The measure originally designed consisted of carrying out a study, analysing the social and economic feasibility of putting in place an official brand for the products and services of marine Natura 2000 sites, with particular emphasis on the fisheries sector and, if feasible, the creation of the brand.

The measure originally designed consisted of carrying out a study, analysing the social and economic feasibility of putting in place an official brand for the products and services of marine Natura 2000 sites, with particular emphasis on the fisheries sector and, if feasible, the creation of the brand.

Con el objetivo de dar una cobertura mínima exigida de observadores de un 5% del esfuerzo pesquero del palangre de superficie en las Organizaciones Regionales de Pesca (ORPs) atuneras y dar cumplimiento a los requisitos de información científica previstos en la normativa de las ORPs, la Secretaría General de Pesca (SGP) implementa un Programa de Observadores anual desde 2017. Los datos resultantes de este programa son procesados para obtener la tarea científica que se debe reportar a las ORPs. Además, desde 2019 se da un curso de formación anual a los observadores previo a que comience la campaña de pesca.

Con el objetivo de dar una cobertura mínima exigida de observadores de un 5% del esfuerzo pesquero del palangre de superficie en las Organizaciones Regionales de Pesca (ORPs) atuneras y dar cumplimiento a los requisitos de información científica previstos en la normativa de las ORPs, la Secretaría General de Pesca (SGP) implementa un Programa de Observadores anual desde 2017. Los datos resultantes de este programa son procesados para obtener la tarea científica que se debe reportar a las ORPs. Además, desde 2019 se da un curso de formación anual a los observadores previo a que comience la campaña de pesca.

Proyecto llevado a cabo conjuntamente por la SGP, el IEO y el CSIC para estudiar el fenómeno de la captura accidental en función de los diferentes artes de pesca utilizados por la flota española y los caladeros en los que faena. El proyecto implica la realización de un análisis de riesgo de las capturas accidentales y una serie de propuestas para contribuir a su mitigación.

Proyecto llevado a cabo conjuntamente por la SGP, el IEO y el CSIC para estudiar el fenómeno de la captura accidental en función de los diferentes artes de pesca utilizados por la flota española y los caladeros en los que faena. El proyecto implica la realización de un análisis de riesgo de las capturas accidentales y una serie de propuestas para contribuir a su mitigación.

En 2017 se constató la existencia de diferentes fuentes de información que podrían contribuir a la generación de las discrepancias observadas entre los datos del ACDR y la tarea científica. Por eso, esta medida unifica las fuentes de información a bordo de la flota española dirigida a túnidos tropicales que comprende los atuneros cerqueros congeladores y los cañeros mediante la actualización del Diario Electrónico de Abordo (DEA) para incluir en él toda la información de ésta pesca que hasta el momento se reflejaba en el DEA y en Diarios de A bordo en papel. Además, se incluyen todos los datos de muestreos de tropicales realizados por observadores científicos a bordo y los muestreos realizados en puerto en una aplicación electrónica única y se crea una base de datos de túnidos tropicales única.

En 2017 se constató la existencia de diferentes fuentes de información que podrían contribuir a la generación de las discrepancias observadas entre los datos del ACDR y la tarea científica. Por eso, esta medida unifica las fuentes de información a bordo de la flota española dirigida a túnidos tropicales que comprende los atuneros cerqueros congeladores y los cañeros mediante la actualización del Diario Electrónico de Abordo (DEA) para incluir en él toda la información de ésta pesca que hasta el momento se reflejaba en el DEA y en Diarios de A bordo en papel. Además, se incluyen todos los datos de muestreos de tropicales realizados por observadores científicos a bordo y los muestreos realizados en puerto en una aplicación electrónica única y se crea una base de datos de túnidos tropicales única.

La organización ICCAT, en la que España se encuentra representada a través de la Unión Europea como parte contratante, emite recomendaciones, resoluciones y otras decisiones para la conservación de túnidos y especies afines: túnidos tropicales, pez espada, atún blanco, atún rojo y marlines. Además, también emite recomendaciones y resoluciones sobre captura fortuita de especies no objetivo, con un total de 10 emitidas en el periodo 2016-2021, sobre especies de tiburones entre las que se encuentran el marrajo (Isurus oxyrinchus) y la tintorera (Prionace glauca).

La organización ICCAT, en la que España se encuentra representada a través de la Unión Europea como parte contratante, emite recomendaciones, resoluciones y otras decisiones para la conservación de túnidos y especies afines: túnidos tropicales, pez espada, atún blanco, atún rojo y marlines. Además, también emite recomendaciones y resoluciones sobre captura fortuita de especies no objetivo, con un total de 10 emitidas en el periodo 2016-2021, sobre especies de tiburones entre las que se encuentran el marrajo (Isurus oxyrinchus) y la tintorera (Prionace glauca).

Reglamento (UE) 2019/1241 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 20 de junio de 2019, sobre la conservación de los recursos pesqueros y la protección de los ecosistemas marinos con medidas técnicas, y por el que se modifican los Reglamentos (CE) n.o 2019/2006 y (CE) n.o 1224/2009 del Consejo y los Reglamentos (UE) n.o 1380/2013, (UE) 2016/1139, (UE) 2018/973, (UE) 2019/472 y (UE) 2019/1022 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, y por el que se derogan los Reglamentos (CE) n.o 894/97, (CE) n.o 850/98, (CE) n.o 2549/2000, (CE) n.o 254/2002, (CE) n.o 812/2004 y (CE) n.o 2187/2005 del Consejo. El Reglamento establece medidas técnicas relativas a la captura y el desembarque de recursos biológicos marinos, la utilización de artes de pesca, y la interacción de las actividades pesqueras con los ecosistemas marinos. Se aplica a las actividades realizadas por buques pesqueros de la Unión y nacionales de los Estados miembros.

Reglamento (UE) 2019/1241 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 20 de junio de 2019, sobre la conservación de los recursos pesqueros y la protección de los ecosistemas marinos con medidas técnicas, y por el que se modifican los Reglamentos (CE) n.o 2019/2006 y (CE) n.o 1224/2009 del Consejo y los Reglamentos (UE) n.o 1380/2013, (UE) 2016/1139, (UE) 2018/973, (UE) 2019/472 y (UE) 2019/1022 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, y por el que se derogan los Reglamentos (CE) n.o 894/97, (CE) n.o 850/98, (CE) n.o 2549/2000, (CE) n.o 254/2002, (CE) n.o 812/2004 y (CE) n.o 2187/2005 del Consejo. El Reglamento establece medidas técnicas relativas a la captura y el desembarque de recursos biológicos marinos, la utilización de artes de pesca, y la interacción de las actividades pesqueras con los ecosistemas marinos. Se aplica a las actividades realizadas por buques pesqueros de la Unión y nacionales de los Estados miembros.

The aim of the action is to bring the regulatory framework for recreational fishing in external waters into line with the latest recommendations of the international fisheries bodies, as well as with the CFP rules, by improving control through a clearer licensing system, reducing the impact on use by reducing the authorised catch limit and creating a data collection framework for this segment of activity. To this end, the process of processing a new Royal Decree regulating recreational sea fishing in external waters has been launched, recasting and repealing all the previous legislation on this subject, essentially Royal Decree 347/2011. The aim of this regulatory provision is to provide an adequate response to the considerable increase in activity in recreational sea fishing in recent decades, by clarifying the licensing system, establishing limitations to promote the conservation of species and specifying the reporting and control obligations for catches. Among the most notable new features of this Royal Decree are: • Fishing licences, which must be personal and non-transferable, rather than per vessel. • The list of gear permitted by each licence and the limitation or prohibition of instruments specific to professional fishing. • Authorised species, minimum sizes and catch volumes. • The obligation to mark catches with a cut that removes part of the lower lobe from the caudal fin. • The flow of data on recreational catch volumes, to be collected by the ACs. A. with the information sent by the fishermen and sent to the SGP on an annual basis. • Creation of a register of licences and authorisations for recreational sea fishing. With the entry into force of this Royal Decree, the CoCs. AAs will have to adapt the regional legislation on recreational fisheries in their respective scopes to determine, inter alia, the licensing system and the mechanism for collecting catch data and reporting them to the SGP.

The aim of the action is to bring the regulatory framework for recreational fishing in external waters into line with the latest recommendations of the international fisheries bodies, as well as with the CFP rules, by improving control through a clearer licensing system, reducing the impact on use by reducing the authorised catch limit and creating a data collection framework for this segment of activity. To this end, the process of processing a new Royal Decree regulating recreational sea fishing in external waters has been launched, recasting and repealing all the previous legislation on this subject, essentially Royal Decree 347/2011. The aim of this regulatory provision is to provide an adequate response to the considerable increase in activity in recreational sea fishing in recent decades, by clarifying the licensing system, establishing limitations to promote the conservation of species and specifying the reporting and control obligations for catches. Among the most notable new features of this Royal Decree are: • Fishing licences, which must be personal and non-transferable, rather than per vessel. • The list of gear permitted by each licence and the limitation or prohibition of instruments specific to professional fishing. • Authorised species, minimum sizes and catch volumes. • The obligation to mark catches with a cut that removes part of the lower lobe from the caudal fin. • The flow of data on recreational catch volumes, to be collected by the ACs. A. with the information sent by the fishermen and sent to the SGP on an annual basis. • Creation of a register of licences and authorisations for recreational sea fishing. With the entry into force of this Royal Decree, the CoCs. AAs will have to adapt the regional legislation on recreational fisheries in their respective scopes to determine, inter alia, the licensing system and the mechanism for collecting catch data and reporting them to the SGP.

El artículo 9 del Reglamento (CE) 1224/2009, por el que se establece un régimen comunitario de control para garantizar el cumplimiento de las normas de la política pesquera común, establece la obligación de que las embarcaciones de a partir de 12 metros de eslora dispongan de un sistema de localización. Sin embargo, el 71,43% de las embarcaciones pesqueras españolas tienen menos de 12 metros de eslora (Informe anual de la actividad de la flota pesquera española 2021), razón por la que existe una laguna de conocimiento sobre la huella pesquera de estas pesquerías, lo que dificulta realizar una estimación detallada del impacto que éstas ejercen en los ecosistemas marinos. No obstante, a nivel comunitario se está trabajando en la modificación del Reglamento de Control, que contempla, entre otros aspectos, la exigencia de que los barcos pesqueros menores de 12 metros lleven un equipo de geolocalización a bordo, que se utilizaría para conocer el área de actividad así como para transmitir los datos de capturas. Se contempla la posibilidad de que los pesqueros menores de 9 metros puedan quedar exentos de esta exigencia, si cumplen los siguientes requisitos: a. Usar solo artes pasivas. b. Operar solo dentro de las 6 millas a las líneas de base. c. No pasar nunca más de 24 horas en la mar. d. Que el caladero donde faenan, no se encuentre sujeto a restricciones en la actividad. Independientemente de las obligaciones que se introduzcan por el nuevo Reglamento de control que próximamente se deberá aprobar a nivel comunitario, algunas CC.AA. han trabajado en el seguimiento de las pesquerías artesanales en los últimos años y cuentan con planes de seguir haciéndolo en el período 2021-2027. Consultar texto completo en los documentos publicados: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/costas/temas/proteccion-medio-marino/estrategias-marinas/eemm_2dociclo_fase5.aspx

El artículo 9 del Reglamento (CE) 1224/2009, por el que se establece un régimen comunitario de control para garantizar el cumplimiento de las normas de la política pesquera común, establece la obligación de que las embarcaciones de a partir de 12 metros de eslora dispongan de un sistema de localización. Sin embargo, el 71,43% de las embarcaciones pesqueras españolas tienen menos de 12 metros de eslora (Informe anual de la actividad de la flota pesquera española 2021), razón por la que existe una laguna de conocimiento sobre la huella pesquera de estas pesquerías, lo que dificulta realizar una estimación detallada del impacto que éstas ejercen en los ecosistemas marinos. No obstante, a nivel comunitario se está trabajando en la modificación del Reglamento de Control, que contempla, entre otros aspectos, la exigencia de que los barcos pesqueros menores de 12 metros lleven un equipo de geolocalización a bordo, que se utilizaría para conocer el área de actividad así como para transmitir los datos de capturas. Se contempla la posibilidad de que los pesqueros menores de 9 metros puedan quedar exentos de esta exigencia, si cumplen los siguientes requisitos: a. Usar solo artes pasivas. b. Operar solo dentro de las 6 millas a las líneas de base. c. No pasar nunca más de 24 horas en la mar. d. Que el caladero donde faenan, no se encuentre sujeto a restricciones en la actividad. Independientemente de las obligaciones que se introduzcan por el nuevo Reglamento de control que próximamente se deberá aprobar a nivel comunitario, algunas CC.AA. han trabajado en el seguimiento de las pesquerías artesanales en los últimos años y cuentan con planes de seguir haciéndolo en el período 2021-2027. Consultar texto completo en los documentos publicados: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/costas/temas/proteccion-medio-marino/estrategias-marinas/eemm_2dociclo_fase5.aspx

Se pretende desarrollar un proyecto piloto de captura de crustáceos con nasas.

Se pretende desarrollar un proyecto piloto de captura de crustáceos con nasas.

This measure will bring together actions to improve the monitoring of recreational fishing and to reduce its impact, to be put in place at national and Autonomous Community level. The following actions will be considered: • Constraints and limitations on obtaining recreational fishing licences (training, aptitude tests, etc.). • Constraints and limitations in fishing competitions. • Organisation of workshops and courses on aspects related to law enforcement and the proper conservation of marine biological resources: endangered species, minimum sizes, sensitive habitats, etc.• Application of technical measures to reduce incidental catches in recreational fisheries. • Implementation of innovative systems for reporting and exchanging information on catches from recreational fisheries in inland and external waters. • In general, technical, monitoring, training, etc. measures contributing to the development of the future legislation to be repealed by Royal Decree 347/2011. • Characterisation study of recreational fisheries in Spain. As a background, in March 2021, the SGP commissioned a study from a technical services company which was sub-contracted by a private foundation leading marine research. This study, entitled ‘Characterisation of catches made by the recreational fisheries sector and comparison with the commercial sector’, focuses on the design of a possible methodology for the collection of data on recreational fisheries in relation to the provisions of the European Data Collection Framework. This involves the analysis of licences and species affected by recreational fisheries in Spain, using surveys and following a scientific methodology. The content of the Royal Decree on recreational sea fishing will be decisive for the implementation of this type of action at Autonomous Community level. Some Autonomous Communities are already working on this type of action: (...) Consult full text in published documents: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/costas/temas/proteccion-medio-marino/estrategias-marinas/eemm_2dociclo_fase5.aspx

This measure will bring together actions to improve the monitoring of recreational fishing and to reduce its impact, to be put in place at national and Autonomous Community level. The following actions will be considered: • Constraints and limitations on obtaining recreational fishing licences (training, aptitude tests, etc.). • Constraints and limitations in fishing competitions. • Organisation of workshops and courses on aspects related to law enforcement and the proper conservation of marine biological resources: endangered species, minimum sizes, sensitive habitats, etc.• Application of technical measures to reduce incidental catches in recreational fisheries. • Implementation of innovative systems for reporting and exchanging information on catches from recreational fisheries in inland and external waters. • In general, technical, monitoring, training, etc. measures contributing to the development of the future legislation to be repealed by Royal Decree 347/2011. • Characterisation study of recreational fisheries in Spain. As a background, in March 2021, the SGP commissioned a study from a technical services company which was sub-contracted by a private foundation leading marine research. This study, entitled ‘Characterisation of catches made by the recreational fisheries sector and comparison with the commercial sector’, focuses on the design of a possible methodology for the collection of data on recreational fisheries in relation to the provisions of the European Data Collection Framework. This involves the analysis of licences and species affected by recreational fisheries in Spain, using surveys and following a scientific methodology. The content of the Royal Decree on recreational sea fishing will be decisive for the implementation of this type of action at Autonomous Community level. Some Autonomous Communities are already working on this type of action: (...) Consult full text in published documents: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/costas/temas/proteccion-medio-marino/estrategias-marinas/eemm_2dociclo_fase5.aspx

The European Union’s Roadmap 2050 sets ambitious targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80 % by 2050 with a view to full decarbonisation by the third century. These Community commitments inevitably entail a significant development of renewable energy installations in Spain. Thus, the integrated National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) foresees a doubling of energy from renewable sources over the next decade. The Maritime Spatial Plans (MEPP) have developed a proposal for high potential and priority use areas for offshore wind energy. These areas have been located on the basis of a set of technical criteria and in order to avoid as far as possible affecting the natural values of marine ecosystems and the different uses and activities taking place there. In any case, it is foreseeable that the future installation of floating commercial wind farms could have an impact on biological communities (seabirds, cetaceans and turtles, icthiofauna including fish stocks, benthic habitats) and on fishing activity, depending on the types of gear that may be considered incompatible with the establishment of offshore infrastructure. This impact has been analysed in the environmental assessment of the MEOP, based on the best available information, but it is understood that knowledge on these aspects needs to be improved in the coming years. As regards the impact on biological communities, DGBBD will develop a methodological guide for the assessment of renewable energy projects in the marine environment, covering all aspects related to the conduct of studies on fauna and habitats in the environmental assessment procedure, from planning, assessment, analysis of cumulative impact, proposing environmental measures and the environmental monitoring or monitoring programme. The assessment of electrical lines for the evacuation of the energy generated is excluded from this guide because it is another type of impact that is currently the subject of specific projects. For its part, the DGCM will carry out a detailed analysis of the impact on fishing activity and stocks. This will be done by identifying the types of gear and base ports concerned in each of the offshore wind energy polygons proposed in the MEOP; each polygon will be characterised from the point of view of its fishing intensity, including fishing activity in the waters between each polygon and the coast, in order to identify the possible impact of evacuation infrastructure. The cofradías directly affected by each of the offshore wind energy polygons will also be identified. The most exploited fish stocks in the proposed wind zones will also be analysed, and estimates will be made of the volume of stock biomass that would no longer be exploited, as well as an assessment of the economic impact of non-extraction, if possible using a calculation at district level (by base port, district, etc.). With all this information, possible spatial planning measures will be considered within each polygon, suggestions for land-based evacuation routes that have the least impact on fishing activity (including closed areas, marine reserves, and areas with high fishing effort), as well as on marine biodiversity (protected areas, valuable areas due to the presence of habitats or species, etc.); suggestions for possible coexistence measures between commercial wind fields and different fishing gear, and suggestions for corrective or compensatory measures in the event that limitations or prohibitions on fishing are adopted due to the presence of a wind farm. Account will be taken of the relevant initiatives already underway by the regional fisheries administrations, such as the Galician Marine Wind Observatory, whose main objective is to serve as a forum for dialogue, meeting and analysis in order to seek the coexistence and compatibility of the potential development of offshore wind in Galicia with all existing activities, with a particular focus on maritime and fishing activities.

The European Union’s Roadmap 2050 sets ambitious targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80 % by 2050 with a view to full decarbonisation by the third century. These Community commitments inevitably entail a significant development of renewable energy installations in Spain. Thus, the integrated National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) foresees a doubling of energy from renewable sources over the next decade. The Maritime Spatial Plans (MEPP) have developed a proposal for high potential and priority use areas for offshore wind energy. These areas have been located on the basis of a set of technical criteria and in order to avoid as far as possible affecting the natural values of marine ecosystems and the different uses and activities taking place there. In any case, it is foreseeable that the future installation of floating commercial wind farms could have an impact on biological communities (seabirds, cetaceans and turtles, icthiofauna including fish stocks, benthic habitats) and on fishing activity, depending on the types of gear that may be considered incompatible with the establishment of offshore infrastructure. This impact has been analysed in the environmental assessment of the MEOP, based on the best available information, but it is understood that knowledge on these aspects needs to be improved in the coming years. As regards the impact on biological communities, DGBBD will develop a methodological guide for the assessment of renewable energy projects in the marine environment, covering all aspects related to the conduct of studies on fauna and habitats in the environmental assessment procedure, from planning, assessment, analysis of cumulative impact, proposing environmental measures and the environmental monitoring or monitoring programme. The assessment of electrical lines for the evacuation of the energy generated is excluded from this guide because it is another type of impact that is currently the subject of specific projects. For its part, the DGCM will carry out a detailed analysis of the impact on fishing activity and stocks. This will be done by identifying the types of gear and base ports concerned in each of the offshore wind energy polygons proposed in the MEOP; each polygon will be characterised from the point of view of its fishing intensity, including fishing activity in the waters between each polygon and the coast, in order to identify the possible impact of evacuation infrastructure. The cofradías directly affected by each of the offshore wind energy polygons will also be identified. The most exploited fish stocks in the proposed wind zones will also be analysed, and estimates will be made of the volume of stock biomass that would no longer be exploited, as well as an assessment of the economic impact of non-extraction, if possible using a calculation at district level (by base port, district, etc.). With all this information, possible spatial planning measures will be considered within each polygon, suggestions for land-based evacuation routes that have the least impact on fishing activity (including closed areas, marine reserves, and areas with high fishing effort), as well as on marine biodiversity (protected areas, valuable areas due to the presence of habitats or species, etc.); suggestions for possible coexistence measures between commercial wind fields and different fishing gear, and suggestions for corrective or compensatory measures in the event that limitations or prohibitions on fishing are adopted due to the presence of a wind farm. Account will be taken of the relevant initiatives already underway by the regional fisheries administrations, such as the Galician Marine Wind Observatory, whose main objective is to serve as a forum for dialogue, meeting and analysis in order to seek the coexistence and compatibility of the potential development of offshore wind in Galicia with all existing activities, with a particular focus on maritime and fishing activities.

Public aid for the permanent cessation of fishing activity. The EMFAF may support compensation for the permanent cessation of fishing activities with the aim of promoting the adjustment of fishing capacity to fishing opportunities. Such support may only be provided under the following conditions (a) cessation is foreseen as a tool of one of the action plans referred to in Article 22(4) of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013; (b) cessation is achieved through the scrapping of the fishing vessel or its withdrawal and retrofitting to activities other than commercial fishing, in line with the objectives of the CFP and the multiannual plans referred to in Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013; (c) the fishing vessel is registered as active and has carried out fishing activities at sea at least 90 days per year during the last two calendar years preceding the date of submission of the aid application; (D) the equivalent fishing capacity has been permanently removed from the Union fishing fleet register and the fishing licences and authorisations have been permanently withdrawn in accordance with Article 22 (5) and (6) of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013; and (e) the beneficiary shall not register any fishing vessel within five years of receiving the support. The objective of this measure is determined by the annual reports of the Spanish fishing fleet and the evolution of the balance of its segments/metiers. To articulate this measure, important coordination with the sector and commitment by all those involved are needed to achieve the objectives set. Therefore, and as it also depends on the assessment of the balance of segments/metiers, an initial forecast has been planned in order to dispose of the open line until the scope is coordinated and planned. The fleet withdrawal target in the coming years is 829 GT until 2029. It should be stressed that the main challenge in the Mediterranean is to reduce fishing effort, and that although the segments mostly affected by the Mediterranean Management Plan are currently in balance, it is necessary to consider changes as their implementation progresses, setting specific targets to cover any imbalances that may arise. No action will be taken outside Spanish territory to achieve this measure.

Public aid for the permanent cessation of fishing activity. The EMFAF may support compensation for the permanent cessation of fishing activities with the aim of promoting the adjustment of fishing capacity to fishing opportunities. Such support may only be provided under the following conditions (a) cessation is foreseen as a tool of one of the action plans referred to in Article 22(4) of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013; (b) cessation is achieved through the scrapping of the fishing vessel or its withdrawal and retrofitting to activities other than commercial fishing, in line with the objectives of the CFP and the multiannual plans referred to in Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013; (c) the fishing vessel is registered as active and has carried out fishing activities at sea at least 90 days per year during the last two calendar years preceding the date of submission of the aid application; (D) the equivalent fishing capacity has been permanently removed from the Union fishing fleet register and the fishing licences and authorisations have been permanently withdrawn in accordance with Article 22 (5) and (6) of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013; and (e) the beneficiary shall not register any fishing vessel within five years of receiving the support. The objective of this measure is determined by the annual reports of the Spanish fishing fleet and the evolution of the balance of its segments/metiers. To articulate this measure, important coordination with the sector and commitment by all those involved are needed to achieve the objectives set. Therefore, and as it also depends on the assessment of the balance of segments/metiers, an initial forecast has been planned in order to dispose of the open line until the scope is coordinated and planned. The fleet withdrawal target in the coming years is 829 GT until 2029. It should be stressed that the main challenge in the Mediterranean is to reduce fishing effort, and that although the segments mostly affected by the Mediterranean Management Plan are currently in balance, it is necessary to consider changes as their implementation progresses, setting specific targets to cover any imbalances that may arise. No action will be taken outside Spanish territory to achieve this measure.

The EMFAF may support compensation for the temporary cessation of fishing activities. Such support may only be provided in the following cases: (a) conservation measures as referred to in points (a), (b), (c) and (j) of Article 7(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013 or, where applicable to the Union, equivalent conservation measures adopted by regional fisheries management organisations; (b) Commission measures in the event of a serious threat to marine biological resources adopted pursuant to Article 12 of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013; (c) Member States’ emergency measures taken pursuant to Article 13 of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013; (D) an interruption, due to force majeure, of the implementation of a Sustainable Fisheries Partnership Agreement or protocol thereto, or (e) natural disasters, environmental incidents or health crises, which have been officially recognised as such by the competent authorities of the Member State concerned. Such support may be granted if the fishing activities of the vessel or fisherman concerned are interrupted for at least 30 days in a given calendar year. The support referred to in point (a) should only be granted where, on the basis of scientific advice, a reduction in fishing effort is necessary to achieve the objectives referred to in Article 2(2) and Article 2(5)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013. Such support may only be granted to: • Owners or operators of fishing vessels that are registered as active and have carried out fishing activities at sea for at least 120 days in the two calendar years preceding the year of submission of the application for support; • Fishermen who have worked at sea on board a Union fishing vessel affected by the temporary cessation for at least 120 days during the two calendar years preceding the year of submission of the application for support, or• fishermen on foot who have carried out fishing activities for at least 120 days in the last two calendar years preceding the year of submission of the application for support. The reference to the number of days at sea in this paragraph shall not apply to eel fisheries. This support may be granted for a maximum duration of 12 months per vessel during the programming period. Temporary stops have a clearly regionalised forecast and objectives. In this regard, they are initially concentrated in the Mediterranean and the Gulf of Cádiz. The aim is to be able to support and compensate fishermen and crew members as a result of the implementation of the Mediterranean Management Plan for demersal species, but also purse seine and other gear regulated at national level. They also extend to the Gulf of Cádiz, where there is also an application of closed areas established in management plans, so it is expected that fishermen will be compensated for limiting their activity in order to support compliance with the plans. For the Atlantic, temporary stops in external waters are not initially planned in the EMFAF Operational Programme. They have been planned to be made in inland waters, intended for fishermen on foot, in accordance with the management plans for shellfishing. Although it is not excluded that it is necessary throughout the programme to implement management plans or specific measures related to sardine or southern hake, among others, they may be planned and articulated. There are 4 working groups in the SGP and CC. AA., for the 4 existing fishing grounds: Mediterranean (DM Estrecho and Alboran and levantino-Balearic DM); South Atlantic, North Atlantic and Canary Islands. Each working group is responsible for proposing to the Sectoral Conference the stops to be financed the following year. MAPA will assume the support resulting from the non-renewal of SFPAs or protocols thereto, as well as those specifically agreed upon by the Sectoral Conference. Similarly, MAPA will finance aid for other temporary stops carried out by fleets fishing simultaneously in internal and external waters or exclusively in external waters, while the management of the aid will be the responsibility of the Autonomous Communities, unless specifically agreed by the Sectoral Conference. The temporary stops of the shellfish fleet, which operates exclusively in inland waters and that based in ports of the Basque Country, will be responsible, both for funding and management, for the Autonomous Communities.

The EMFAF may support compensation for the temporary cessation of fishing activities. Such support may only be provided in the following cases: (a) conservation measures as referred to in points (a), (b), (c) and (j) of Article 7(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013 or, where applicable to the Union, equivalent conservation measures adopted by regional fisheries management organisations; (b) Commission measures in the event of a serious threat to marine biological resources adopted pursuant to Article 12 of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013; (c) Member States’ emergency measures taken pursuant to Article 13 of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013; (D) an interruption, due to force majeure, of the implementation of a Sustainable Fisheries Partnership Agreement or protocol thereto, or (e) natural disasters, environmental incidents or health crises, which have been officially recognised as such by the competent authorities of the Member State concerned. Such support may be granted if the fishing activities of the vessel or fisherman concerned are interrupted for at least 30 days in a given calendar year. The support referred to in point (a) should only be granted where, on the basis of scientific advice, a reduction in fishing effort is necessary to achieve the objectives referred to in Article 2(2) and Article 2(5)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 1380/2013. Such support may only be granted to: • Owners or operators of fishing vessels that are registered as active and have carried out fishing activities at sea for at least 120 days in the two calendar years preceding the year of submission of the application for support; • Fishermen who have worked at sea on board a Union fishing vessel affected by the temporary cessation for at least 120 days during the two calendar years preceding the year of submission of the application for support, or• fishermen on foot who have carried out fishing activities for at least 120 days in the last two calendar years preceding the year of submission of the application for support. The reference to the number of days at sea in this paragraph shall not apply to eel fisheries. This support may be granted for a maximum duration of 12 months per vessel during the programming period. Temporary stops have a clearly regionalised forecast and objectives. In this regard, they are initially concentrated in the Mediterranean and the Gulf of Cádiz. The aim is to be able to support and compensate fishermen and crew members as a result of the implementation of the Mediterranean Management Plan for demersal species, but also purse seine and other gear regulated at national level. They also extend to the Gulf of Cádiz, where there is also an application of closed areas established in management plans, so it is expected that fishermen will be compensated for limiting their activity in order to support compliance with the plans. For the Atlantic, temporary stops in external waters are not initially planned in the EMFAF Operational Programme. They have been planned to be made in inland waters, intended for fishermen on foot, in accordance with the management plans for shellfishing. Although it is not excluded that it is necessary throughout the programme to implement management plans or specific measures related to sardine or southern hake, among others, they may be planned and articulated. There are 4 working groups in the SGP and CC. AA., for the 4 existing fishing grounds: Mediterranean (DM Estrecho and Alboran and levantino-Balearic DM); South Atlantic, North Atlantic and Canary Islands. Each working group is responsible for proposing to the Sectoral Conference the stops to be financed the following year. MAPA will assume the support resulting from the non-renewal of SFPAs or protocols thereto, as well as those specifically agreed upon by the Sectoral Conference. Similarly, MAPA will finance aid for other temporary stops carried out by fleets fishing simultaneously in internal and external waters or exclusively in external waters, while the management of the aid will be the responsibility of the Autonomous Communities, unless specifically agreed by the Sectoral Conference. The temporary stops of the shellfish fleet, which operates exclusively in inland waters and that based in ports of the Basque Country, will be responsible, both for funding and management, for the Autonomous Communities.

Se conoce como “descarte pesquero” a aquella parte de la captura que no se retiene a bordo durante una operación de pesca, y es desechada al mar. La reducción de los descartes es un objetivo prioritario de la Política Pesquera Común para garantizar la sostenibilidad de la pesca por sus consecuencias sobre la disponibilidad de los recursos, el impacto medioambiental asociado a las alteraciones sobre los ecosistemas y las ineficiencias que introduce en la actividad pesquera (Kelleher, 2005). La captura y descarte de peces e invertebrados así como la captura de forma accidental de otras especies vulnerables como aves, tortugas y mamíferos marinos y elasmobranquios protegidos, que no son objetivo de la actividad pesquera, afecta también negativamente a la biodiversidad. La Política Pesquera Común (PPC) incluyó en su Reglamento de 2013 la introducción gradual de una prohibición de descarte y obligatoriedad de desembarque para las flotas pesqueras de aguas europeas y determinadas flotas en otras aguas. La obligación de desembarque se introdujo a partir de 2015 y está plenamente en vigor desde enero de 2019. Su objetivo es eliminar o reducir los descartes, fomentando pesquerías más selectivas y evitando capturas no deseadas. Para cumplir con esta obligación, en julio de 2015 se constituyó la “Mesa estatal para la eliminación de los descartes” con representación de sector, administraciones, científicos y ONGs, con tres grupos de trabajo (Aguas Suroccidentales, Aguas Noroccidentales y Mediterráneo) alineados con los grupos regionales de Estados miembros que desarrollan los planes regionales de descartes en la zonas de interés pesqueros para España, que permitió la implementación gradual de las nuevas medidas. En paralelo a esta iniciativa y al amparo del artículo 39 del Reglamento del FEMP, tanto la AGE (a través de la SGP) como las CC. AA. podrán financiar proyectos de innovación relacionados con la conservación de los recursos biológicos marinos, que contribuyan a la eliminación gradual de los descartes, así como proyectos dirigidos a evaluar el impacto de la prohibición de descartes sobre especies de aves marinas amenazadas que hacen un uso importante de los mismos. Estos proyectos serán llevados a cabo por organismos científicos o en colaboración con ellos. En lo que se refiere al desarrollo del ordenamiento jurídico español y su adaptación a la política de desembarque incluida en la PPC, en la Orden APA/514/2019 se fijan normas para la aplicación de las exenciones a la obligación de desembarque y para la mejora en la selectividad de los artes y se establece la obligación de la SGP de publicar anualmente una resolución que recoja detalladamente en qué casos se podrán aplicar las exenciones de minimis y de supervivencia, además de la flexibilidad interespecies (ver apartado “Breve descripción de los progresos). Otras cuestiones a desarrollar por la SGP en los próximos años en esta materia son: • Campañas para abordar la mejora de la selectividad de los artes de pesca empleados por la flota española. • Estudios y asesoramiento científico acerca de la supervivencia de las especies. • Tareas de control (cámaras a bordo, observadores, etc.).

Se conoce como “descarte pesquero” a aquella parte de la captura que no se retiene a bordo durante una operación de pesca, y es desechada al mar. La reducción de los descartes es un objetivo prioritario de la Política Pesquera Común para garantizar la sostenibilidad de la pesca por sus consecuencias sobre la disponibilidad de los recursos, el impacto medioambiental asociado a las alteraciones sobre los ecosistemas y las ineficiencias que introduce en la actividad pesquera (Kelleher, 2005). La captura y descarte de peces e invertebrados así como la captura de forma accidental de otras especies vulnerables como aves, tortugas y mamíferos marinos y elasmobranquios protegidos, que no son objetivo de la actividad pesquera, afecta también negativamente a la biodiversidad. La Política Pesquera Común (PPC) incluyó en su Reglamento de 2013 la introducción gradual de una prohibición de descarte y obligatoriedad de desembarque para las flotas pesqueras de aguas europeas y determinadas flotas en otras aguas. La obligación de desembarque se introdujo a partir de 2015 y está plenamente en vigor desde enero de 2019. Su objetivo es eliminar o reducir los descartes, fomentando pesquerías más selectivas y evitando capturas no deseadas. Para cumplir con esta obligación, en julio de 2015 se constituyó la “Mesa estatal para la eliminación de los descartes” con representación de sector, administraciones, científicos y ONGs, con tres grupos de trabajo (Aguas Suroccidentales, Aguas Noroccidentales y Mediterráneo) alineados con los grupos regionales de Estados miembros que desarrollan los planes regionales de descartes en la zonas de interés pesqueros para España, que permitió la implementación gradual de las nuevas medidas. En paralelo a esta iniciativa y al amparo del artículo 39 del Reglamento del FEMP, tanto la AGE (a través de la SGP) como las CC. AA. podrán financiar proyectos de innovación relacionados con la conservación de los recursos biológicos marinos, que contribuyan a la eliminación gradual de los descartes, así como proyectos dirigidos a evaluar el impacto de la prohibición de descartes sobre especies de aves marinas amenazadas que hacen un uso importante de los mismos. Estos proyectos serán llevados a cabo por organismos científicos o en colaboración con ellos. En lo que se refiere al desarrollo del ordenamiento jurídico español y su adaptación a la política de desembarque incluida en la PPC, en la Orden APA/514/2019 se fijan normas para la aplicación de las exenciones a la obligación de desembarque y para la mejora en la selectividad de los artes y se establece la obligación de la SGP de publicar anualmente una resolución que recoja detalladamente en qué casos se podrán aplicar las exenciones de minimis y de supervivencia, además de la flexibilidad interespecies (ver apartado “Breve descripción de los progresos). Otras cuestiones a desarrollar por la SGP en los próximos años en esta materia son: • Campañas para abordar la mejora de la selectividad de los artes de pesca empleados por la flota española. • Estudios y asesoramiento científico acerca de la supervivencia de las especies. • Tareas de control (cámaras a bordo, observadores, etc.).

Under priority 1 of Regulation (EU) No 1139/2021 on the European Maritime, Fisheries and Aquaculture Fund, which aims to promote sustainable fisheries and the recovery and conservation of aquatic biological resources, partnerships between fishermen, researchers and other groups involved will be supported through governance and knowledge sharing. In particular, it provides for the possibility of supporting the creation of networks, partnership agreements or partnerships between the different groups of actors involved, scientists and fishermen or one or more fishermen’s organisations, in which technical bodies may participate. The Biodiversity Foundation, in the framework of the pleammar programme (initiative to strengthen the sustainability of the Spanish fisheries and aquaculture sector under the 2014-2020 EMFF Operational Programme and the EMFAF 2021-2027), will co-finance networking projects and transfer within activity type 1.6.3 ‘Promoting research on marine resources and governance systems’. In addition, under the LIFE INTEMARES project, which coordinates the Biodiversity Foundation, action A.7 is foreseen: Preparation and approval of management plans and declaration of new sites, which provides for the declaration of new sites and the implementation of participatory processes for the drawing up and updating of 89 management plans for marine sites in the Natura network under the responsibility of the General State Administration. During these participatory processes, the aim is, as far as possible, to establish ways of working together among all the actors involved in each marine area, including the fisheries sector and the people involved in the field of research.

Under priority 1 of Regulation (EU) No 1139/2021 on the European Maritime, Fisheries and Aquaculture Fund, which aims to promote sustainable fisheries and the recovery and conservation of aquatic biological resources, partnerships between fishermen, researchers and other groups involved will be supported through governance and knowledge sharing. In particular, it provides for the possibility of supporting the creation of networks, partnership agreements or partnerships between the different groups of actors involved, scientists and fishermen or one or more fishermen’s organisations, in which technical bodies may participate. The Biodiversity Foundation, in the framework of the pleammar programme (initiative to strengthen the sustainability of the Spanish fisheries and aquaculture sector under the 2014-2020 EMFF Operational Programme and the EMFAF 2021-2027), will co-finance networking projects and transfer within activity type 1.6.3 ‘Promoting research on marine resources and governance systems’. In addition, under the LIFE INTEMARES project, which coordinates the Biodiversity Foundation, action A.7 is foreseen: Preparation and approval of management plans and declaration of new sites, which provides for the declaration of new sites and the implementation of participatory processes for the drawing up and updating of 89 management plans for marine sites in the Natura network under the responsibility of the General State Administration. During these participatory processes, the aim is, as far as possible, to establish ways of working together among all the actors involved in each marine area, including the fisheries sector and the people involved in the field of research.

Las actuaciones planteadas apoyarán los objetivos de la PPC y de la DMEM en lo relativo a la actividad pesquera sobre especies objetivo y no objetivo. La recopilación de datos, gestión y transmisión permitirá que la pesca y la acuicultura sean sostenibles a largo plazo, proporcionando a los investigadores y a los gestores información que asegure, por un lado, el cumplimiento de las obligaciones en las ORPs, los SFPA (acuerdos de pesca sostenible de la UE con terceros países) y otras convenciones, y, por otro, que la explotación de los recursos biológicos marinos vivos restablezca y mantenga poblaciones en niveles previstos. Se recopilarán datos biológicos, medioambientales, técnicos y socioeconómicos necesarios para una gestión ecosistémica de la pesca, poniéndolos a disposición de usuarios finales. Con todo ello, se evaluará el estado de recursos biológicos marinos explotados, nivel de pesca e impacto de actividades pesqueras en recursos biológicos marinos y ecosistemas, y los resultados socioeconómicos de pesca y acuicultura. Se tomarán medidas para que la recopilación, gestión y uso de los datos sea exacta y fiable, estableciendo mecanismos de coordinación, evitando duplicaciones, garantizando almacenamiento seguro y protección de datos, y transmisión confidencial, pero con disponibilidad para organismos con interés científico o de gestión. Estas actuaciones se recogen en sucesivos Programas de Trabajo que España, en aplicación del Reglamento (UE) 2021/1139, que modifica el Reglamento (UE) 2017/1004, debe presentar a la Comisión para su aprobación previa consulta al STECF. Estos Programas de Trabajo se enmarcan en los sucesivos Programas Operativos del FEMP, siendo la Secretaria General de Pesca (MAPA) la coordinadora nacional ante la Comisión y usuarios finales, así como la responsable de la obtención de las variables transversales recopiladas por las distintas entidades beneficiarias. https://www.mapa.gob.es/es/pesca/temas/fondos-europeos/femp/programa_operativo_FEMP.aspx Para el período 2022-2027, España implementará el Programa Nacional según se establece en la Decisión de Ejecución de la Comisión de 1.2.2022 por la que se aprueba el plan de trabajo de España para la recopilación de datos en el sector de la pesca y la acuicultura en el período 2022-2027. Para el período 2028-2029, las actividades de recopilación de datos se especificarán posteriormente y teniendo en cuenta el marco del DCF (Data Collection Framework) en concordancia con lo establecido en el artículo 25 de la PPC.

Las actuaciones planteadas apoyarán los objetivos de la PPC y de la DMEM en lo relativo a la actividad pesquera sobre especies objetivo y no objetivo. La recopilación de datos, gestión y transmisión permitirá que la pesca y la acuicultura sean sostenibles a largo plazo, proporcionando a los investigadores y a los gestores información que asegure, por un lado, el cumplimiento de las obligaciones en las ORPs, los SFPA (acuerdos de pesca sostenible de la UE con terceros países) y otras convenciones, y, por otro, que la explotación de los recursos biológicos marinos vivos restablezca y mantenga poblaciones en niveles previstos. Se recopilarán datos biológicos, medioambientales, técnicos y socioeconómicos necesarios para una gestión ecosistémica de la pesca, poniéndolos a disposición de usuarios finales. Con todo ello, se evaluará el estado de recursos biológicos marinos explotados, nivel de pesca e impacto de actividades pesqueras en recursos biológicos marinos y ecosistemas, y los resultados socioeconómicos de pesca y acuicultura. Se tomarán medidas para que la recopilación, gestión y uso de los datos sea exacta y fiable, estableciendo mecanismos de coordinación, evitando duplicaciones, garantizando almacenamiento seguro y protección de datos, y transmisión confidencial, pero con disponibilidad para organismos con interés científico o de gestión. Estas actuaciones se recogen en sucesivos Programas de Trabajo que España, en aplicación del Reglamento (UE) 2021/1139, que modifica el Reglamento (UE) 2017/1004, debe presentar a la Comisión para su aprobación previa consulta al STECF. Estos Programas de Trabajo se enmarcan en los sucesivos Programas Operativos del FEMP, siendo la Secretaria General de Pesca (MAPA) la coordinadora nacional ante la Comisión y usuarios finales, así como la responsable de la obtención de las variables transversales recopiladas por las distintas entidades beneficiarias. https://www.mapa.gob.es/es/pesca/temas/fondos-europeos/femp/programa_operativo_FEMP.aspx Para el período 2022-2027, España implementará el Programa Nacional según se establece en la Decisión de Ejecución de la Comisión de 1.2.2022 por la que se aprueba el plan de trabajo de España para la recopilación de datos en el sector de la pesca y la acuicultura en el período 2022-2027. Para el período 2028-2029, las actividades de recopilación de datos se especificarán posteriormente y teniendo en cuenta el marco del DCF (Data Collection Framework) en concordancia con lo establecido en el artículo 25 de la PPC.

El apoyo del FEMPA se prestará a las intervenciones que contribuyan al fortalecimiento de la vigilancia marítima, la consecución de los objetivos del Entorno Común de Intercambio de Información (ECII) y el desarrollo y la aplicación de un régimen de control de la pesca de la Unión Europea, promoviendo en el sector pesquero un control y una observancia eficientes, incluida la lucha contra la pesca INDNR (ilegal, no declarada y no reglamentada). El apoyo se podrá destinar a: a) la adquisición, la instalación y la gestión a bordo de los componentes necesarios para los sistemas obligatorios de seguimiento de buques y de notificación electrónica utilizados a efectos de control; b) la adquisición, la instalación y la gestión a bordo de los componentes necesarios para los sistemas obligatorios de seguimiento electrónico remoto utilizados para controlar la aplicación de la obligación de desembarque a que se refiere el artículo 15 del Reglamento (UE) nº 1380/2013; c) la adquisición, la instalación y la gestión a bordo de los dispositivos para la medición y el registro continuos obligatorios de la potencia del motor de propulsión. Asimismo, se están realizando distintas actuaciones en el marco del Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia (PRTR): a) Plan de ayudas para la digitalización del sector pesquero y acuícola, que incluya: i) ayudas para dispositivos para el envío electrónico de las capturas y para su geolocalización, respecto de buques de menos de 12 metros; y ii) ayudas para la flota pesquera española de buques mayores de 24 metros para la instalación de un sistema de vigilancia mediante cámaras para la vigilancia remota de pesquerías y la lucha contra los descartes. b) Adquisición de soluciones TIC modernas para la vigilancia pesquera, incluido: i) un sistema de registro de capturas con posibilidad de seguimiento de embarcaciones de menos de 12 metros; ii) el establecimiento de un servicio de vuelo de drones para control y vigilancia pesquera y de un sistema de Vigilancia Remota de las capturas de buques pesqueros mayores de 24 metros; y iii) un refuerzo informático de la seguridad del Sistema de Información Pesquero Español (SIPE), a través de la compra de dispositivos y de software (instalación de un segundo cortafuegos). c) Adquisición de cuatro patrulleras para vigilancia pesquera. d) Modernización de tres patrulleros de para vigilancia pesquera. Por otro lado, todas las administraciones de CC. AA. litorales contribuyen de algún modo a la mejora del control y la vigilancia de la actividad pesquera. Estos son algunos de los principales ejemplos: Consultar texto completo en los documentos publicados: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/costas/temas/proteccion-medio-marino/estrategias-marinas/eemm_2dociclo_fase5.aspx

El apoyo del FEMPA se prestará a las intervenciones que contribuyan al fortalecimiento de la vigilancia marítima, la consecución de los objetivos del Entorno Común de Intercambio de Información (ECII) y el desarrollo y la aplicación de un régimen de control de la pesca de la Unión Europea, promoviendo en el sector pesquero un control y una observancia eficientes, incluida la lucha contra la pesca INDNR (ilegal, no declarada y no reglamentada). El apoyo se podrá destinar a: a) la adquisición, la instalación y la gestión a bordo de los componentes necesarios para los sistemas obligatorios de seguimiento de buques y de notificación electrónica utilizados a efectos de control; b) la adquisición, la instalación y la gestión a bordo de los componentes necesarios para los sistemas obligatorios de seguimiento electrónico remoto utilizados para controlar la aplicación de la obligación de desembarque a que se refiere el artículo 15 del Reglamento (UE) nº 1380/2013; c) la adquisición, la instalación y la gestión a bordo de los dispositivos para la medición y el registro continuos obligatorios de la potencia del motor de propulsión. Asimismo, se están realizando distintas actuaciones en el marco del Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia (PRTR): a) Plan de ayudas para la digitalización del sector pesquero y acuícola, que incluya: i) ayudas para dispositivos para el envío electrónico de las capturas y para su geolocalización, respecto de buques de menos de 12 metros; y ii) ayudas para la flota pesquera española de buques mayores de 24 metros para la instalación de un sistema de vigilancia mediante cámaras para la vigilancia remota de pesquerías y la lucha contra los descartes. b) Adquisición de soluciones TIC modernas para la vigilancia pesquera, incluido: i) un sistema de registro de capturas con posibilidad de seguimiento de embarcaciones de menos de 12 metros; ii) el establecimiento de un servicio de vuelo de drones para control y vigilancia pesquera y de un sistema de Vigilancia Remota de las capturas de buques pesqueros mayores de 24 metros; y iii) un refuerzo informático de la seguridad del Sistema de Información Pesquero Español (SIPE), a través de la compra de dispositivos y de software (instalación de un segundo cortafuegos). c) Adquisición de cuatro patrulleras para vigilancia pesquera. d) Modernización de tres patrulleros de para vigilancia pesquera. Por otro lado, todas las administraciones de CC. AA. litorales contribuyen de algún modo a la mejora del control y la vigilancia de la actividad pesquera. Estos son algunos de los principales ejemplos: Consultar texto completo en los documentos publicados: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/costas/temas/proteccion-medio-marino/estrategias-marinas/eemm_2dociclo_fase5.aspx

La redacción participada de los planes de gestión pesquera, con representantes de todas las partes implicadas, pescadores, científicos, organizaciones no gubernamentales y administraciones, permite una gestión adaptativa de las especies de interés comercial, favoreciendo la sostenibilidad de los ecosistemas marinos y preservando la actividad pesquera profesional y las buenas prácticas del sector.

La redacción participada de los planes de gestión pesquera, con representantes de todas las partes implicadas, pescadores, científicos, organizaciones no gubernamentales y administraciones, permite una gestión adaptativa de las especies de interés comercial, favoreciendo la sostenibilidad de los ecosistemas marinos y preservando la actividad pesquera profesional y las buenas prácticas del sector.

Title III of Law 41/2010 of 29 December on the protection of the marine environment, on the ‘Network of Marine Protected Areas and the Conservation of Marine Species and Habitats’, establishes RAMPE, defines its objectives, the types of areas included in the Network and provides, in Article 29, that the RAMPE Master Plan will be the basic coordination tool for achieving the objectives of RAMPE. RAMPE must form a coherent and well-managed network of marine protected areas in Spanish waters, with the aim of ensuring the protection, conservation and restoration of Spain’s natural heritage and marine biodiversity. RAMPE shall consist of protected areas located in the Spanish marine environment, representative of the marine natural heritage, irrespective of whether its declaration and management are regulated by international, Community and State rules. Similarly, areas whose declaration and management are regulated by Autonomous Community rules may be included in the network if there is ecological continuity between the marine ecosystem and the terrestrial nature area to be protected. According to the law, the RAMPE Master Plan shall include at least: a. The strategic objectives of the Network of Marine Protected Areas for the duration of the Master Plan (10 years), as well as the programming of the actions to be carried out by the Network to achieve them. b. The objectives to be achieved in terms of cooperation and cooperation with other administrations or bodies, both at national and international level. The guidelines for the planning and conservation of Marine Protected Areas. d. The network’s common actions programme, and the procedures for its continuous monitoring and evaluation. The Master Plan must be approved by royal decree. This measure corresponds to measure PB2 of the Maritime Spatial Planning Plans (BP2). Approval and development of the Spanish Marine Protected Areas Network).

Title III of Law 41/2010 of 29 December on the protection of the marine environment, on the ‘Network of Marine Protected Areas and the Conservation of Marine Species and Habitats’, establishes RAMPE, defines its objectives, the types of areas included in the Network and provides, in Article 29, that the RAMPE Master Plan will be the basic coordination tool for achieving the objectives of RAMPE. RAMPE must form a coherent and well-managed network of marine protected areas in Spanish waters, with the aim of ensuring the protection, conservation and restoration of Spain’s natural heritage and marine biodiversity. RAMPE shall consist of protected areas located in the Spanish marine environment, representative of the marine natural heritage, irrespective of whether its declaration and management are regulated by international, Community and State rules. Similarly, areas whose declaration and management are regulated by Autonomous Community rules may be included in the network if there is ecological continuity between the marine ecosystem and the terrestrial nature area to be protected. According to the law, the RAMPE Master Plan shall include at least: a. The strategic objectives of the Network of Marine Protected Areas for the duration of the Master Plan (10 years), as well as the programming of the actions to be carried out by the Network to achieve them. b. The objectives to be achieved in terms of cooperation and cooperation with other administrations or bodies, both at national and international level. The guidelines for the planning and conservation of Marine Protected Areas. d. The network’s common actions programme, and the procedures for its continuous monitoring and evaluation. The Master Plan must be approved by royal decree. This measure corresponds to measure PB2 of the Maritime Spatial Planning Plans (BP2). Approval and development of the Spanish Marine Protected Areas Network).

Within this measure, a strategy will be developed for communication, stakeholder involvement and public awareness in the framework of marine strategies. To this end, work will be carried out on visibility at national level, promoting awareness of these through: • Web dissemination plan, social media, digital platforms or other forms of communication, including institutional image design. • Quarterly newsletter containing news on actions to protect the sea (marine strategies, Maritime Spatial Planning Plans (MEPOs), actions by the ACs. Projects from the Biodiversity Foundation’s PLEAMAR programme, etc.). • Design of digital dissemination material for Marine Strategies: logo, technical summaries, social media outreach graphic material, etc.• Graphic editing of official documents from the 5 stages of marine strategies for publication in digital format. • Creation of a photo library, which will include at least the photographs obtained in the campaigns funded by MITECO. • Videos on specific aspects of marine strategy phases: Monitoring programmes? Concrete measures. Coastal peripheral services will be available for the implementation of the measure, in order to make the visibility and dissemination strategy more effective to coastal areas.

Dentro de esta medida, se desarrollará una estrategia dirigida a la comunicación, participación de los interesados y concienciación del público en el marco de las estrategias marinas. Para ello se trabajará en la visibilidad en el ámbito nacional, promoviendo el conocimiento de las mismas a través de: • Plan de difusión a través de la web, redes sociales, plataformas digitales u otras formas de comunicación, incluyendo diseño de imagen institucional. • Boletín trimestral (newsletter) que incluya noticias sobre actuaciones de protección del mar (estrategias marinas, Planes de Ordenación del Espacio Marítimo (POEM), actuaciones de las CC. AA., proyectos del programa PLEAMAR de la Fundación Biodiversidad, etc.). • Diseño de material divulgativo digital de Estrategias Marinas: logo, resúmenes técnicos, material gráfico de divulgación en redes sociales, etc. • Edición gráfica de los documentos oficiales de las 5 fases de estrategias marinas para su publicación en formato digital. • Creación de fototeca, que incluirá al menos las fotografías obtenidas en las campañas financiadas por el MITECO. • Vídeos sobre aspectos concretos de las fases de estrategias marinas:  Programas de seguimiento  Medidas concretas. Se contará con los servicios periféricos de costas para la implementación de la medida, con el objeto de hacer llegar de forma más eficaz la estrategia de visibilidad y difusión a las zonas costeras.

This measure aims to enhance education in marine environmental aspects, making it accessible to the school population. To this end, the following work will be carried out: Review and adaptation of existing educational material and creation of new educational material: there is a great diversity of information and educational material relating to the marine environment, the exploitation and use of which should be strengthened. A review of all existing material from various online sources, including the REEDUCAMAR portal, will be carried out with a view to selecting the most suitable for a school campaign. If a lack of educational material is detected in relation to a particular topic of interest, the design of the material will be carried out. Campaign development: a campaign for schoolchildren will be carried out, with a fair distribution throughout Spain. In addition, an annual school competition related to the protection of the marine environment will be held to support the campaign.

A través de esta medida se pretende potenciar la educación en los aspectos ambientales marinos, de manera que sea accesible para la población escolar. Para ello se realizarán los siguientes trabajos:  Revisión y adaptación de material educativo existente, y creación de nuevo material educativo: existe gran diversidad de material divulgativo y educativo relativo al medio marino, cuya explotación y utilización debe reforzarse. Se realizará una revisión del conjunto de material existente en diversas fuentes online, incluido el portal REEDUCAMAR, con vistas a seleccionar el más adecuado para la realización de una campaña de escolares. En caso de detectarse la falta de material educativo en relación a algún tema en particular que sea de interés se llevará a cabo el diseño del mismo.  Desarrollo de campaña: se desarrollará una campaña para escolares, con un reparto equitativo en la totalidad del territorio español. Además, se llevará a cabo un concurso escolar anual relacionado con la protección del medio marino para dar soporte a la campaña.

The aim of this measure is to bring together a series of training activities which are intended to be carried out in different economic and social sectors and which have a twofold objective: • Improving existing knowledge of the marine environment in sectors which are users of the marine environment and which, through its actions, can make a significant contribution to improving the environmental status of the marine environment. • Preparation and technical development of staff, from the administration or from the private sector, who perform routine tasks related to the protection of the marine environment (training of managers). Therefore, on the basis of the two priority objectives to be achieved under this measure, it is planned to carry out awareness-raising and awareness-raising activities specifically aimed at: • Training of workers in the sector as fishermen and on-board observers on protocols and good practices aimed at reducing the impacts of incidental catches (reduction of post-release mortality, proper implementation of protocols, etc.) (Action 1, related to measures BIO09, BIO12 and BIO58). • Training of managers on emerging issues in the field of marine environmental protection, both stranding network staff, coastal guards, environmental agents, AGE and CC officials. AA. (Action 2). Under this measure: Consult full text in published documents: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/costas/temas/proteccion-medio-marino/estrategias-marinas/eemm_2dociclo_fase5.aspx

The aim of this measure is to bring together a series of training activities which are intended to be carried out in different economic and social sectors and which have a twofold objective: • Improving existing knowledge of the marine environment in sectors which are users of the marine environment and which, through its actions, can make a significant contribution to improving the environmental status of the marine environment. • Preparation and technical development of staff, from the administration or from the private sector, who perform routine tasks related to the protection of the marine environment (training of managers). Therefore, on the basis of the two priority objectives to be achieved under this measure, it is planned to carry out awareness-raising and awareness-raising activities specifically aimed at: • Training of workers in the sector as fishermen and on-board observers on protocols and good practices aimed at reducing the impacts of incidental catches (reduction of post-release mortality, proper implementation of protocols, etc.) (Action 1, related to measures BIO09, BIO12 and BIO58). • Training of managers on emerging issues in the field of marine environmental protection, both stranding network staff, coastal guards, environmental agents, AGE and CC officials. AA. (Action 2). Under this measure: Consult full text in published documents: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/costas/temas/proteccion-medio-marino/estrategias-marinas/eemm_2dociclo_fase5.aspx

The need to raise civil society’s awareness of the main marine environmental problems has been recognised in different fora, as well as the desirability of targeted actions for different economic sectors operating at sea: fishermen, nautical and recreational enterprises, diving boats, beach users, etc. This measure provides for a set of awareness-raising actions focusing on issues such as the conservation of marine biodiversity, the impact of fishing and recreational activities on the marine environment, marine litter, etc. to facilitate the involvement of society and the collective users of the marine environment. This measure will include, inter alia, the DGCM to carry out the following activities. Consult full text in published documents: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/costas/temas/proteccion-medio-marino/estrategias-marinas/eemm_2dociclo_fase5.aspx

The need to raise civil society’s awareness of the main marine environmental problems has been recognised in different fora, as well as the desirability of targeted actions for different economic sectors operating at sea: fishermen, nautical and recreational enterprises, diving boats, beach users, etc. This measure provides for a set of awareness-raising actions focusing on issues such as the conservation of marine biodiversity, the impact of fishing and recreational activities on the marine environment, marine litter, etc. to facilitate the involvement of society and the collective users of the marine environment. This measure will include, inter alia, the DGCM to carry out the following activities. Consult full text in published documents: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/costas/temas/proteccion-medio-marino/estrategias-marinas/eemm_2dociclo_fase5.aspx

The Biodiversity Foundation (BF), through the Green Jobs Programme, boosts innovative entrepreneurship and the creation of new green businesses. The FB is the intermediate body for the Operational Programme Employment, Training and Education (POEFE) of the European Social Fund 2014-2020 and, among its objectives, aims to boost employment and green entrepreneurship. Between 2017 and 2023, the programme manages EUR 47 million. Work is ongoing to make the Biodiversity Foundation a new Intermediate Body in the new programming period 2021-2027 and the type of actions to be taken for the new period under the ESF is currently being defined. The Green Employment Programme is implemented mainly through two mechanisms: Annual calls for support aimed, inter alia, at improving the skills of entrepreneurs and encouraging the creation of new businesses and self-employment initiatives in sectors related to the blue economy (fisheries, tourism, waste, industry, etc.), as well as in the environment of Natura 2000 sites. All of this, through training courses, mentors and social innovation actions to encourage the creation of viable businesses in activities linked to the environment. They may include visits to established initiatives, attendance at fairs or meetings involving reference companies from the marine sector, stays in pre-incubators, incubators and accelerators with support services. Face-to-face learning meetings are also envisaged to encourage the transfer of knowledge, the sharing of experience and the channelling of investment between entrepreneurs, sectoral experts and investors from the Member States involved in the project. On the other hand, the Green Entrepreneurship Network, a green entrepreneurship support community with more than 10.000 users, carries out innovative actions specialised in supporting the creation of new businesses such as training pathways, mentoring and online advice for new entrepreneurial projects that want to contribute to green recovery and preserve biodiversity. In addition, to support them in increasing their network of contacts and to give visibility and dissemination to their business. All actions are targeted at entrepreneurs, as both workers and unemployed people who want to set up a business are considered as entrepreneurs and particular attention will be paid to the following priority social groups: women, people living in rural areas or protected areas, young people up to 35, over 45 years of age, immigrants and people with disabilities. Under Action C10 to Promote Entrepreneurship in Marine RN 2000 of the LIFE INTEMARES project coordinated by the Biodiversity Foundation, an analysis of the situation of green entrepreneurship in the marine environment and support for its promotion has been carried out, with the aim of promoting sustainable business initiatives in a blue economy, based on the potential offered by marine Natura 2000 sites. To this end, the following has been carried out: • Identification of initiatives supporting marine green entrepreneurship at international and national level: identify which initiatives exist at international and national level to support green entrepreneurship linked to the marine environment or which have the potential to be able to support initiatives in this area in Spain. • SWOT analysis of the ecosystem supporting green entrepreneurship in the marine environment in Spain. • Design of a roadmap to support green entrepreneurship in the marine environment in Spain. • List of proposals for green entrepreneurship activities at local level for areas adjacent to marine Natura 2000 sites in Spain

The Biodiversity Foundation (BF), through the Green Jobs Programme, boosts innovative entrepreneurship and the creation of new green businesses. The FB is the intermediate body for the Operational Programme Employment, Training and Education (POEFE) of the European Social Fund 2014-2020 and, among its objectives, aims to boost employment and green entrepreneurship. Between 2017 and 2023, the programme manages EUR 47 million. Work is ongoing to make the Biodiversity Foundation a new Intermediate Body in the new programming period 2021-2027 and the type of actions to be taken for the new period under the ESF is currently being defined. The Green Employment Programme is implemented mainly through two mechanisms: Annual calls for support aimed, inter alia, at improving the skills of entrepreneurs and encouraging the creation of new businesses and self-employment initiatives in sectors related to the blue economy (fisheries, tourism, waste, industry, etc.), as well as in the environment of Natura 2000 sites. All of this, through training courses, mentors and social innovation actions to encourage the creation of viable businesses in activities linked to the environment. They may include visits to established initiatives, attendance at fairs or meetings involving reference companies from the marine sector, stays in pre-incubators, incubators and accelerators with support services. Face-to-face learning meetings are also envisaged to encourage the transfer of knowledge, the sharing of experience and the channelling of investment between entrepreneurs, sectoral experts and investors from the Member States involved in the project. On the other hand, the Green Entrepreneurship Network, a green entrepreneurship support community with more than 10.000 users, carries out innovative actions specialised in supporting the creation of new businesses such as training pathways, mentoring and online advice for new entrepreneurial projects that want to contribute to green recovery and preserve biodiversity. In addition, to support them in increasing their network of contacts and to give visibility and dissemination to their business. All actions are targeted at entrepreneurs, as both workers and unemployed people who want to set up a business are considered as entrepreneurs and particular attention will be paid to the following priority social groups: women, people living in rural areas or protected areas, young people up to 35, over 45 years of age, immigrants and people with disabilities. Under Action C10 to Promote Entrepreneurship in Marine RN 2000 of the LIFE INTEMARES project coordinated by the Biodiversity Foundation, an analysis of the situation of green entrepreneurship in the marine environment and support for its promotion has been carried out, with the aim of promoting sustainable business initiatives in a blue economy, based on the potential offered by marine Natura 2000 sites. To this end, the following has been carried out: • Identification of initiatives supporting marine green entrepreneurship at international and national level: identify which initiatives exist at international and national level to support green entrepreneurship linked to the marine environment or which have the potential to be able to support initiatives in this area in Spain. • SWOT analysis of the ecosystem supporting green entrepreneurship in the marine environment in Spain. • Design of a roadmap to support green entrepreneurship in the marine environment in Spain. • List of proposals for green entrepreneurship activities at local level for areas adjacent to marine Natura 2000 sites in Spain

Inter-administrative coordination is essential in order to optimise the results of the efforts invested in the monitoring and management of the marine environment, as there are a number of competences assigned to different State and Autonomous Community bodies. Marine strategies and maritime specialty management plans are the result of intense inter-administrative coordination, for which the official tools of the Interministerial Committee on Marine Strategies and the Marine Strategies Monitoring Committees have been used. However, in order to speed up this coordination at technical level, it is considered necessary to facilitate and speed up communication between the authorities’ technicians. To this end, it is proposed to set up a series of thematic working groups to meet regularly, with a dedicated online communication system allowing interaction through forums and consultation of documentation in ad hoc repositories. These themes will be: D1/D6.Hábitats – D1. Species – D2. Non-indigenous Invasoras Species – D3. Commercial species. — D5. Eutrophication – D8. Pollution – D10. Marine litter – Human activities and associated pressures. Furthermore, in the context of the implementation of Directive 2014/89/EU (Directive establishing a framework for maritime spatial planning), with a view to drawing up Spanish Maritime Spatial Planning Plans (MEPP), a series of ad hoc working groups were established with representatives of both the AGE and the ACs. AA. to address issues such as underwater cultural heritage; protected marine spaces, marine renewable energy, nautical and recreational activities and benthic habitats, port activity, navigation and collisions with cetaceans. Once the MEPPs have been approved, and for their correct implementation, it is hoped to continue those of these groups considered necessary, as well as to create new groups according to the needs identified. To this end, the MEOP includes measure OEM5: setting up working groups to address planning issues with appropriate detail and scale. The platform shall in any case be open to the establishment of other possible thematic working groups, at state or demarcation level, or at more specific geographical levels if deemed necessary.

Inter-administrative coordination is essential in order to optimise the results of the efforts invested in the monitoring and management of the marine environment, as there are a number of competences assigned to different State and Autonomous Community bodies. Marine strategies and maritime specialty management plans are the result of intense inter-administrative coordination, for which the official tools of the Interministerial Committee on Marine Strategies and the Marine Strategies Monitoring Committees have been used. However, in order to speed up this coordination at technical level, it is considered necessary to facilitate and speed up communication between the authorities’ technicians. To this end, it is proposed to set up a series of thematic working groups to meet regularly, with a dedicated online communication system allowing interaction through forums and consultation of documentation in ad hoc repositories. These themes will be: D1/D6.Hábitats – D1. Species – D2. Non-indigenous Invasoras Species – D3. Commercial species. — D5. Eutrophication – D8. Pollution – D10. Marine litter – Human activities and associated pressures. Furthermore, in the context of the implementation of Directive 2014/89/EU (Directive establishing a framework for maritime spatial planning), with a view to drawing up Spanish Maritime Spatial Planning Plans (MEPP), a series of ad hoc working groups were established with representatives of both the AGE and the ACs. AA. to address issues such as underwater cultural heritage; protected marine spaces, marine renewable energy, nautical and recreational activities and benthic habitats, port activity, navigation and collisions with cetaceans. Once the MEPPs have been approved, and for their correct implementation, it is hoped to continue those of these groups considered necessary, as well as to create new groups according to the needs identified. To this end, the MEOP includes measure OEM5: setting up working groups to address planning issues with appropriate detail and scale. The platform shall in any case be open to the establishment of other possible thematic working groups, at state or demarcation level, or at more specific geographical levels if deemed necessary.

A public mobile application shall be developed with which information on elements of the physical environment, marine ecosystems, uses of the sea and their restrictions and existing management provisions can be accessed in an easy and accessible manner by sea users and any citizen. The application will be linked to INFOMAR, a consultation tool or access to information on various aspects of the marine environment generated by Spanish entities (see measure H24), and will consist of a viewer that makes it possible to visualise general maps on bathymetry, coastlines, elements of the Public Maritime Domain, etc. The application will also display geo-referenced information collected as part of marine strategy monitoring programmes, such as benthic habitats, marine species, non-indigenous species or the main pressures on the marine environment (pollution, nutrient input, etc.). The application will also collect information on uses and activities in the marine environment obtained in the MEOP process. Accessibility of information to all stakeholders is one of the keys to facilitating planning, increasing certainty for developers and users, and also facilitating compliance with the provisions of the MEOP.

A public mobile application shall be developed with which information on elements of the physical environment, marine ecosystems, uses of the sea and their restrictions and existing management provisions can be accessed in an easy and accessible manner by sea users and any citizen. The application will be linked to INFOMAR, a consultation tool or access to information on various aspects of the marine environment generated by Spanish entities (see measure H24), and will consist of a viewer that makes it possible to visualise general maps on bathymetry, coastlines, elements of the Public Maritime Domain, etc. The application will also display geo-referenced information collected as part of marine strategy monitoring programmes, such as benthic habitats, marine species, non-indigenous species or the main pressures on the marine environment (pollution, nutrient input, etc.). The application will also collect information on uses and activities in the marine environment obtained in the MEOP process. Accessibility of information to all stakeholders is one of the keys to facilitating planning, increasing certainty for developers and users, and also facilitating compliance with the provisions of the MEOP.

Strengthening surveillance and monitoring in the marine environment with the launch of 10 teams of 4-5 people with access to vessels to monitor and raise information on the marine environment for better management. This monitoring will focus on human activities taking place in the coastal and marine environment, and monitoring of regulations by sea users. This plan to strengthen monitoring, coordinated with the work of the environmental agents of DGBBD and the environmental agents in the coastal districts of MITECO, will promote compliance with the legislation on the protection of the marine environment, as well as increase knowledge of the intensity and location of human activities at sea and the pressures that they generate, information that may be used for the implementation of European directives and national and regional legislation relating to the protection of the sea. These teams shall be located on the coast, in particular in the following districts: North Atlantic demarcation (3 teams); South Atlantic demarcation and Estrecho and Alboran (1 equipment), levantno-Balearic demarcation (4 equipment), Canary Islands demarcation (1 equipment). The coordination of the actions of these teams and agents shall be organised by means of internal instructions for the monitoring and surveillance of matters governed by Law 41/2010 of 29 December 1995 on the protection of the marine environment.

Strengthening surveillance and monitoring in the marine environment with the launch of 10 teams of 4-5 people with access to vessels to monitor and raise information on the marine environment for better management. This monitoring will focus on human activities taking place in the coastal and marine environment, and monitoring of regulations by sea users. This plan to strengthen monitoring, coordinated with the work of the environmental agents of DGBBD and the environmental agents in the coastal districts of MITECO, will promote compliance with the legislation on the protection of the marine environment, as well as increase knowledge of the intensity and location of human activities at sea and the pressures that they generate, information that may be used for the implementation of European directives and national and regional legislation relating to the protection of the sea. These teams shall be located on the coast, in particular in the following districts: North Atlantic demarcation (3 teams); South Atlantic demarcation and Estrecho and Alboran (1 equipment), levantno-Balearic demarcation (4 equipment), Canary Islands demarcation (1 equipment). The coordination of the actions of these teams and agents shall be organised by means of internal instructions for the monitoring and surveillance of matters governed by Law 41/2010 of 29 December 1995 on the protection of the marine environment.

Royal Decree 363/2017 of 8 April 2007 establishing a framework for maritime spatial planning provides that MEPPs must consider ‘the elements included among the lists or additional ones that must form part of the green infrastructure referred to in Article 15 of Law 42/2007 of 13 December 1992 on Natural Heritage and Biodiversity’. Once the National Strategy for Green Infrastructure and Ecological Connectivity and Restoration (EIV) had been approved, the DGCM carried out a specific study to define the set of elements that make up marine green infrastructure, taking into account the provisions of that strategy. On the basis of this preliminary identification, work will be carried out, with the support of scientific institutions, on their identification, mapping, and incorporation into the upcoming spatial analyses carried out in the field of MEOP. This measure is also provided for in the Maritime Spatial Planning Plans, as measure OEM3.

Royal Decree 363/2017 of 8 April 2007 establishing a framework for maritime spatial planning provides that MEPPs must consider ‘the elements included among the lists or additional ones that must form part of the green infrastructure referred to in Article 15 of Law 42/2007 of 13 December 1992 on Natural Heritage and Biodiversity’. Once the National Strategy for Green Infrastructure and Ecological Connectivity and Restoration (EIV) had been approved, the DGCM carried out a specific study to define the set of elements that make up marine green infrastructure, taking into account the provisions of that strategy. On the basis of this preliminary identification, work will be carried out, with the support of scientific institutions, on their identification, mapping, and incorporation into the upcoming spatial analyses carried out in the field of MEOP. This measure is also provided for in the Maritime Spatial Planning Plans, as measure OEM3.

The main purpose of Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP), regulated by Directive 2014/89/EU and transposed into Spanish law by Royal Decree 363/2017 of 8 April 2007 establishing a framework for maritime spatial planning, is to promote the sustainable growth of maritime economies, the sustainable development of marine areas and the sustainable use of marine resources, through the development of spatial plans. In Spain, the Maritime Spatial Planning Plans (MEPP) have been developed in close coordination with marine strategies, given the synergies between the two planning tools. The Royal Decree governing the MEPP itself has been conceived as a normative implementation of Article 4 (2) (f) of Law 41/2010. These plans constitute a guideline common to all Marine Strategies and therefore share environmental objectives and certain measures. In addition to the measures, the MEOP establish zoning of marine space for the prioritisation of activities, as well as criteria associated with such zoning, so as to ensure the compatibility of the conservation and development of the various sectors of the blue economy.

The main purpose of Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP), regulated by Directive 2014/89/EU and transposed into Spanish law by Royal Decree 363/2017 of 8 April 2007 establishing a framework for maritime spatial planning, is to promote the sustainable growth of maritime economies, the sustainable development of marine areas and the sustainable use of marine resources, through the development of spatial plans. In Spain, the Maritime Spatial Planning Plans (MEPP) have been developed in close coordination with marine strategies, given the synergies between the two planning tools. The Royal Decree governing the MEPP itself has been conceived as a normative implementation of Article 4 (2) (f) of Law 41/2010. These plans constitute a guideline common to all Marine Strategies and therefore share environmental objectives and certain measures. In addition to the measures, the MEOP establish zoning of marine space for the prioritisation of activities, as well as criteria associated with such zoning, so as to ensure the compatibility of the conservation and development of the various sectors of the blue economy.

There is a clear need to increase the involvement of civil society in the design and development of environmental policies. The involvement of stakeholders and stakeholders affected by these policies not only helps to raise awareness of environmental problems and challenges, but also substantially improves the effectiveness of the measures adopted, given that society is more likely to accept them, as they have taken part in their proposal. This measure therefore proposes a strategy for participation in the implementation of the maritime spatial planning directives and the marine strategy, focusing on the various economic sectors operating at sea and on civil society. Under this measure, the DGCM will carry out activities such as participatory workshops, meetings, dissemination and outreach days, surveys, among others, as well as the creation of a common participatory online platform for marine strategies and maritime spatial planning, which will also support the inter-administrative coordination of both plans. During the preparation of the strategy, the activities to be finally developed and their timetable will be identified in detail. In addition, peripheral coastal services will be available for the implementation of the measure, with the aim of adopting a more appropriate approach in each area.

There is a clear need to increase the involvement of civil society in the design and development of environmental policies. The involvement of stakeholders and stakeholders affected by these policies not only helps to raise awareness of environmental problems and challenges, but also substantially improves the effectiveness of the measures adopted, given that society is more likely to accept them, as they have taken part in their proposal. This measure therefore proposes a strategy for participation in the implementation of the maritime spatial planning directives and the marine strategy, focusing on the various economic sectors operating at sea and on civil society. Under this measure, the DGCM will carry out activities such as participatory workshops, meetings, dissemination and outreach days, surveys, among others, as well as the creation of a common participatory online platform for marine strategies and maritime spatial planning, which will also support the inter-administrative coordination of both plans. During the preparation of the strategy, the activities to be finally developed and their timetable will be identified in detail. In addition, peripheral coastal services will be available for the implementation of the measure, with the aim of adopting a more appropriate approach in each area.

The measure will be to promote projects to support networks for the exchange of information and experience, through calls for grants. In addition, the use of existing knowledge will be encouraged through the exchange of experience in coordination with the Nature Data Bank and through a call for tenders complementing the scope of the milestones of the Recovery and Resilience Plan (component 4 and investment 1) for the implementation of the biodiversity knowledge management and monitoring system. The EMFAF, under priority P1 – Promoting sustainable fisheries and the recovery and conservation of aquatic biological resources, provides for the implementation of actions linked to the type of activity 1.6.3 Promoting research on marine resources and governance systems, within which the possibility of supporting, in the area of governance and knowledge exchange, partnerships between fishermen, researchers and other groups involved is considered. In particular, support will be given to: (c) the creation of networks, partnership agreements or partnerships between the different groups of actors involved, scientists and fishermen or one or more organisations of fishermen, in which technical bodies may participate; (D) activities carried out in the framework of the networks, association agreements or associations referred to in point (a).

The measure will be to promote projects to support networks for the exchange of information and experience, through calls for grants. In addition, the use of existing knowledge will be encouraged through the exchange of experience in coordination with the Nature Data Bank and through a call for tenders complementing the scope of the milestones of the Recovery and Resilience Plan (component 4 and investment 1) for the implementation of the biodiversity knowledge management and monitoring system. The EMFAF, under priority P1 – Promoting sustainable fisheries and the recovery and conservation of aquatic biological resources, provides for the implementation of actions linked to the type of activity 1.6.3 Promoting research on marine resources and governance systems, within which the possibility of supporting, in the area of governance and knowledge exchange, partnerships between fishermen, researchers and other groups involved is considered. In particular, support will be given to: (c) the creation of networks, partnership agreements or partnerships between the different groups of actors involved, scientists and fishermen or one or more organisations of fishermen, in which technical bodies may participate; (D) activities carried out in the framework of the networks, association agreements or associations referred to in point (a).

Protecting the marine environment requires increasing our knowledge of it, gathering as much information as possible on its bathymetry, geology, ecosystems, processes and relationships between its elements. Data collection in the marine environment is costly, most of which is carried out by different institutions and administrative and scientific organisations, through regular monitoring and ad hoc projects. It is essential that existing information is accessible to public administration bodies using marine data for the exercise of their competences, in order to avoid duplication of expenditure and effort, and to optimise the cost-effectiveness of the data for preservation and science. Much of this information can also be useful for maritime sectors and sea users. This is why a common strategy for the management, storage and accessibility of information obtained through research projects is proposed, which, in addition to helping to bring together and consolidate collaboration between institutions, is essential in order to boost the quality of science and provide services to society. The main objective of this strategy will be the creation of a Marine Data Infrastructure (MDI). The general objective is to respond to the needs of the implementation of the MSFD in Spain by harmonising and integrating for the time being the existing marine data infrastructures in the IEO (CSIC), UTM, SOCIB and other research institutions or centres to converge in creating a single, distributed and multidisciplinary infrastructure for marine spatial data. In order to meet this general objective, the following specific objectives are defined: • Analyse existing information and harmonise the life cycles of each institution’s data, in line with the standards and best practices included in the data management plans at European and international level. • Creation of a web portal that includes a complete catalogue of national marine data that distributes existing data in each institution and allows data of different kinds to be integrated while preserving their possible source interrelationship. • Drawing up plans for the management and preservation of data for each institution, including the institutional data policy following international standards. • Creation of mechanisms to allow the distribution of data to the main international portals. This will be a common interface for searching for and accessing marine data acquired on different platforms, integrating the main marine data management infrastructures of the IEO Data Centres, the UTM and ICTS SOCIB in order to capitalise on and showcase what already exists. This ensures integration at the level of data resources and IT resources that can include data from other institutions. In addition, this task will enable the development of the Marine Data Infrastructure concept that has been proposed and agreed within the ICES Working Group on Marine Data (Interministerial Commission on Marine Strategies), coordinated by the IEO-CSIC.

Protecting the marine environment requires increasing our knowledge of it, gathering as much information as possible on its bathymetry, geology, ecosystems, processes and relationships between its elements. Data collection in the marine environment is costly, most of which is carried out by different institutions and administrative and scientific organisations, through regular monitoring and ad hoc projects. It is essential that existing information is accessible to public administration bodies using marine data for the exercise of their competences, in order to avoid duplication of expenditure and effort, and to optimise the cost-effectiveness of the data for preservation and science. Much of this information can also be useful for maritime sectors and sea users. This is why a common strategy for the management, storage and accessibility of information obtained through research projects is proposed, which, in addition to helping to bring together and consolidate collaboration between institutions, is essential in order to boost the quality of science and provide services to society. The main objective of this strategy will be the creation of a Marine Data Infrastructure (MDI). The general objective is to respond to the needs of the implementation of the MSFD in Spain by harmonising and integrating for the time being the existing marine data infrastructures in the IEO (CSIC), UTM, SOCIB and other research institutions or centres to converge in creating a single, distributed and multidisciplinary infrastructure for marine spatial data. In order to meet this general objective, the following specific objectives are defined: • Analyse existing information and harmonise the life cycles of each institution’s data, in line with the standards and best practices included in the data management plans at European and international level. • Creation of a web portal that includes a complete catalogue of national marine data that distributes existing data in each institution and allows data of different kinds to be integrated while preserving their possible source interrelationship. • Drawing up plans for the management and preservation of data for each institution, including the institutional data policy following international standards. • Creation of mechanisms to allow the distribution of data to the main international portals. This will be a common interface for searching for and accessing marine data acquired on different platforms, integrating the main marine data management infrastructures of the IEO Data Centres, the UTM and ICTS SOCIB in order to capitalise on and showcase what already exists. This ensures integration at the level of data resources and IT resources that can include data from other institutions. In addition, this task will enable the development of the Marine Data Infrastructure concept that has been proposed and agreed within the ICES Working Group on Marine Data (Interministerial Commission on Marine Strategies), coordinated by the IEO-CSIC.

Infomar is a Marine Environment Information System launched by the DGCM in collaboration with CEDEX-CEPYC, which serves as a tool for consultation or access to information on various aspects of the marine environment generated by Spanish entities. INFOMAR’s publicly accessible website is divided into four blocks: • A cartographic viewer that makes it possible to visualise spatial data sets collected in compliance with European directives (Marine Strategies, Maritime Spatial Planning, Habitats, Birds) and international conventions relating to the marine environment (OSPAR, Barcelona), among other instruments. • Metadata catalogue of marine datasets collected by different administrations and other organisations. • Datasets generated for the initial assessment of marine strategies and data sets emanating from the monitoring programmes defined under this management tool. • Access to forms created to enable the entry of data on the marine environment between the different competent authorities. The purpose of INFOMAR is to support the DGCM in managing data on the marine environment, updating it and displaying it through the map viewer, as well as in reporting the data to the European Commission and the EEA, as well as making available to the general public the environmental information generated to comply with European directives (MSFD, Habitats Directive, MSP Directive, etc.) and international conventions (OSPAR and Barcelona). CEDEX-CEPYC, under the leadership of the DGCM, started developing INFOMAR in 2019 and is currently working on improving and fully developing the platform’s website. It is planned that the most relevant technical barriers will have been resolved during this six-year cycle and that all the functionalities required by the DGCM will have been developed. As regards the last block, the data entry forms, it is envisaged that forms will be added throughout this cycle so that the authorities (Autonomous Community or State) responsible for marine strategy monitoring programmes provide information falling within their remit directly to INFOMAR. In this way, the aim is to facilitate the two-way exchange of information and access to data for the various authorities, and to make it easier for the DGCM to centralise and report the data to the European Commission, in compliance with the MSFD.

Infomar is a Marine Environment Information System launched by the DGCM in collaboration with CEDEX-CEPYC, which serves as a tool for consultation or access to information on various aspects of the marine environment generated by Spanish entities. INFOMAR’s publicly accessible website is divided into four blocks: • A cartographic viewer that makes it possible to visualise spatial data sets collected in compliance with European directives (Marine Strategies, Maritime Spatial Planning, Habitats, Birds) and international conventions relating to the marine environment (OSPAR, Barcelona), among other instruments. • Metadata catalogue of marine datasets collected by different administrations and other organisations. • Datasets generated for the initial assessment of marine strategies and data sets emanating from the monitoring programmes defined under this management tool. • Access to forms created to enable the entry of data on the marine environment between the different competent authorities. The purpose of INFOMAR is to support the DGCM in managing data on the marine environment, updating it and displaying it through the map viewer, as well as in reporting the data to the European Commission and the EEA, as well as making available to the general public the environmental information generated to comply with European directives (MSFD, Habitats Directive, MSP Directive, etc.) and international conventions (OSPAR and Barcelona). CEDEX-CEPYC, under the leadership of the DGCM, started developing INFOMAR in 2019 and is currently working on improving and fully developing the platform’s website. It is planned that the most relevant technical barriers will have been resolved during this six-year cycle and that all the functionalities required by the DGCM will have been developed. As regards the last block, the data entry forms, it is envisaged that forms will be added throughout this cycle so that the authorities (Autonomous Community or State) responsible for marine strategy monitoring programmes provide information falling within their remit directly to INFOMAR. In this way, the aim is to facilitate the two-way exchange of information and access to data for the various authorities, and to make it easier for the DGCM to centralise and report the data to the European Commission, in compliance with the MSFD.

Citizen science is a powerful, innovative and effective tool to promote the changes needed in our society to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, because it improves our observation capacity, raises awareness of environmental issues affecting the marine environment, promotes dialogue between society, the scientific community and the administration (Fritz et al. 2019, Vohland et al. 2021). Sea Observers is a citizen science platform dedicated to the conservation of the marine environment, which has promoted collaboration between citizens and the scientific community since 2012. The platform proposes challenges and provides direct and simple scientific protocols to be able to answer questions and bring science closer to citizens. The observations provided through the platform contribute to understanding the extent of the effects of processes such as global change, introduction of alien species, episodes of species mortality, pressure from human activities on the marine environment, among others. Consult full text in published documents: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/costas/temas/proteccion-medio-marino/estrategias-marinas/eemm_2dociclo_fase5.aspx

Citizen science is a powerful, innovative and effective tool to promote the changes needed in our society to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, because it improves our observation capacity, raises awareness of environmental issues affecting the marine environment, promotes dialogue between society, the scientific community and the administration (Fritz et al. 2019, Vohland et al. 2021). Sea Observers is a citizen science platform dedicated to the conservation of the marine environment, which has promoted collaboration between citizens and the scientific community since 2012. The platform proposes challenges and provides direct and simple scientific protocols to be able to answer questions and bring science closer to citizens. The observations provided through the platform contribute to understanding the extent of the effects of processes such as global change, introduction of alien species, episodes of species mortality, pressure from human activities on the marine environment, among others. Consult full text in published documents: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/costas/temas/proteccion-medio-marino/estrategias-marinas/eemm_2dociclo_fase5.aspx

Marine strategies should be addressed using an ecosystem-based approach; in other words, taking into account all factors and elements of the ecosystem as well as the relationships between them, including human activities and pressures on species and habitats. These relationships should be considered at all stages, from the assessment and monitoring of the marine environment, which should monitor activities and pressures identified in the MSFD, in addition to the pressure descriptors (pollution, marine litter, eutrophication, noise, etc.), to the environmental objectives and measures to be implemented to achieve the BEA. In order to better identify what action is needed to reduce the intensity of human activities, it is very important to know the areas where pressures accumulate, and also taking into account the vulnerability of the habitats and species predominant in these areas. This makes it possible to anticipate potential impacts and to better identify the policy and regulatory needs of the activities that cause them. Based on information gathered in monitoring programmes for species and habitats, as well as food networks, and programmes for monitoring human activities and anthropogenic pressures, a method of analysing cumulative pressures and impacts will be developed, taking into account the type of effects produced by pressures occurring in a given area and identifying the potential impacts that will result from them, based on existing habitats and species, and taking into account their vulnerability and sensitivity. The idea is to use models that allow all variables to be used to produce as reliable an outcome as possible, which can serve as a basis for the assessment of the status of the different descriptors and for decision-making on the measures to be taken. This measure will be implemented by the DGCM through contracts with scientific and technical bodies, specifically IEO and other CSIC and CEDEX-CEPYC centres. In developing this measure, account will be taken of the methodologies and approximations developed in the regional conventions; specifically to the documents generated in the OSPAR Convention so far, through the ICG-EcOc working group. The work shall consist of at least the following tasks: • Spatial analysis of cumulative pressures resulting from the spatial concentration of certain uses and activities. Development of a mapping of accumulated pressures based on information on their location and intensity of human activities• benthic habitats: based on the study of the fishing footprint, as well as the intensity and location of other pressures affecting the seabed, and the results of the D6 assessment, an analysis will be made of the areas affected by the accumulation of pressures and impacts affecting benthic habitats• Non-indigenous species: carry out a risk assessment of non-indigenous species introduced by human activity, identifying pressures and analysing the impacts they can produce. • Contamination: analysis of the relationship between the results of D8 assessment with the main sources of pollutants in each marine RBD. Study of pollutant reduction scenarios to achieve BEA in hot spots. Possibility to include ad-hoc analysis in problem areas. • Eutrophication: aggregated analysis at demarcation or assessment area level of the amounts of nutrients contributed to the marine environment. The potential impact of this pollution load on the nutrient concentration in the water column shall be assessed. • Pelagic habitats: the assessment of cumulative impacts on pelagic habitats will also be carried out. This measure is also provided for in the Maritime Spatial Planning Plans, as measure OEM1.

Marine strategies should be addressed using an ecosystem-based approach; in other words, taking into account all factors and elements of the ecosystem as well as the relationships between them, including human activities and pressures on species and habitats. These relationships should be considered at all stages, from the assessment and monitoring of the marine environment, which should monitor activities and pressures identified in the MSFD, in addition to the pressure descriptors (pollution, marine litter, eutrophication, noise, etc.), to the environmental objectives and measures to be implemented to achieve the BEA. In order to better identify what action is needed to reduce the intensity of human activities, it is very important to know the areas where pressures accumulate, and also taking into account the vulnerability of the habitats and species predominant in these areas. This makes it possible to anticipate potential impacts and to better identify the policy and regulatory needs of the activities that cause them. Based on information gathered in monitoring programmes for species and habitats, as well as food networks, and programmes for monitoring human activities and anthropogenic pressures, a method of analysing cumulative pressures and impacts will be developed, taking into account the type of effects produced by pressures occurring in a given area and identifying the potential impacts that will result from them, based on existing habitats and species, and taking into account their vulnerability and sensitivity. The idea is to use models that allow all variables to be used to produce as reliable an outcome as possible, which can serve as a basis for the assessment of the status of the different descriptors and for decision-making on the measures to be taken. This measure will be implemented by the DGCM through contracts with scientific and technical bodies, specifically IEO and other CSIC and CEDEX-CEPYC centres. In developing this measure, account will be taken of the methodologies and approximations developed in the regional conventions; specifically to the documents generated in the OSPAR Convention so far, through the ICG-EcOc working group. The work shall consist of at least the following tasks: • Spatial analysis of cumulative pressures resulting from the spatial concentration of certain uses and activities. Development of a mapping of accumulated pressures based on information on their location and intensity of human activities• benthic habitats: based on the study of the fishing footprint, as well as the intensity and location of other pressures affecting the seabed, and the results of the D6 assessment, an analysis will be made of the areas affected by the accumulation of pressures and impacts affecting benthic habitats• Non-indigenous species: carry out a risk assessment of non-indigenous species introduced by human activity, identifying pressures and analysing the impacts they can produce. • Contamination: analysis of the relationship between the results of D8 assessment with the main sources of pollutants in each marine RBD. Study of pollutant reduction scenarios to achieve BEA in hot spots. Possibility to include ad-hoc analysis in problem areas. • Eutrophication: aggregated analysis at demarcation or assessment area level of the amounts of nutrients contributed to the marine environment. The potential impact of this pollution load on the nutrient concentration in the water column shall be assessed. • Pelagic habitats: the assessment of cumulative impacts on pelagic habitats will also be carried out. This measure is also provided for in the Maritime Spatial Planning Plans, as measure OEM1.

This measure comprises a diverse set of activities, aimed at funding research and demonstration projects that improve knowledge of marine biodiversity, as well as the impact of human activities on it and the possible actions that can be taken to reduce it. The actions will consist of projects to increase knowledge on matters related to marine biodiversity, and anthropogenic pressures affecting it, and may be financed through various national and European programmes and funds, to which scientific institutions, universities, research institutes, organisations and associations of various kinds, etc. Regulation 1139/2021 on the European Maritime Fund for Fisheries and Aquaculture (EMFAF) provides, within its priority 1 on promoting sustainable fishing and the recovery and conservation of aquatic biological resources, for the possibility of launching activities to boost research on marine resources and governance systems (type of activity 1.6.3). Consult full text in published documents: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/costas/temas/proteccion-medio-marino/estrategias-marinas/eemm_2dociclo_fase5.aspx

This measure comprises a diverse set of activities, aimed at funding research and demonstration projects that improve knowledge of marine biodiversity, as well as the impact of human activities on it and the possible actions that can be taken to reduce it. The actions will consist of projects to increase knowledge on matters related to marine biodiversity, and anthropogenic pressures affecting it, and may be financed through various national and European programmes and funds, to which scientific institutions, universities, research institutes, organisations and associations of various kinds, etc. Regulation 1139/2021 on the European Maritime Fund for Fisheries and Aquaculture (EMFAF) provides, within its priority 1 on promoting sustainable fishing and the recovery and conservation of aquatic biological resources, for the possibility of launching activities to boost research on marine resources and governance systems (type of activity 1.6.3). Consult full text in published documents: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/costas/temas/proteccion-medio-marino/estrategias-marinas/eemm_2dociclo_fase5.aspx

This measure covers a diverse set of activities, promoted by different public administrations, aimed at financing research studies and projects that improve knowledge of marine biodiversity and the impact of human activities on it. The measure would not include monitoring programmes for marine strategies, which should be regular and meet specific criteria, but rather research projects that advance on knowledge of new elements of the marine environment, or on pressures from emerging and booming activities, new polluting substances, etc. The results of these projects can contribute to the assessment of the marine environment in the framework of marine strategies and could serve to reorient monitoring programmes for future cycles. The Ministry of Science and Innovation, the Spanish Research Agency, as well as various scientific institutions, such as the CSIC and the IEO (CSIC) and regional research institutes and universities, will collectively participate in increasing knowledge of matters relating to marine biodiversity and the pressures affecting them, such as pollutants, eutrophication, marine litter, underwater noise or invasive alien species. Projects may be financed through different programmes and funds, both national and European. It is not currently possible to foresee all initiatives to improve marine knowledge that will take place under this measure during the period 2022-2027, as they depend on calls that are published year by year, but some research priorities and examples can be mentioned, such as: Consult full text in published documents: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/costas/temas/proteccion-medio-marino/estrategias-marinas/eemm_2dociclo_fase5.aspx

This measure covers a diverse set of activities, promoted by different public administrations, aimed at financing research studies and projects that improve knowledge of marine biodiversity and the impact of human activities on it. The measure would not include monitoring programmes for marine strategies, which should be regular and meet specific criteria, but rather research projects that advance on knowledge of new elements of the marine environment, or on pressures from emerging and booming activities, new polluting substances, etc. The results of these projects can contribute to the assessment of the marine environment in the framework of marine strategies and could serve to reorient monitoring programmes for future cycles. The Ministry of Science and Innovation, the Spanish Research Agency, as well as various scientific institutions, such as the CSIC and the IEO (CSIC) and regional research institutes and universities, will collectively participate in increasing knowledge of matters relating to marine biodiversity and the pressures affecting them, such as pollutants, eutrophication, marine litter, underwater noise or invasive alien species. Projects may be financed through different programmes and funds, both national and European. It is not currently possible to foresee all initiatives to improve marine knowledge that will take place under this measure during the period 2022-2027, as they depend on calls that are published year by year, but some research priorities and examples can be mentioned, such as: Consult full text in published documents: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/costas/temas/proteccion-medio-marino/estrategias-marinas/eemm_2dociclo_fase5.aspx

Having detected the need, for organisational and control purposes, for certain technical and statistical data to be available on a regular basis for the correct analysis of the situation regarding the processing of files relating to ports (State and Autonomous Community) and minor maritime facilities, berths and anchorages, it is necessary to have tools to maintain the correct organisation and updating of the files and, ultimately, to follow them up. Provision is made for prior work to draw up lists that will serve as a basis for drawing up the relevant statistics: updated lists of the files of ports and smaller sea facilities entered in the register of the various Subdirectorates General and showing the province and municipality concerned; file reference and title; related files; records and plans defining the occupations; and other relevant information such as the date of issue of the report and the favourable or unfavourable nature of the report, the type of report or, where appropriate, the tasks to be resolved or remedied.

Having detected the need, for organisational and control purposes, for certain technical and statistical data to be available on a regular basis for the correct analysis of the situation regarding the processing of files relating to ports (State and Autonomous Community) and minor maritime facilities, berths and anchorages, it is necessary to have tools to maintain the correct organisation and updating of the files and, ultimately, to follow them up. Provision is made for prior work to draw up lists that will serve as a basis for drawing up the relevant statistics: updated lists of the files of ports and smaller sea facilities entered in the register of the various Subdirectorates General and showing the province and municipality concerned; file reference and title; related files; records and plans defining the occupations; and other relevant information such as the date of issue of the report and the favourable or unfavourable nature of the report, the type of report or, where appropriate, the tasks to be resolved or remedied.

El Reglamento (UE) 2019/1022 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 20 de junio de 2019, por el que se establece un plan plurianual para las especies demersales en el Mediterráneo occidental, introduce un nuevo marco de gestión para la flota de arrastre, destacando el establecimiento de: • un régimen de gestión del esfuerzo pesquero basado en días de pesca (asignados por separado para la pesca costera demersal y la de profundidad); • una reducción del esfuerzo gradual hasta el año 2025, plazo en el que se deberá alcanzar el rendimiento máximo sostenible; • y zonas de veda para la protección de los juveniles de merluza y otras especies incluidas en el plan de gestión. Dicha norma ha sido adaptada para su aplicación nacional mediante la Orden APA/423/2020, de 18 de mayo, por la que se establece un plan de gestión para la conservación de los recursos pesqueros demersales en el mar Mediterráneo, fundamentalmente para la asignación del esfuerzo pesquero a los buques, así como para el establecimiento de las zonas de veda. Para las aguas del Atlántico, se podrán establecer asimismo zonas de veda, de manera temporal o permanente, en función de las disposiciones de aplicación de la UE y recomendaciones científicas de ICES, con el objetivo de mejorar el estado de los recursos pesqueros. Las órdenes ministeriales y el resto de normativa relacionada con el establecimiento de vedas para la pesca de arrastre se adaptarán, a lo largo de las temporadas, a los resultados de los estudios y al conocimiento científico generado por entidades como el IEO-CSIC, teniendo en cuenta los resultados de las campañas de prospección y procesamiento de datos del fondo marino (ver medida BIO34) y el análisis de presiones e impactos acumulados sobre los ecosistemas marinos (ver medida H27).

El Reglamento (UE) 2019/1022 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 20 de junio de 2019, por el que se establece un plan plurianual para las especies demersales en el Mediterráneo occidental, introduce un nuevo marco de gestión para la flota de arrastre, destacando el establecimiento de: • un régimen de gestión del esfuerzo pesquero basado en días de pesca (asignados por separado para la pesca costera demersal y la de profundidad); • una reducción del esfuerzo gradual hasta el año 2025, plazo en el que se deberá alcanzar el rendimiento máximo sostenible; • y zonas de veda para la protección de los juveniles de merluza y otras especies incluidas en el plan de gestión. Dicha norma ha sido adaptada para su aplicación nacional mediante la Orden APA/423/2020, de 18 de mayo, por la que se establece un plan de gestión para la conservación de los recursos pesqueros demersales en el mar Mediterráneo, fundamentalmente para la asignación del esfuerzo pesquero a los buques, así como para el establecimiento de las zonas de veda. Para las aguas del Atlántico, se podrán establecer asimismo zonas de veda, de manera temporal o permanente, en función de las disposiciones de aplicación de la UE y recomendaciones científicas de ICES, con el objetivo de mejorar el estado de los recursos pesqueros. Las órdenes ministeriales y el resto de normativa relacionada con el establecimiento de vedas para la pesca de arrastre se adaptarán, a lo largo de las temporadas, a los resultados de los estudios y al conocimiento científico generado por entidades como el IEO-CSIC, teniendo en cuenta los resultados de las campañas de prospección y procesamiento de datos del fondo marino (ver medida BIO34) y el análisis de presiones e impactos acumulados sobre los ecosistemas marinos (ver medida H27).

Las reservas marinas son, tal como se recoge en el artículo 14 de la Ley 41/2010, de protección del medio marino, zonas que por sus especiales características se consideran adecuadas para la regeneración de los recursos pesqueros. La especial protección de la gozan estas zonas contribuye a la preservación de su riqueza natural, la conservación de las diferentes especies marinas y a la recuperación de los ecosistemas, lo que al largo plazo comporta un beneficio en el ejercicio de la pesca profesional que se practique en ellas. Estas áreas, para cuya selección se tiene en cuenta su estado de conservación, deben reunir determinadas características que permitan la mejora de las condiciones de reproducción de las especies de interés pesquero y la supervivencia de sus formas juveniles. En el período 2021-2027, la Red de Reservas Marinas será una de las prioridades dentro de la gestión pesquera, poniendo énfasis en sus tres pilares de funcionamiento: control y vigilancia, seguimiento científico y divulgación. Se seguirán realizando estudios para su ampliación que permitirán valorar nuevas incorporaciones la red a la luz de sus resultados y la disponibilidad de medios humanos y materiales.

Las reservas marinas son, tal como se recoge en el artículo 14 de la Ley 41/2010, de protección del medio marino, zonas que por sus especiales características se consideran adecuadas para la regeneración de los recursos pesqueros. La especial protección de la gozan estas zonas contribuye a la preservación de su riqueza natural, la conservación de las diferentes especies marinas y a la recuperación de los ecosistemas, lo que al largo plazo comporta un beneficio en el ejercicio de la pesca profesional que se practique en ellas. Estas áreas, para cuya selección se tiene en cuenta su estado de conservación, deben reunir determinadas características que permitan la mejora de las condiciones de reproducción de las especies de interés pesquero y la supervivencia de sus formas juveniles. En el período 2021-2027, la Red de Reservas Marinas será una de las prioridades dentro de la gestión pesquera, poniendo énfasis en sus tres pilares de funcionamiento: control y vigilancia, seguimiento científico y divulgación. Se seguirán realizando estudios para su ampliación que permitirán valorar nuevas incorporaciones la red a la luz de sus resultados y la disponibilidad de medios humanos y materiales.

En el marco de la gestión de las reservas marinas de interés pesquero gestionadas por la Administración General del Estado, se ha detectado la necesidad e impulsar actividades de sensibilización y divulgación, que permitan por un lado un conocimiento general de la sociedad sobre la figura de la reserva marina y el apoyo a las pesquerías artesanales, y por otro conocer y respetar el acervo pesquero tradicional y el medio ambiente marino. La divulgación es uno de los 3 pilares de las Reservas Marinas, que se ejecuta a través de los respectivos encargos de seguimiento y divulgación, además de a través publicaciones y acciones en la SGP: • charlas escolares en Colegios de Educación Infantil y Primaria; • participación en voluntariados; • jornadas de puertas abiertas, aniversarios y días señalados; • campamentos de verano con contenidos didácticos en línea, y volcados en el CENEAM - portal REEDUCAMAR; • atención a medios de comunicación; • colaboración con universidades (prácticas, charlas); • boletín de noticias y otros contenidos de la web www.reservasmarinas.net; • colaboración con actores: centros de buceo y criterios de buceo responsables, Grupo de Acción Local de Pesca, ayuntamientos, CC. AA., cofradías de pesca; • proyectos PLEAMAR como “Garantía de futuro” o “PESCARES” I, II, III. En esta misma línea, el nuevo Fondo Europeo Marítimo de la Pesca y la Acuicultura (FEMPA), contempla distintas medidas en las que tendrá cabida la puesta en marcha de acciones de sensibilización y/o divulgación, especialmente en aquellas relacionadas con la contaminación marina y la acuicultura sostenible. Asimismo, en este periodo se pondrán en marcha actuaciones de información y divulgación, cofinanciadas dentro del Programa Pleamar de la Fundación Biodiversidad, que pongan en valor la importancia de conservar y proteger el medio marino, especialmente a través de la Red Natura 2000 marina, en la que están también integradas las Reservas Marinas que gestiona la SGP, en algunos casos, en régimen compartido con las CC. AA. Breve descripción de los progresos En el periodo 2016-2021 la SGP y las CC. AA., en sus respectivos ámbitos competenciales, han continuado las campañas y actividades de sensibilización y divulgación en Reservas Marinas. En lo que se refiere al trabajo realizado en el marco de la AGE en los últimos años, se puede citar la publicación de la revista de la Red de Reservas Marinas, la elaboración de trípticos y folletos (Folleto Reservas Marinas de España 2021, Tríptico del Faro de Fuencaliente, etc.), publicaciones como Nueva Tabarca, editado por el MAPA, y contenido didáctico dirigido al público infantil, como la Mini Guía de los peces, moluscos y crustáceos del Mediterráneo o el cómic “El viaje del chanquete”. Entre los años 2017 y 2019, el CENEAM y la SGP celebraron la exposición itinerante “Reservas Marinas: en beneficio de todos”, en la que se mostraban las características, planes de gestión, medios, resultados e imágenes de estos espacios protegidos.

En el marco de la gestión de las reservas marinas de interés pesquero gestionadas por la Administración General del Estado, se ha detectado la necesidad e impulsar actividades de sensibilización y divulgación, que permitan por un lado un conocimiento general de la sociedad sobre la figura de la reserva marina y el apoyo a las pesquerías artesanales, y por otro conocer y respetar el acervo pesquero tradicional y el medio ambiente marino. La divulgación es uno de los 3 pilares de las Reservas Marinas, que se ejecuta a través de los respectivos encargos de seguimiento y divulgación, además de a través publicaciones y acciones en la SGP: • charlas escolares en Colegios de Educación Infantil y Primaria; • participación en voluntariados; • jornadas de puertas abiertas, aniversarios y días señalados; • campamentos de verano con contenidos didácticos en línea, y volcados en el CENEAM - portal REEDUCAMAR; • atención a medios de comunicación; • colaboración con universidades (prácticas, charlas); • boletín de noticias y otros contenidos de la web www.reservasmarinas.net; • colaboración con actores: centros de buceo y criterios de buceo responsables, Grupo de Acción Local de Pesca, ayuntamientos, CC. AA., cofradías de pesca; • proyectos PLEAMAR como “Garantía de futuro” o “PESCARES” I, II, III. En esta misma línea, el nuevo Fondo Europeo Marítimo de la Pesca y la Acuicultura (FEMPA), contempla distintas medidas en las que tendrá cabida la puesta en marcha de acciones de sensibilización y/o divulgación, especialmente en aquellas relacionadas con la contaminación marina y la acuicultura sostenible. Asimismo, en este periodo se pondrán en marcha actuaciones de información y divulgación, cofinanciadas dentro del Programa Pleamar de la Fundación Biodiversidad, que pongan en valor la importancia de conservar y proteger el medio marino, especialmente a través de la Red Natura 2000 marina, en la que están también integradas las Reservas Marinas que gestiona la SGP, en algunos casos, en régimen compartido con las CC. AA. Breve descripción de los progresos En el periodo 2016-2021 la SGP y las CC. AA., en sus respectivos ámbitos competenciales, han continuado las campañas y actividades de sensibilización y divulgación en Reservas Marinas. En lo que se refiere al trabajo realizado en el marco de la AGE en los últimos años, se puede citar la publicación de la revista de la Red de Reservas Marinas, la elaboración de trípticos y folletos (Folleto Reservas Marinas de España 2021, Tríptico del Faro de Fuencaliente, etc.), publicaciones como Nueva Tabarca, editado por el MAPA, y contenido didáctico dirigido al público infantil, como la Mini Guía de los peces, moluscos y crustáceos del Mediterráneo o el cómic “El viaje del chanquete”. Entre los años 2017 y 2019, el CENEAM y la SGP celebraron la exposición itinerante “Reservas Marinas: en beneficio de todos”, en la que se mostraban las características, planes de gestión, medios, resultados e imágenes de estos espacios protegidos.

El objetivo de esta medida era abordar la gestión de la flota de palangre del Mediterráneo a partir de la creación de un adecuado marco normativo en esta pesquería. Para ello, se debía recopilar toda la información disponible sobre la flota de palangre en el Mediterráneo, obteniendo datos detallados de la pesquería, y así poder plantear medidas específicas de gestión. El fin último era obtener una regulación que incluyese paquetes de medidas para que la pesquería analizada sea sostenible desde el punto de vista ambiental y socioeconómico. El plan de gestión de este tipo debía integrar, entre otras, medidas de reducción de las capturas accidentales, y todas aquellas adoptadas en el marco de la Comisión Europea y las Organizaciones Regionales de Pesca de las que España y/o la Unión Europea es Parte Contratante.

El objetivo de esta medida era abordar la gestión de la flota de palangre del Mediterráneo a partir de la creación de un adecuado marco normativo en esta pesquería. Para ello, se debía recopilar toda la información disponible sobre la flota de palangre en el Mediterráneo, obteniendo datos detallados de la pesquería, y así poder plantear medidas específicas de gestión. El fin último era obtener una regulación que incluyese paquetes de medidas para que la pesquería analizada sea sostenible desde el punto de vista ambiental y socioeconómico. El plan de gestión de este tipo debía integrar, entre otras, medidas de reducción de las capturas accidentales, y todas aquellas adoptadas en el marco de la Comisión Europea y las Organizaciones Regionales de Pesca de las que España y/o la Unión Europea es Parte Contratante.

El principal objetivo de este proyecto es apoyar el desarrollo de planes de acción regionales y buenas prácticas para programas de muestreo integrados y programas de medidas coordinados, así como cubrir carencias de información, en las aguas marinas Mediterráneas, y de esta forma mejorar la implementación de las siguientes fases de DMEM. Concretamente, los trabajos se centran en la revisión de la evaluación inicial, la definición del BEA y los objetivos ambientales establecidos en dicha Directiva para el 2018, incluyendo planes financieros, así como en la gestión de la integración de datos. Los objetivos específicos son: a. Tratar las cuestiones más relevantes de la DMEM a nivel regional, permitiendo así abordar la solución sistemáticas de las actuales lagunas de conocimiento y carencias en relación a los artículos 8, 9 y 10 de la DMEM, basándola en actividades ya en marcha a nivel regional y de la UE. b. Desarrollar estrategias/metodologías para el asesoramiento ya iniciado de los indicadores de Biodiversidad. c. Sentar las bases para un diseño coherente e implementación de los programas de seguimiento de la DMEM. d. Asesorar a los Estados miembros de la UE en el Mediterráneo en sus trabajos sobre los programas de medidas y, donde fuera necesario, desarrollar proyectos y planes de inversión. e. Establecer un sistema de gestión de información que permita que los datos y conocimientos relevantes sean actualizados de forma regular, y usados de forma efectiva por las Organizaciones Regionales, la Agencia Europea de Medio Ambiente (EEA) y otros actores interesados para sus fines. La propuesta se estructura en 5 Actividades: • Actividad 1- Solución sistemática para las actuales carencias y necesidades en relación a los artículos 8, 9 y 10 de la DMEM, centrándose en la cuestión de la Biodiversidad • Actividad 2-Identificación de carencias, necesidades y acciones a llevar a cabo en los programas de muestreo nacionales y regionales en relación a los planes nacionales de seguimiento en el marco de la DMEM (Artículo 11). • Actividad 3-Asesoramiento en la preparación de Programas de Medidas, dirigiéndose a carencias concretas identificadas tanto a nivel nacional como regional, uniendo los trabajos de los Programas de Medidas (PoM) de la DMEM y los auspiciados por la Convención de Barcelona (UNEP-MAP) • Actividad 4-Desarrollo del Sistema de gestión de Información para actualización de conocimientos y datos • Actividad 5-Coordinación, gestión, comunicación, diseminación y sostenibilidad del Proyecto. El proyecto ActionMed es llevado a cabo por 10 instituciones: UNEP/MAP (Dr T. Hema & Dr G. Gurban) y su organización internacional afiliada Plan Blue, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (Dr Francisco Alemany), Univ. Del Salento, Italia (Dr Alberto Basset), ISOTECH Ltd/ de Chipre (Dr Xenia Loizidou), Univ. of Athens/Greece (Prof. Manos Dassenakis), CORILA (Dr Pierpaolo Campostrini) and its affiliated CNR ISMAR and OGS, National Institute of Biology, Eslovenia (Dr Borut Mavric), Univ. de Tesalia (Prof. H. Kokkossis), y el Instituto de Oceanografía de Grecia (HCMR), como coordinador del proyecto (Dr Kalliopi Pagou).

El principal objetivo de este proyecto es apoyar el desarrollo de planes de acción regionales y buenas prácticas para programas de muestreo integrados y programas de medidas coordinados, así como cubrir carencias de información, en las aguas marinas Mediterráneas, y de esta forma mejorar la implementación de las siguientes fases de DMEM. Concretamente, los trabajos se centran en la revisión de la evaluación inicial, la definición del BEA y los objetivos ambientales establecidos en dicha Directiva para el 2018, incluyendo planes financieros, así como en la gestión de la integración de datos. Los objetivos específicos son: a. Tratar las cuestiones más relevantes de la DMEM a nivel regional, permitiendo así abordar la solución sistemáticas de las actuales lagunas de conocimiento y carencias en relación a los artículos 8, 9 y 10 de la DMEM, basándola en actividades ya en marcha a nivel regional y de la UE. b. Desarrollar estrategias/metodologías para el asesoramiento ya iniciado de los indicadores de Biodiversidad. c. Sentar las bases para un diseño coherente e implementación de los programas de seguimiento de la DMEM. d. Asesorar a los Estados miembros de la UE en el Mediterráneo en sus trabajos sobre los programas de medidas y, donde fuera necesario, desarrollar proyectos y planes de inversión. e. Establecer un sistema de gestión de información que permita que los datos y conocimientos relevantes sean actualizados de forma regular, y usados de forma efectiva por las Organizaciones Regionales, la Agencia Europea de Medio Ambiente (EEA) y otros actores interesados para sus fines. La propuesta se estructura en 5 Actividades: • Actividad 1- Solución sistemática para las actuales carencias y necesidades en relación a los artículos 8, 9 y 10 de la DMEM, centrándose en la cuestión de la Biodiversidad • Actividad 2-Identificación de carencias, necesidades y acciones a llevar a cabo en los programas de muestreo nacionales y regionales en relación a los planes nacionales de seguimiento en el marco de la DMEM (Artículo 11). • Actividad 3-Asesoramiento en la preparación de Programas de Medidas, dirigiéndose a carencias concretas identificadas tanto a nivel nacional como regional, uniendo los trabajos de los Programas de Medidas (PoM) de la DMEM y los auspiciados por la Convención de Barcelona (UNEP-MAP) • Actividad 4-Desarrollo del Sistema de gestión de Información para actualización de conocimientos y datos • Actividad 5-Coordinación, gestión, comunicación, diseminación y sostenibilidad del Proyecto. El proyecto ActionMed es llevado a cabo por 10 instituciones: UNEP/MAP (Dr T. Hema & Dr G. Gurban) y su organización internacional afiliada Plan Blue, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (Dr Francisco Alemany), Univ. Del Salento, Italia (Dr Alberto Basset), ISOTECH Ltd/ de Chipre (Dr Xenia Loizidou), Univ. of Athens/Greece (Prof. Manos Dassenakis), CORILA (Dr Pierpaolo Campostrini) and its affiliated CNR ISMAR and OGS, National Institute of Biology, Eslovenia (Dr Borut Mavric), Univ. de Tesalia (Prof. H. Kokkossis), y el Instituto de Oceanografía de Grecia (HCMR), como coordinador del proyecto (Dr Kalliopi Pagou).