decision-making and management of the marine environment results and knowledge acquired through scientific studies, initiatives and projects on the impact of human activities on habitats, species, populations and communities * Criteria for evaluation and monitoring of the results of scientific projects/studies (based on the references in documents) * Objectives and management measures for which the design has taken into account the results of scientific projects/studies

OBJECTIVE 2012: C3.9

To minimise the potential for introduction or secondary expansion of non-native species, directly taking into account the anthropogenic pathways and vectors of translocation * Number of policy/control measures on pathways and vectors for introduction and translocation. * Number of introduction and translocation routes and translocation addressed by policy or regulated measures, such as: Leakages in aquaculture facilities, ballast water, anchoring, 'biofouling', live bait, and all types of discharges. * Number of events of introduction of invasive non-indigenous species by vector/track OBJECTIVES 2012: A.1.2

To reduce the main causes of mortality and decrease in the populations of non-commercial species groups at the top of the food chain (marine mammals, reptiles, seabirds, pelagic and demersal industries) • Mortality of species groups at the top of the trophic chain • Number of initiatives (legislative, technical and operational) to reduce the main causes of mortality of populations of species groups at the top of the trophic chain. • Percentage of species included in specific regulations addressing the causes of mortality identified in the initial assessment. • Mortality for incidental catches of indicator species birds, reptiles, mammals and elasmobranchs, especially in species assessed as “no BEA” in criterion D1C1 • Mortality due to other identified root causes under FD SUD: Networking and capture of accidentally caught (turtles), predators (birds), pollution and collisions (birds and cetaceans), overfishing and overfishing (elasmobranchs) OBJECTIVE 2012: A.1.4

Reducing the disturbance to fauna caused by tourist and recreational activities * Number of individuals of the species potentially affected (for turtles and birds) * Number of established protection measures/initiatives to reduce pressure on these populations

To prevent impacts on trophic webs from the cultivation of marine species, with a focus on the cultivation of non-native and rare species. * Existence of preventive measures within the control programmes. OBJECTIVES 2012: A.1.5

Ensure social participation in the Marine Strategy of the South Atlantic Basin through outreach, awareness-raising, voluntary environmental education and stakeholder involvement in the marine environment. * Number of initiatives for social participation and evaluation of their results OBJECTIVE 2012: C.1.3

Ensure proper coordination of public administrations, institutions and sectors in the South Atlantic demarcation district which carry out work related to the marine environment, in such a way as to avoid duplication and exploit synergies

To ensure, through the Maritime Spatial Plan of the South Atlantic Marine area and/or other development tools, that human activities are developed in a sustainable manner and do not jeopardise the achievement of the Good Environmental Status. * Number of human activities covered by the management plan OBJECTIVE 2012: C1.5

To promote that fish stocks are properly managed so that they remain within safe biological limits, paying particular attention to those whose status is unknown, and to those who do not reach BEA according to the initial assessment of D3 in the South African Marine Demarcation. • No and percentage of stocks analysed in relation to the total of stocks that are significantly exploited • No. and percentage of stocks within safe biological limits • No and percentage of stocks at maximum sustainable yield OBJECTIVE 2012: C.1.6