Member State report / Art11 / 2014-2020 / D11 / Croatia / Mediterranean: Adriatic Sea

Report type Member State report to Commission
MSFD Article Art. 11 Monitoring programmes (and Art. 17 updates)
Report due 2014-10-15; 2020-10-15
GES Descriptor D11 Energy, incl. underwater noise
Member State Croatia
Region/subregion Mediterranean: Adriatic Sea
Reported by Institute for Oceanography and Fisheries, Split, Croatia
Report date 2014-09-04; 2020-10-15
Report access
2014 data
2020 data
Monitoring programme Monitoring programme name
MP_D11
MP_D11
Monitoring programme Reference existing programme
MADHR-D11
MADHR-D11
Monitoring programme Marine Unit ID
  • MAD-HR-MS-ADRIATIC
  • MAD-HR-MS-ADRIATIC
Q4e - Programme ID
MADHR-D11
MADHR-D11
Q4f - Programme description
Effects that are known are generated by a variety of types of sound and different organisms have differing sensitivities to sound (both pressure and particle motion). The result is that it is not possible to provide one measurement to describe the effect. A combination of different characteristics/measurements is thus required. There is currently insufficient data to provide a quantitative assessment of the current status and trends of underwater noise in the Adriatic Sea due to a lack of available information from comprehensive monitoring studies.
Effects that are known are generated by a variety of types of sound and different organisms have differing sensitivities to sound (both pressure and particle motion). The result is that it is not possible to provide one measurement to describe the effect. A combination of different characteristics/measurements is thus required. There is currently insufficient data to provide a quantitative assessment of the current status and trends of underwater noise in the Adriatic Sea due to a lack of available information from comprehensive monitoring studies.
Q5e - Natural variability
  • Qualitative
  • Quantiative
  • Qualitative
  • Quantiative
Q5d - Adequacy for assessment of GES Q5d - Adequate data
Y
Y
Q5d - Adequacy for assessment of GES Q5d - Established methods
Y
Y
Q5d - Adequacy for assessment of GES Q5d - Adequate understanding of GES
Y
Y
Q5d - Adequacy for assessment of GES Q5d - Adequate capacity
Y
Y
Q5f - Description of programme for GES assessment
Within the project “Consulting services for the definition of the Monitoring and Observation system for ongoing assessment of the Adriatic Sea“ (Adriatic sea monitoring program) initial underwater noise measurements on three positions in two seasonal periods were carried out. Existing equipment and methodology has been tested and useful and interesting results attained. However, increases in construction activities and seismic surveys are likely to have contributed to increases in impulsive noise levels, whilst increases in shipping activities, especially seasonal touristic and leisure traffic, have resulted in an increase in ambient noise levels.
Within the project “Consulting services for the definition of the Monitoring and Observation system for ongoing assessment of the Adriatic Sea“ (Adriatic sea monitoring program) initial underwater noise measurements on three positions in two seasonal periods were carried out. Existing equipment and methodology has been tested and useful and interesting results attained. However, increases in construction activities and seismic surveys are likely to have contributed to increases in impulsive noise levels, whilst increases in shipping activities, especially seasonal touristic and leisure traffic, have resulted in an increase in ambient noise levels.
Q5g - Gap-filling date for GES assessment
By2018
By2018
Q5h - Plans to implement monitoring for GES assessment
Q6a -Relevant targets Q6a - Environmental target
Q6a -Relevant targets Q6a - Associated indicator
Q6b - Adequacy for assessment of targets Q6b_SuitableData
Y
Y
Q6b - Adequacy for assessment of targets Q6b_EstablishedMethods
Y
Y
Q6b - Adequacy for assessment of targets Q6d_AdequateCapacity
Y
Y
Q6c - Target updating
Y
Y
Q6d - Description of programme for targets assessment
Due to the high level of uncertainty about the effects of noise, it has not been possible to set a specific target for either impulsive sounds or ambient sounds. Instead, an operational target has been proposed. This approach is chosen to enable better monitoring, understanding and managing the impacts of noise in the following period. The operational targets aim to address the cumulative impacts of noise generating activities on the behavior of noise sensitive marine species and aim to monitor trends in ambient noise level which is likely to increase due to increases in shipping activities, especially seasonal touristic and leisure traffic.
Due to the high level of uncertainty about the effects of noise, it has not been possible to set a specific target for either impulsive sounds or ambient sounds. Instead, an operational target has been proposed. This approach is chosen to enable better monitoring, understanding and managing the impacts of noise in the following period. The operational targets aim to address the cumulative impacts of noise generating activities on the behavior of noise sensitive marine species and aim to monitor trends in ambient noise level which is likely to increase due to increases in shipping activities, especially seasonal touristic and leisure traffic.
Q6e - Gap-filling date for targets assessment
By2018
By2018
Q6f - Plans to implement monitoring for targets assessment
Q7a - Relevant activities
  • Aquaculture
  • Fisheries
  • ResearchSurvey
  • TourismRecreation
  • Aquaculture
  • Fisheries
  • ResearchSurvey
  • TourismRecreation
Q7b - Description of monitoring of activities
Further research, monitoring and investigation is necessary to fully understand the effects of noise at an individual and population level, the risks and significance of sound inputs to the environment, and appropriate options for mitigation. Croatia is the participant in the EU Technical Group on Underwater Noise and other forms of energy (TG Noise), established by the EC to assist in developing a coordinated approach to this Descriptor 11, so is well-placed to implement the approaches to target setting proposed by TSG. Regional cooperation on coordinated approach to Descriptor 11 in the Adriatic Sea is necessary as well.
Further research, monitoring and investigation is necessary to fully understand the effects of noise at an individual and population level, the risks and significance of sound inputs to the environment, and appropriate options for mitigation. Croatia is the participant in the EU Technical Group on Underwater Noise and other forms of energy (TG Noise), established by the EC to assist in developing a coordinated approach to this Descriptor 11, so is well-placed to implement the approaches to target setting proposed by TSG. Regional cooperation on coordinated approach to Descriptor 11 in the Adriatic Sea is necessary as well.
Q7c - Relevant measures
Q7e - Adequacy for assessment of measures Q7d - Adequate data
Q7e - Adequacy for assessment of measures Q7d - Established methods
Q7e - Adequacy for assessment of measures Q7d - Adequate understanding of GES
Q7e - Adequacy for assessment of measures Q7d - Adequate capacity
Q7e - Adequacy for assessment of measures Q7d - Addresses activities and pressures
Q7e - Adequacy for assessment of measures Q7d - Addresses effectiveness of measures
Q7d - Description of monitoring for measures
Q7f - Gap-filling date for activities and measures
By2014
By2014
Q8a - Links to existing Monitoring Programmes
  • Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part I: Executive Summary, 2014, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26557 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, doi: 10.2788/29293 Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part II: Monitoring Guidance Specifications, 2014, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26555 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, doi: 10.2788/27158 Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part III: Background Information and Annexes,2014, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26556 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, doi: 10.2788/2808
  • Other
  • Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part I: Executive Summary, 2014, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26557 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, doi: 10.2788/29293 Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part II: Monitoring Guidance Specifications, 2014, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26555 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, doi: 10.2788/27158 Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part III: Background Information and Annexes,2014, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26556 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, doi: 10.2788/2808
  • Other
Reference sub-programme Sub-programme ID
MADHR-D11-01
MADHR-D11-02
Reference sub-programme Sub-programme name
Diffuse underwater noise - distribution, frequency and levels
Diffuse underwater noise - distribution, frequency and levels
Q4g - Sub-programmes Sub-programme ID
MADHR-D11-01
MADHR-D11-02
Q4g - Sub-programmes Sub-programme name
Diffuse underwater noise - distribution, frequency and levels
Diffuse underwater noise - distribution, frequency and levels
Q4k - Monitoring purpose
Activities
Pressurse
Q4l - Links of monitoring programmes of other Directives and Conventions
Within the project “Consulting services for the definition of the Monitoring and Observation system for ongoing assessment of the Adriatic Sea“ (Adriatic sea monitoring program) initial underwater noise measurements on three positions in two seasonal periods were carried out. Existing equipment and methodology has been tested and useful and interesting results attained.
Within the project “Consulting services for the definition of the Monitoring and Observation system for ongoing assessment of the Adriatic Sea“ (Adriatic sea monitoring program) initial underwater noise measurements on three positions in two seasonal periods were carried out. Existing equipment and methodology has been tested and useful and interesting results attained.
Q5c - Features Q5c - Habitats
  • SeabedHabitatsAll WaterColumnHabitatsAll
  • SeabedHabitatsAll WaterColumnHabitatsAll
Q5c - Features Q5c - Species list
  • All Functional groups
  • FunctionalGroupOther
  • All Functional groups
  • FunctionalGroupOther
Q5c - Features Q5c - Physical/Chemical features
Q5c - Features Q5c - Pressures
  • Noise
  • Noise
Q9a - Elements
  • Seabed habitats - allWater column habitats - allAll Functional groupsPressure: Underwater noise
  • Seabed habitats - allWater column habitats - allAll Functional groupsPressure: Underwater noise
Q5a - GES criteria Relevant GES criteria
  • 11.1
  • 11.2
  • 11.1
  • 11.2
Q5b - GES indicators Relevant GES indicators
  • 11.1.1
  • 11.2.1
  • 11.1.1
  • 11.2.1
Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) Species distribution
Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) Species population size
Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) Species population characteristics
Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) Species impacts
Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) Habitat distribution
Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) Habitat extent
Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) Habitat condition (physical-chemical)
Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) Habitat condition (biological)
Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) Habitat impacts
Q9b - Parameters monitored (pressures) Pressure input
Q9b - Parameters monitored (pressures) Pressure output
  • MP-9b-2-2-10
  • MP-9b-2-2-10
Q9b - Parameters monitored (activity) Activity
Q9b Parameters monitored (other) Other
Q41 Spatial scope
WFD_CW TerritorialWaters
WFD_CW TerritorialWaters
Q4j - Description of spatial scope
Continuous noise may degrade the sound habitat, masking biologically relevant signals such as echolocation clicks, making it harder or impossible to find a mate, locate food or detect predators. Impulsive sounds can lead to a variety of behavioural reactions such as avoidance of feeding or breeding areas, or may result in physiological effects such as temporary or permanent damage to hearing organs, and at very high levels, even death. There is currently insufficient data to provide a quantitative assessment of the current status and trends of underwater noise in the Adriatic Sea due to a lack of available information from comprehensive monitoring studies.
Continuous noise may degrade the sound habitat, masking biologically relevant signals such as echolocation clicks, making it harder or impossible to find a mate, locate food or detect predators. Impulsive sounds can lead to a variety of behavioural reactions such as avoidance of feeding or breeding areas, or may result in physiological effects such as temporary or permanent damage to hearing organs, and at very high levels, even death. There is currently insufficient data to provide a quantitative assessment of the current status and trends of underwater noise in the Adriatic Sea due to a lack of available information from comprehensive monitoring studies.
Marine Unit IDs
  • MAD-HR-MS-ADRIATIC
  • MAD-HR-MS-ADRIATIC
Q4h - Temporal scope Start date- End date
2013-9999
2013-9999
Q9h - Temporal resolution of sampling
  • Continually
  • 6monthly
Q9c - Monitoring method
Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part I:Executive Summary, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26557 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2014, doi: 10.2788/29293 Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part II:Monitoring Guidance Specifications, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26555 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2014, doi: 10.2788/27158 Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part III:Background Information and Annexes, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26556 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2014, doi: 10.2788/2808 Sampling procedure has been described in Marasović I., Krstulović, N., Leder, N., Lončar, G., Precali, R., Šolić, M., Lončar,.G., Beg- Paklar, G., Bojanić, N., Cvitković, I., Dadić, V., Despalatović, M., Dulčić, J., Grbec, B., Kušpilić, G., Ninčević-Gladan, Ž., P. Tutman, Ujević, I., Vrgoč, N., Vukadin, P., Žuljević, A. Coastal cities water pollution control project, Part C1: Monitoring and Observation System for Ongoing Assessment of the Adriatic sea under the Adriatic sea Monitoring Programme, Phase II. Interim report (IR), December, 2013. (Ftp://baltazar.izor.hr)
Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part I:Executive Summary, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26557 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2014, doi: 10.2788/29293 Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part II:Monitoring Guidance Specifications, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26555 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2014, doi: 10.2788/27158 Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part III:Background Information and Annexes, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26556 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2014, doi: 10.2788/2808 Sampling procedure has been described in Marasović I., Krstulović, N., Leder, N., Lončar, G., Precali, R., Šolić, M., Lončar,.G., Beg- Paklar, G., Bojanić, N., Cvitković, I., Dadić, V., Despalatović, M., Dulčić, J., Grbec, B., Kušpilić, G., Ninčević-Gladan, Ž., P. Tutman, Ujević, I., Vrgoč, N., Vukadin, P., Žuljević, A. Coastal cities water pollution control project, Part C1: Monitoring and Observation System for Ongoing Assessment of the Adriatic sea under the Adriatic sea Monitoring Programme, Phase II. Interim report (IR), December, 2013. (Ftp://baltazar.izor.hr)
Q9d - Description of alteration to method
Q9e - Quality assurance
Q9f - Quality control
DelayedValidation
DelayedValidation
Q9g - Spatial resolution of sampling Q9g - Proportion of area covered %
Q9g - Spatial resolution of sampling Q9g - No. of samples
Q9i - Description of sample representivity
Distribution in time and place of loud, low and mid frequency impulsive sounds. Continuous registration of all antropogenic activities causing impulse noise. Establishing a registry to record, assess, and manage the distribution and timing of anthropogenic sound sources measured over the frequency band 10 Hz to 10 kHz, exceeding the energy source level as proposed in method under 9c.
Continuous low frequency sound. Monitoring trends (by measurement stations) in the ambient noise level within the 1/3 octave bands 63 and 125 Hz (centre frequency) as proposed in method under 9c.
Q10a - Scale for aggregation of data
  • Region
  • Subregion
  • Region
  • Subregion
Q10b - Other scale for aggregation of data
Q10c - Access to monitoring data Q10c - Data type
DataProducts
DataProducts
Q10c - Access to monitoring data Q10c - Data access mechanism
LocationNationalDC
LocationNationalDC
Q10c - Access to monitoring data Q10c - Data access rights
Open
Open
Q10c - Access to monitoring data Q10c - INSPIRE standard
SeaRegions
SeaRegions
Q10c - Access to monitoring data Q10c Date data are available
2018-10
2018-10
Q10c - Access to monitoring data Q10c - Data update frequency
Yearly
6monthly
Q10d - Description of data access
In accordance to the Regulation on development and implementation of documents of Strategy for Management of Marine and Coastal Areas (O.G. 112/14), Croatian Environment Agency is in charge of developing Marine Information System. Data and information regarding all elements of the Strategy collected by competent authorities should be available for needs of the System. The System is still under development.
In accordance to the Regulation on development and implementation of documents of Strategy for Management of Marine and Coastal Areas (O.G. 112/14), Croatian Environment Agency is in charge of developing Marine Information System. Data and information regarding all elements of the Strategy collected by competent authorities should be available for needs of the System. The System is still under development.
Descriptor
D11
D11
Monitoring strategy description
The monitoring strategy for D11C1 and D11C2 at the moment is mostly based on several EU projects that are currently taking place and the TG Noise recommendations that will work towards defining threshold values. QuietMED2 project is funded by Directorate-General for Environment, European Commission, it is focused on impulsive noise in the Mediterranean Region, and it will provide practical outcomes through a joint proposal of a candidate for an impulsive noise indicator in the Mediterranean Region and a common methodology for Competent Authorities to establish threshold values, together with associated lists of elements and integration rules. This should lead to an establishment of a joint register of impulsive underwater noise in the Mediterranean Sea Region. Within the project Monitoring and Observation System within the Implementation of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) in Croatia measurements on four positions in two seasonal periods are being carried out regularly. Moreover, Interreg Italy-Croatia project SOUNDSCAPE works on creating a cross-border technical, scientific and institutional cooperation to face the challenge of assessing the impact of underwater environmental noise on the marine fauna and in general on the Northern Adriatic ecosystem. A shared monitoring network is being implemented, that will provide a yearlong continuous noise data in the Northern Adriatic, which will be integrated into modelling tools to create more general view of the soundscapes in the region.
The monitoring strategy for D11C1 and D11C2 at the moment is mostly based on several EU projects that are currently taking place and the TG Noise recommendations that will work towards defining threshold values. QuietMED2 project is funded by Directorate-General for Environment, European Commission, it is focused on impulsive noise in the Mediterranean Region, and it will provide practical outcomes through a joint proposal of a candidate for an impulsive noise indicator in the Mediterranean Region and a common methodology for Competent Authorities to establish threshold values, together with associated lists of elements and integration rules. This should lead to an establishment of a joint register of impulsive underwater noise in the Mediterranean Sea Region. Within the project Monitoring and Observation System within the Implementation of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) in Croatia measurements on four positions in two seasonal periods are being carried out regularly. Moreover, Interreg Italy-Croatia project SOUNDSCAPE works on creating a cross-border technical, scientific and institutional cooperation to face the challenge of assessing the impact of underwater environmental noise on the marine fauna and in general on the Northern Adriatic ecosystem. A shared monitoring network is being implemented, that will provide a yearlong continuous noise data in the Northern Adriatic, which will be integrated into modelling tools to create more general view of the soundscapes in the region.
Coverage of GES criteria
Adequate monitoring is in place by July 2020
Adequate monitoring is in place by July 2020
Gaps and plans
There is no law on the register of impulsive underwater noise and corresponding data, which is the gap of MSFD implementation in Croatia. At the moment, the text of technical requirements for future law is under preparation. Results of the QuietMED2 project and resulting activities at the national level will help in its adoption. The spatial and temporal resolution of continuous noise monitoring has been significantly improved recently, new instruments were obtained, and additional stations are being used to expand the monitoring network. The upgrades in continuous noise monitoring are also expected through cross-regional cooperation and soundscape modelling.
There is no law on the register of impulsive underwater noise and corresponding data, which is the gap of MSFD implementation in Croatia. At the moment, the text of technical requirements for future law is under preparation. Results of the QuietMED2 project and resulting activities at the national level will help in its adoption. The spatial and temporal resolution of continuous noise monitoring has been significantly improved recently, new instruments were obtained, and additional stations are being used to expand the monitoring network. The upgrades in continuous noise monitoring are also expected through cross-regional cooperation and soundscape modelling.
Related targets
  • D11T1
  • D11T2
  • D11T1
  • D11T2
Coverage of targets
Adequate monitoring is in place by July 2020
Adequate monitoring is in place by July 2020
Related measures
Coverage of measures
Related monitoring programmes
  • MADHR-D11-03
  • MADHR-D11-04
  • MADHR-D11-03
  • MADHR-D11-04
Programme code
MADHR-D11-03
MADHR-D11-04
Programme name
Impulsive underwater noise- distribution, frequency and levels
Continuous underwater noise - distributiin, frequency and levels
Update type
Modified from 2014
Modified from 2014
Old programme codes
  • MADHR-D11-01
  • MADHR-D11-02
Programme description
Impulsive sounds can lead to a variety of behavioural reactions such as avoidance of feeding or breeding areas, or may result in physiological effects such as temporary or permanent damage to hearing organs, and at very high levels, even death. Criteria D11C1 will be realized through the establishment of an underwater impulse noise occurrence register. The register should provide information on the number of days within an area where the pulse level is or a series of noise pulses exceeded a certain threshold. These sound levels refer to the relevant frequency band 10 Hz - 10 kHz.
Continuous noise may degrade the sound habitat, masking biologically relevant signals such as echolocation clicks, making it harder or impossible to find a mate, locate food or detect predators. The element of criterion D11C2 will be realized through monitoring the spatial-temporal distribution of low and medium frequency continuous noise levels and trend monitoring. This is possible in two ways: by measuring and modeling noise propagation. In Commission Decision 2017/848 / EU requires monitoring of the spatial-temporal distribution of levels continuous low and medium frequency noise in tertiary bands of 63 Hz and 125 Hz. As the measurement methodology is such that the measurement is performed in a wider frequency range of 20 Hz - 20 kHz, the parameters to be used in determining the element of criterion D11C2 are the levels of continuous low and medium frequency noise in all third bands within the frequency range of 20 Hz - 10 kHz. Trends will be monitored on all third bands, and also on the overall level within the entire frequency range.
Monitoring purpose
  • Pressures in the marine environment
  • Pressures in the marine environment
Other policies and conventions
Regional cooperation - coordinating body
Regional cooperation - countries involved
Regional cooperation - implementation level
Monitoring details
Features
Impulsive sound in water
Continuous low frequency sound
Impulsive sound in water
Continuous low frequency sound
Impulsive sound in water
Continuous low frequency sound
Impulsive sound in water
Continuous low frequency sound
Elements
  • Not Applicable
  • Continuous sound (1/3 octave frequency band centred on 125 Hz)
GES criteria
D11C1
D11C2
Parameters
  • Duration
  • Underwater sound level
Parameter Other
Spatial scope
  • Territorial waters
  • Territorial waters
Marine reporting units
  • MAD-HR-MRU_1
  • MAD-HR-MRU_1
Temporal scope (start date - end date)
2021-2026
2021-2026
Monitoring frequency
As needed
2-yearly
Monitoring type
  • Other
  • In-situ sampling coastal
  • In-situ sampling offshore
  • Numerical modelling
Monitoring method
  • Other monitoring method
  • Other monitoring method
Monitoring method other
Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part I:Executive Summary, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26557 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2014, doi: 10.2788/29293 Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part II:Monitoring Guidance Specifications, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26555 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2014, doi: 10.2788/27158 Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part III:Background Information and Annexes, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26556 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2014, doi: 10.2788/2808 Sampling procedure has been described in Marasovic I., Krstulovic, N., Leder, N., Loncar, G., Precali, R., Šolic, M., Loncar,.G., Beg- Paklar, G., Bojanic, N., Cvitkovic, I., Dadic, V., Despalatovic, M., Dulcic, J., Grbec, B., Kušpilic, G., Nincevic-Gladan, Ž., P. Tutman, Ujevic, I., Vrgoc, N., Vukadin, P., Žuljevic, A. Coastal cities water pollution control project, Part C1: Monitoring and Observation System for Ongoing Assessment of the Adriatic sea under the Adriatic sea Monitoring Programme, Phase II. Interim report (IR), December, 2013. https://jadran.izor.hr/jadranski_projekt_2/MJERNE-METODE-I-OPREMA.pdf
Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part I:Executive Summary, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26557 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2014, doi: 10.2788/29293 Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part II:Monitoring Guidance Specifications, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26555 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2014, doi: 10.2788/27158 Monitoring Guidance for Underwater Noise in European Seas, Part III:Background Information and Annexes, JRC Scientific and Policy Report EUR 26556 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2014, doi: 10.2788/2808 Sampling procedure has been described in Marasovic I., Krstulovic, N., Leder, N., Loncar, G., Precali, R., Šolic, M., Loncar,.G., Beg- Paklar, G., Bojanic, N., Cvitkovic, I., Dadic, V., Despalatovic, M., Dulcic, J., Grbec, B., Kušpilic, G., Nincevic-Gladan, Ž., P. Tutman, Ujevic, I., Vrgoc, N., Vukadin, P., Žuljevic, A. Coastal cities water pollution control project, Part C1: Monitoring and Observation System for Ongoing Assessment of the Adriatic sea under the Adriatic sea Monitoring Programme, Phase II. Interim report (IR), December, 2013. https://jadran.izor.hr/jadranski_projekt_2/MJERNE-METODE-I-OPREMA.pdf
Quality control
Quality control is used as in reported monitoring method.
Quality control is used as in reported monitoring method.
Data management
Data access
Related indicator/name
Contact
References