Member State report / Art11 / 2014-2020 / D6 / Netherlands / NE Atlantic: Greater North Sea
| Report type | Member State report to Commission |
| MSFD Article | Art. 11 Monitoring programmes (and Art. 17 updates) |
| Report due | 2014-10-15; 2020-10-15 |
| GES Descriptor | D6 Sea-floor integrity/D1 Benthic habitats |
| Member State | Netherlands |
| Region/subregion | NE Atlantic: Greater North Sea |
| Reported by | Rijkswaterstaat |
| Report date | 2014-10-16; 2020-11-17 |
| Report access |
http://cdr.eionet.europa.eu/nl/eu/msfd_mp/ansnl/envvd6rvq/ANSNL-D1346-Sub1-FishingMortality-16102014
http://cdr.eionet.europa.eu/nl/eu/msfd_mp/ansnl/envvd6rqw/ANSNL-D05-Sub5-OSPAR-InputAtm-15102014.xml
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2014 data
2020 data
| Monitoring programme | Monitoring programme name | MP_D1_4_6_SeabedHabitats |
MP_D1_4_6_WaterColumnHabitats |
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| Reference existing programme | |||||||||||||
| Marine Unit ID | |||||||||||||
| Q4e - Programme ID | ANSNL-D146Habitats |
ANSNL-D146HabitatsWater |
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| Q4f - Programme description | The Cabinet views this MSFD Monitoring Programme as a guiding component of the approach to ensure a good status of the marine environment in the Dutch part of the North Sea. The MSFD Monitoring Programme has been drawn up in accordance with Article 11 of the Directive. It details the actual monitoring of the 32 indicators outlined in the Marine Strategy Part 1. Based on the measurement data, the Monitoring Programme provides insight into:
1. The status of the indicators, thereby indicating the extent to which an environmental target is achieved (MSFD, Art. 10), in order to facilitate the ongoing assessment and periodic updating of the environmental targets (MSFD, Art. 5) in order to maintain or reach good environmental status.
2. The effectiveness of the programme of measures to be implemented under the MSFD.
Although the Monitoring Programme focuses primarily on the 32 indicators from the Marine Strategy Part 1, it also uses, for the purpose of interpreting the results, a number of supporting parameters that are included as standard during sampling (such as temperature, acidity, conductivity, salinity and dissolved oxygen). For the purpose of the next assessment of the environmental status in 2017-2018 and assessments thereafter, use will also be made of the information resulting from monitoring for research or from other statutory frameworks and policy areas. This includes information from national monitoring under the Bathing Water Directive in the area of microbial pathogens, shipping intensity monitoring (including fishing vessels) for the purpose of shipping traffic safety and bathymetric information obtained from hydrographic measurements. In determining spatial and temporal distribution of the monitoring, natural variation is taken into account as well as the possibilities to distinguish changes from natural variability. Important parameters for climate change and ocean acidification, such as temperature and pH are incorporated in the regular monitoring programmes. Economic data is collected by Statistics Netherlands (abbreviated as CBS in Dutch). CBS supplies the required data following receipt of a specified request for information. Thus, the requirements of MSFD Art. 8 are met and the indicative list of elements included in MSFD Appendix III is incorporated.
In this way, the MSFD Monitoring Programme provides a solid basis for updating the Marine Strategy during the second implementation cycle of the MSFD. This begins by updating the initial assessment (MSFD Art. 8) and describing the good environmental status (MSFD Art. 9), environmental targets and indicators (MSFD Art. 10) in 2018, and continues through to the adjustment of the existing programme of measures (Art. 13) in 2021.
References:
-More information on the rationale for the balance between monitoring of state/impact, pressures, activities and measures: MS II paragraph 2.3 (DPSIR –model)
-MS II Annex 4 |
The Cabinet views this MSFD Monitoring Programme as a guiding component of the approach to ensure a good status of the marine environment in the Dutch part of the North Sea. The MSFD Monitoring Programme has been drawn up in accordance with Article 11 of the Directive. It details the actual monitoring of the 32 indicators outlined in the Marine Strategy Part 1. Based on the measurement data, the Monitoring Programme provides insight into:
1. The status of the indicators, thereby indicating the extent to which an environmental target is achieved (MSFD, Art. 10), in order to facilitate the ongoing assessment and periodic updating of the environmental targets (MSFD, Art. 5) in order to maintain or reach good environmental status.
2. The effectiveness of the programme of measures to be implemented under the MSFD.
Although the Monitoring Programme focuses primarily on the 32 indicators from the Marine Strategy Part 1, it also uses, for the purpose of interpreting the results, a number of supporting parameters that are included as standard during sampling (such as temperature, acidity, conductivity, salinity and dissolved oxygen). For the purpose of the next assessment of the environmental status in 2017-2018 and assessments thereafter, use will also be made of the information resulting from monitoring for research or from other statutory frameworks and policy areas. This includes information from national monitoring under the Bathing Water Directive in the area of microbial pathogens, shipping intensity monitoring (including fishing vessels) for the purpose of shipping traffic safety and bathymetric information obtained from hydrographic measurements. In determining spatial and temporal distribution of the monitoring, natural variation is taken into account as well as the possibilities to distinguish changes from natural variability. Important parameters for climate change and ocean acidification, such as temperature and pH are incorporated in the regular monitoring programmes. Economic data is collected by Statistics Netherlands (abbreviated as CBS in Dutch). CBS supplies the required data following receipt of a specified request for information. Thus, the requirements of MSFD Art. 8 are met and the indicative list of elements included in MSFD Appendix III is incorporated.
In this way, the MSFD Monitoring Programme provides a solid basis for updating the Marine Strategy during the second implementation cycle of the MSFD. This begins by updating the initial assessment (MSFD Art. 8) and describing the good environmental status (MSFD Art. 9), environmental targets and indicators (MSFD Art. 10) in 2018, and continues through to the adjustment of the existing programme of measures (Art. 13) in 2021.
References:
-More information on the rationale for the balance between monitoring of state/impact, pressures, activities and measures: MS II paragraph 2.3 (DPSIR –model)
-MS II Annex 4 |
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| Q5e - Natural variability |
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| Q5d - Adequacy for assessment of GES | Q5d - Adequate data | Y |
Y |
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| Q5d - Established methods | Y |
Y |
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| Q5d - Adequate understanding of GES | Y |
Y |
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| Q5d - Adequate capacity | Y |
Y |
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| Q5f - Description of programme for GES assessment | a,b) In the art 9 and 10 report in 2012 the Netherlands has opted for a general description of GES under art 9 and a further elaboration of the targets and associated indicators under art 10. These targets and indicators cover all criteria from the Commission Decision as far as they are considered relevant for the Netherlands part of the North Sea. Therefore, they also cover the information requirement for the assessment of the descriptors and targets.
See paragraph 9.2.1 (benthos) and 9.2.6 (Habitats) of the Marine Strategy II for a detailed description of how the targets and the information required to describe GES, via the elaboration of an information strategy, functional requirements and a monitoring strategy, are translated into the monitoring plan.
GES of the Dutch North Sea ecosystem in 2020 is implies that biological diversity is maintained and that the quality and distribution of habitats is in line with prevailing physiographic, geographic and climatic conditions.
Distribution of habitats: Natura2000 habitats as well as characteristic aquatic seabed habitats at EUNIS level3 can be distinguished according to differences in seabed composition and depth. No changes in regard to these parameters are expected, hence no direct monitoring is being done. Bathymetric information is available form hydrographical monitoring. Sediment composition is being registered in the benthos monitoring programmme. Activities that may change depth and seabed composition, such as sand extraction and suppletion dredging and spreading of dredged material, are registered. Biogenic Oyster reefs have disappeared and there will be no spntanuous recovery, hence there is no targeted monitoring. Relevant data are available from the Benthos monitoring programme in which also locations that were formerly Oster banks are monitored.
Habitat quality: the benthos monitoring targets biodiversity and species composition. The established monitoring with boxcores, that also link to the WFD assessment of benthos, is being continued and is being expanded with additional monitoring aimed at typical HD species as well as indicator-species that are sensitive to damage to the seabed.
c) A statistical analysis has been used to determine the number of monitoring sites per habitat type, in order to be able to detect trends.
d) A statistical analysis has been used to determine the number of monitoring sites per habitat type and with different monitoring equipment, in order to be able to detect changes that differ from natural variation. To distinguish the effects of terminating beam trawling, locations where beam-trawling is prohibited as well as reference locations where it is still allowed are being monitored. Distribution and population size of the invasive exotic species Ensis directus is being monitored in the shellfish monitoring programme.
e) The MSFD Monitoring Plan will be updated annually in a digitally amended supplement based on the latest developments and insights in the area of indicator definitions and measurement methods, for example as a result from (sub) regional coordination within OSPAR. |
a,b) In the art 9 and 10 report in 2012 the Netherlands has opted for a general description of GES under art 9 and a further elaboration of the targets and associated indicators under art 10. These targets and indicators cover all criteria from the Commission Decision as far as they are considered relevant for the Netherlands part of the North Sea. Therefore, they also cover the information requirement for the assessment of the descriptors and targets.
c,d) GES of the Dutch North Sea ecosystem in 2020 implies that biological diversity is maintained and that the quality and distribution of habitats is in line with prevailing physiographic, geographic and climatic conditions.
The distribution of pelagic habitats at EUNIS level 3 is being determined by hydrographical properties such as depth, salinity, current velocity and the source of the water and the occurrence of stratification. No changes in regard to these parameters are expected. These parameters are monitored in the regular monitoring and in different sub-programmes. The most important human impact on the quality of water column habitats are the effects of eutrophication as an effect of the input of nutrients. In the Initial Assessment 2012 it has been concluded that there are no significant direct effects of human activities on zooplankton. The quality of pelagic habitats at EUNIS-3 level is being monitored by the indicators for eutrophication, fish and foodwebs. Whether additional zooplankton monitoring is useful depends on the further development of OSPAR indicators. At this moment it is unclear whether the proposed indexes for zooplankton are meaningful for the Netherlands part of the North Sea. Depending on further development the Netherlands will consider to take part in the Continuous Plankton Recorder programme. An assessment of the effect on the quality of the water column is part of the regular licensing procedure for new human activities. Research into the possible effects of loud impulsive noise on fish larvae is part of the monitoring and evaluation programmes for marine wind farms.
e) The MSFD Monitoring Plan will be updated annually in a digitally amended supplement based on the latest developments and insights in the area of indicator definitions and measurement methods, for example as a result from (sub) regional coordination within OSPAR. |
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| Q5g - Gap-filling date for GES assessment | By2014 |
By2014 |
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| Q5h - Plans to implement monitoring for GES assessment | In 2013, the OSPAR commission designated two prioritised candidate indicators, which can be established as a common indicator in one to two years: decrease in habitat area and extent of physical damage. The indicator on the extent of physical damage is being tested in 2014 and can, depending on the results and a decision in OSPAR on whether to establish this as a common indicator, contribute to the OSPAR Intermediate Assessment in 2017. Depending on whether and, if so, when this process yields any results that the Netherlands can use, the Monitoring Plan will be adjusted as necessary for indicators (13) ‘Distribution and size of common habitats’ and (14) ‘Seabed area that is not disturbed’ in 2015 or 2016. The requirements under the Habitats Directive will have to be observed for this.
In 2013, the OSPAR commission established the multimetric indices for benthic habitats as a common indicator for habitats throughout the Northwest Atlantic region. This indicator is due to be adopted by the North Sea countries jointly between 2014 and 2016. This indicator makes it possible to compare the conditions of similar benthic communities at a regional level, and links up with the methods used under the WFD to assess benthos. In addition, typical composition of species has received the status of ‘prioritised candidate indicator’, which means that it may be adopted as a common indicator in one to two years. This indicator comprises not only ‘typical species’ in accordance with the Habitats Directive, but also a selection of species that are sensitive to sea-floor disturbance.
If necessary and depending on when this OSPAR development will yield results, the Monitoring Plan will be adjusted for indicator (15) indices for the composition of benthic communities in 2015 or 2016. The requirements under the Habitats Directive must be observed.
Part of the benthos is monitored using an innovative sampling method developed by Dutch research institutes. The use of this ‘deep dragging dredge’ yields significant efficiency gains, as the sampling can be done faster and is more reliable than the current method.
Bringing together and, where possible, coordinating monitoring programmes in the North Sea is the focus of a project that is co-financed by the European union (JMP NS/CS). This project delivers proposals for a coherent and efficient monitoring of benthos. Based in knowledge on geographical distribution of benthos in relation to physical properties of the seabed the monitoring can be organised more effectively. In OSPAR this knowledge is shared and underlined (in the OSPAR science agenda) for the Intermediate Assessment in 2017. |
OSPAR has established two prioritised candidate indicators for pelagic habitats: ' Changes of plankton functional types (life form)' and 'Plankton biomass and/or abundance'. If these indicators will be established as common indicators they will possibly contribute to the OSPAR intermediate assessment in 2017. For the indicators for pelagic habitats the Netherlands can in any case use the phytoplankton data from the eutrophication monitoring programme (chlorophyll concentrations & changes in species composition/ indicator type Phaeocystis). At this moment it is unclear whether the proposed indexes for zooplankton are meaningful for the Netherlands part of the North Sea. Depending on further development the Netherlands will consider to take part in the Continuous Plankton Recorder programme.
Depending on whether and, if so, when this process yields any results that the Netherlands can use, the Monitoring Plan will be adjusted as necessary for indicators (13) ‘Distribution and size of common habitats’ and (14) ‘Seabed area that is not disturbed’ in 2015 or 2016. The requirements under the Habitats Directive will have to be observed for this. |
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| Q6a -Relevant targets | Q6a - Environmental target | 1 1a 1j 1k 1l 1m |
1b 1c1 1c2 1d 1h 1i 5b 5c |
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| Q6a - Associated indicator | 1a 1j 1k 1l 1m |
1b 1c1 1d 1i 5b 5c&5d |
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| Q6b - Adequacy for assessment of targets | Q6b_SuitableData | Y |
Y |
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| Q6b_EstablishedMethods | Y |
Y |
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| Q6d_AdequateCapacity | Y |
Y |
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| Q6c - Target updating | Y |
Y |
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| Q6d - Description of programme for targets assessment |
See 5f
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see 5f
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| Q6e - Gap-filling date for targets assessment | By2014 |
By2014 |
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| Q6f - Plans to implement monitoring for targets assessment | |||||||||||||
| Q7a - Relevant activities |
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| Q7b - Description of monitoring of activities | Annex 4 of the Marine Strategy part 2 shows the DPSIR relations between ecosystem elements/descriptors, pressures and activities, as well as how the pressures and activities and their effects are monitored.
Annex 3 of the Marine Strategy part 2 gives the relation between elements from the MSFD Annex 3 and the MSFD monitoring programme. |
Annex 4 of the Marine Strategy part 2 shows the DPSIR relations between ecosystem elements/descriptors, pressures and activities, as well as how the pressures and activities and their effects are monitored.
Annex 3 of the Marine Strategy part 2 gives the relation between elements from the MSFD Annex 3 and the MSFD monitoring programme. |
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| Q7c - Relevant measures | |||||||||||||
| Q7e - Adequacy for assessment of measures | Q7d - Adequate data | Y |
Y |
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| Q7d - Established methods | |||||||||||||
| Q7d - Adequate understanding of GES | Y |
Y |
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| Q7d - Adequate capacity | Y |
Y |
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| Q7d - Addresses activities and pressures | Y |
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| Q7d - Addresses effectiveness of measures | Y |
Y |
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| Q7d - Description of monitoring for measures | The monitoring programme renders quantitative information on the distribution and condition of habitats and the area of habitat damage in the Netherlands part of the Greater North Sea. This information gives insight in the effectiveness of current and future measures. |
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| Q7f - Gap-filling date for activities and measures | By2014 |
By2014 |
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| Q8a - Links to existing Monitoring Programmes |
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| Reference sub-programme | Sub-programme ID | ANSNL-D1346-Sub1-FishingMortality |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub10-Benthos |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub11-UndisturbedSeafloor |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub2-Biomass |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub3-SizeDistr |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub4-SharkRays |
ANSNL-D05-Sub3-OSPAR-Chlorophyll |
ANSNL-D05-Sub6-Phaeocystis |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub1-FishingMortality |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub2-Biomass |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub3-SizeDistr |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub4-SharkRays |
| Sub-programme name | Mobile species - mortality/injury rates from fisheries (targeted and/or incidental) |
Benthic species - abundance and/or biomass |
Other |
Mobile species - abundance and/or biomass |
Mobile species - population characteristics |
Mobile species - population characteristics |
Plankton blooms (biomass, frequency) |
Plankton blooms (biomass, frequency) |
Mobile species - mortality/injury rates from fisheries (targeted and/or incidental) |
Mobile species - abundance and/or biomass |
Mobile species - population characteristics |
Mobile species - population characteristics |
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| Q4g - Sub-programmes | Sub-programme ID | ANSNL-D1346-Sub1-FishingMortality |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub10-Benthos |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub11-UndisturbedSeafloor |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub2-Biomass |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub3-SizeDistr |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub4-SharkRays |
ANSNL-D05-Sub3-OSPAR-Chlorophyll |
ANSNL-D05-Sub6-Phaeocystis |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub1-FishingMortality |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub2-Biomass |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub3-SizeDistr |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub4-SharkRays |
| Sub-programme name | Mobile species - mortality/injury rates from fisheries (targeted and/or incidental) |
Benthic species - abundance and/or biomass |
Other |
Mobile species - abundance and/or biomass |
Mobile species - population characteristics |
Mobile species - population characteristics |
Plankton blooms (biomass, frequency) |
Plankton blooms (biomass, frequency) |
Mobile species - mortality/injury rates from fisheries (targeted and/or incidental) |
Mobile species - abundance and/or biomass |
Mobile species - population characteristics |
Mobile species - population characteristics |
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| Q4k - Monitoring purpose | StateImpact Measures |
StateImpact Pressurse Measures |
Pressurse Activities |
StateImpact Measures |
StateImpact Measures |
StateImpact |
StateImpact Pressurse Measures |
StateImpact |
StateImpact Measures |
StateImpact Measures |
StateImpact Measures |
StateImpact |
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| Q4l - Links of monitoring programmes of other Directives and Conventions | Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) - REGULATION (EU) No 1380/2013 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 11 December 2013 on the Common Fisheries Policy. |
Bird and Habitats Directive (BHD) - Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora: |
Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) - REGULATION (EU) No 1380/2013 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF
THE COUNCIL of 11 December 2013 on the Common Fisheries Policy.
COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 2244/2003 of 18 December 2003 laying down detailed provisions regarding satellite-based Vessel Monitoring Systems.
OSPAR Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR Convention) Ecological Quality Objectives for the North Sea: OSPAR is developing a common indicator on seabed disturbance. |
Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) - REGULATION (EU) No 1380/2013 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 11 December 2013 on the Common Fisheries Policy. |
Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) - REGULATION (EU) No 1380/2013 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 11 December 2013 on the Common Fisheries Policy.
OSPAR Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR Convention). Ecological Quality Objectives for the North Sea. EcoQO on changes in the proportion of large fish. http://www.ospar.org/documents/dbase/publications/p00307/p00307_ecoqo%20handbook%202009%202nd%20edition.pdf |
Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) - REGULATION (EU) No 1380/2013 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 11 December 2013 on the Common Fisheries Policy.
For the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD -Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the Community action in the field of water policy) the International River Commissions have drafted programmes targeted at monitoring the state of waters. These programmes contribute to gain a coherent and comprehensive survey of the state of waters. The programmes are applicable since end 2006. The programmes, including fish monitoring, are summarized in Reports on the Coordination of Surveillance Monitoring Programmes in the River Districts;
Rhine: http://www.iksr.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Dokumente_de/PLEN-CC_06-06d_rev._15.03.07_m.K..pdf.
Meuse: http://www.cipm-icbm.be/files/files/Rapport_faitier_monitoring_Mmonitor_07_1_n_def2_.pdf.
Ems: http://www.ems-eems.nl/uploads/media/070319_Rapport_NL_Tekst.pdf.
Scheldt: link not available. |
OSPAR Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR Convention).
OSPAR Contracting Parties implement the Eutrophication Monitoring Programme (EMP) Agreement (reference number: 2005-4 (as updated in 2013) supersedes the Nutrient Monitoring Programme adopted by OSPAR 1995 (Reference number 1995-5)) [F], which is part of the OSPAR ‘Co-ordinated Environmental Monitoring Programme’ (CEMP) [FF]. It is carried out primarily to assess the extent to which the objectives of the OSPAR Eutrophication Strategy have been met. Contracting Parties apply the OSPAR Common Procedure (Reference number: 2013-8, supersedes agreements 1997-11 and 2002-20.) Monitoring, in the form of repeated measurements of chlorophyll-a concentrations at key locations provides information on direct effects of nutriënt enrichment.
[F] http://www.ospar.org/documents/dbase/decrecs/agreements/05-04e_eut_mon_prog.doc.
[FF] http://www.ospar.org/documents/dbase/decrecs/agreements/10-01e_the%20cemp.doc |
OSPAR Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR Convention). OSPAR Contracting Parties implement the Eutrophication Monitoring Programme (EMP) Agreement (reference number: 2005-4 (as updated in 2013) supersedes the Nutrient Monitoring Programme adopted by OSPAR 1995 (Reference number 1995-5)) [F], which is part of the OSPAR ‘Co-ordinated Environmental Monitoring Programme’ (CEMP) [FF] It is carried out primarily to assess the extent to which the objectives of the OSPAR Eutrophication Strategy have been met Contracting Parties apply the OSPAR Common Procedure (Reference number: 2013-8, supersedes agreements 1997-11 and 2002-20.) Monitoring of biomass and duration of blooms of area-specific phytoplankton indicator species for eutrophication (phaeocystis for the Netherlands) provides information on direct effects of nutriënt enrichment.
[F] http://www.ospar.org/documents/dbase/decrecs/agreements/05-04e_eut_mon_prog.doc.
[FF] http://www.ospar.org/documents/dbase/decrecs/agreements/10-01e_the%20cemp.doc
WFD: Within the 1-mile coastal zone, where WFD and OSPAR overlap, monitoring also complies to WFD standards. |
Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) - REGULATION (EU) No 1380/2013 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 11 December 2013 on the Common Fisheries Policy. |
Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) - REGULATION (EU) No 1380/2013 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 11 December 2013 on the Common Fisheries Policy. |
Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) - REGULATION (EU) No 1380/2013 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 11 December 2013 on the Common Fisheries Policy.
OSPAR Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR Convention). Ecological Quality Objectives for the North Sea. EcoQO on changes in the proportion of large fish. http://www.ospar.org/documents/dbase/publications/p00307/p00307_ecoqo%20handbook%202009%202nd%20edition.pdf |
Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) - REGULATION (EU) No 1380/2013 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 11 December 2013 on the Common Fisheries Policy.
For the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD -Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the Community action in the field of water policy) the International River Commissions have drafted programmes targeted at monitoring the state of waters. These programmes contribute to gain a coherent and comprehensive survey of the state of waters. The programmes are applicable since end 2006. The programmes, including fish monitoring, are summarized in Reports on the Coordination of Surveillance Monitoring Programmes in the River Districts;
Rhine: http://www.iksr.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Dokumente_de/PLEN-CC_06-06d_rev._15.03.07_m.K..pdf.
Meuse: http://www.cipm-icbm.be/files/files/Rapport_faitier_monitoring_Mmonitor_07_1_n_def2_.pdf.
Ems: http://www.ems-eems.nl/uploads/media/070319_Rapport_NL_Tekst.pdf.
Scheldt: link not available. |
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| Q5c - Features | Q5c - Habitats |
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| Q5c - Species list |
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| Q5c - Physical/Chemical features |
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| Q5c - Pressures |
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| Q9a - Elements |
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| Q5a - GES criteria | Relevant GES criteria |
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| Q5b - GES indicators | Relevant GES indicators |
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| Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) | Species distribution |
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| Species population size |
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| Species population characteristics |
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| Species impacts |
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| Habitat distribution |
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| Habitat extent |
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| Habitat condition (physical-chemical) |
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| Q9b - Parameters monitored (pressures) | Pressure input | ||||||||||||
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| Q9b - Parameters monitored (activity) | Activity |
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| Q9b Parameters monitored (other) | Other | ||||||||||||
| Q41 Spatial scope | WFD_CW TerritorialWaters EEZ CS BeyondMSwaters |
WFD_CW TerritorialWaters EEZ |
WFD_CW TerritorialWaters EEZ |
WFD_CW TerritorialWaters EEZ CS BeyondMSwaters |
WFD_CW TerritorialWaters EEZ CS BeyondMSwaters |
MSland_FW WFD_TW WFD_CW TerritorialWaters EEZ CS BeyondMSwaters |
WFD_CW TerritorialWaters EEZ |
WFD_CW TerritorialWaters EEZ |
WFD_CW TerritorialWaters EEZ CS BeyondMSwaters |
WFD_CW TerritorialWaters EEZ CS BeyondMSwaters |
WFD_CW TerritorialWaters EEZ CS BeyondMSwaters |
MSland_FW WFD_TW WFD_CW TerritorialWaters EEZ CS BeyondMSwaters |
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| Q4j - Description of spatial scope | ICES fish stock assessments for the North Sea are used. These data render a better insight in the fishing mortality than information on the Netherlands EEZ only, because the fish stocks are not limited to the Netherlands EEZ.
Stock monitoring is not confined to the boundaries of the Dutch part of the North Sea but covers various ICES areas. The Dutch part of the North Sea is located within areas IVb AND IVc. The Netherlands also conducts surveys outside the Dutch part of the North Sea, as other Member States conduct surveys within the boundaries of the Dutch part of the North Sea. |
The Habitats Directive and MSFD are both intended to ensure protection of the sea-floor habitat. The monitoring therefore focuses on the information requirement that follows from both directives. In the Marine Stategy Part I (2012) the Netherlands has decided to use benthos for biodiversity-criteria from the Commission Decision (COM 2010/477/EU) on species-level as well as on habitat- level.
For reasons of cost efficiency and consistency, the MSFD Monitoring Plan follows the existing HD and WFD Monitoring Programmes wherever possible. Any outstanding monitoring demands can be met using the extensive MWTL benthos measurement network, supplemented with information from the WOT (statutory research tasks) for Fisheries (shellfish surveys section) and by means of supplementary area monitoring. The measurement sites are all supplementary to the existing measurement networks in the coastal zone and the EEZ.
The required number of samples per type and per habitat has been determined using statistical analysis. Where relevant, the distribution of indicative seabed-communities within habitats and within areas where the seafloor is protectedhas been taken into account. Within these areas the sample locations are randomly distributed (stratified random sampling).
Additionally some boxcorer sampling locationd from MWTL will be continued, on behalf of continuity and to keep the possibility to compare with measurements from the past |
This indicator is regarded as an administrative indicator. The undisturbed surface of the seabed is calculated on the basis of sand extraction data from Rijkswaterstaat’s licensing database and data on the intensity of fishing activities from the Vessel Monitoring System (VMS). |
ICES fish stock assessments for the North Sea are used. These data render a better insight in the spawning stock biomass than information on the Netherlands EEZ only, because the fish stocks are not limited to the Netherlands EEZ.
Stock monitoring is not confined to the boundaries of the Dutch part of the North Sea but covers various ICES areas. The Dutch part of the North Sea is located within areas IVb AND IVc. The Netherlands also conducts surveys outside the Dutch part of the North Sea, as other Member States conduct surveys within the boundaries of the Dutch part of the North Sea. |
The indicator on size distribution of fish species requires data collection by independent research ships. This data is collected according to the Common Fisheries Policy allthough additional assessment of the data is necessary. It is expected that this indicator will be further developed within ICES framework. |
For sharks, skates and rays data comes from the ICES fish stock assessments and also from by-catch records (see subprogrammes ANSNL-D1346-Sub1-FishingMortality, ANSNL-D1346-Sub2-Biomass and ANSNL-D1346-Sub5-Discards). Stock monitoring is not confined to the boundaries of the Dutch part of the North Sea but covers various ICES areas. The Dutch part of the North Sea is located within areas IVb AND IVc. The Netherlands also conducts surveys outside the Dutch part of the North Sea, as other Member States conduct surveys within the boundaries of the Dutch part of the North Sea.
For diadromous fish, monitoring comprises information from landside passage monitoring (PASMON) because these species are not frequently encountered in the regular fish surveys at sea. |
The programme covers OSPAR maritime area, divided into suitable assessment units. COMP 2013 para 2.11 “Contracting Parties should divide their waters in the OSPAR maritime area into suitable assessment units based on the relevant physical features. This process of characterisation could be undertaken in accordance with the Annex II to the Water Framework Directive. Guidance on this typology is given in Section 3.” The Eutrophication Monitoring Programme (EMP) is related to the Comprehensive Procedure that contains a screening procedure to inform riskbased monitoring. There is a differentiation in monitoring effort (spatial and temporal intensity and frequency) depending on eutrophication status. Monitoring programme is designed on a risk-based approach, so that monitoring effort is concentrated on ‘at-risk’ areas. Monitoring is conducted as recommended by the OSPAR Common Procedure (i.e. in accordance with the OSPAR Agreement on a Eutrophication Monitoring Programme).
http://www.ospar.org/documents/dbase/decrecs/agreements/05-04e_eut_mon_prog.doc |
The programme covers OSPAR maritime area, divided into suitable assessment units. COMP 2013 para 2.11
“Contracting Parties should divide their waters in the OSPAR maritime area into suitable assessment units
based on the relevant physical features. This process of characterisation could be undertaken in accordance
with the Annex II to the Water Framework Directive. Guidance on this typology is given in Section 3.” The
Eutrophication Monitoring Programme (EMP) is related to the Comprehensive Procedure that contains a
screening procedure to inform riskbased monitoring. There is a differentiation in monitoring effort (spatial
and temporal intensity and frequency) depending on eutrophication status. Monitoring programme is
designed on a risk-based approach, so that monitoring effort is concentrated on ‘at-risk’ areas. Monitoring is
conducted as recommended by the OSPAR Common Procedure (i.e. in accordance with the OSPAR
Agreement on a Eutrophication Monitoring Programme).
http://www.ospar.org/documents/dbase/decrecs/agreements/05-04e_eut_mon_prog.doc |
ICES fish stock assessments for the North Sea are used. These data render a better insight in the fishing mortality than information on the Netherlands EEZ only, because the fish stocks are not limited to the Netherlands EEZ.
Stock monitoring is not confined to the boundaries of the Dutch part of the North Sea but covers various ICES areas. The Dutch part of the North Sea is located within areas IVb AND IVc. The Netherlands also conducts surveys outside the Dutch part of the North Sea, as other Member States conduct surveys within the boundaries of the Dutch part of the North Sea. |
ICES fish stock assessments for the North Sea are used. These data render a better insight in the spawning stock biomass than information on the Netherlands EEZ only, because the fish stocks are not limited to the Netherlands EEZ.
Stock monitoring is not confined to the boundaries of the Dutch part of the North Sea but covers various ICES areas. The Dutch part of the North Sea is located within areas IVb AND IVc. The Netherlands also conducts surveys outside the Dutch part of the North Sea, as other Member States conduct surveys within the boundaries of the Dutch part of the North Sea. |
The indicator on size distribution of fish species requires data collection by independent research ships. This data is collected according to the Common Fisheries Policy allthough additional assessment of the data is necessary. It is expected that this indicator will be further developed within ICES framework. |
For sharks, skates and rays data comes from the ICES fish stock assessments and also from by-catch records (see subprogrammes ANSNL-D1346-Sub1-FishingMortality, ANSNL-D1346-Sub2-Biomass and ANSNL-D1346-Sub5-Discards). Stock monitoring is not confined to the boundaries of the Dutch part of the North Sea but covers various ICES areas. The Dutch part of the North Sea is located within areas IVb AND IVc. The Netherlands also conducts surveys outside the Dutch part of the North Sea, as other Member States conduct surveys within the boundaries of the Dutch part of the North Sea.
For diadromous fish, monitoring comprises information from landside passage monitoring (PASMON) because these species are not frequently encountered in the regular fish surveys at sea. |
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| Marine Unit IDs |
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| Q4h - Temporal scope | Start date- End date | 1969-9999 |
2014-9999 |
2014-9999 |
1969-9999 |
2014-9999 |
2014-9999 |
1987-9999 |
1990-9999 |
1969-9999 |
1969-9999 |
2014-9999 |
2014-9999 |
| Q9h - Temporal resolution of sampling |
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| Q9c - Monitoring method | Fishing mortality has been fully incorporated into the existing monitoring programmes relating to the Statutory Research Tasks for Fisheries (WOT) and the Data Collection Framework (DCF, coordinated by ICES).
Information from, among others, the following monitoring programmes is used: Sole Net Survey (SNS) [A], Demersal Young Fish Survey (DYFS) [B], International Bottom Trawl Survey (IBTS) [C], International Herring Larvae Surveys (IHLS)[D], Mackerel and horse mackerel eggs [E] , Beam trawl Survey (BTS)[B]
Links to ICES working groups and methodology:
[A] ICES WGNSSK - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGNSSK.aspx
[B] ICES WBEAM - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGBEAM.aspx
[C] http://www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/ICES%20Survey%20Protocols%20%28SISP%29/SISP1-IBTSVIII.pdf.
[D] ICES WGIPS – http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGIPS.aspx
[E] ICES WGMEGS - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGMEGS.aspx |
The regular survey networks that will be used are: The Rijkswaterstaat MWTL benthos measurement network [A], supplemented with information from the WOT (statutory research tasks from the Ministry of Economic Affairs) for Fisheries (shellfish surveys section [B] )
[A] MWTL Meetplan 2015 (will be available at http://www.helpdeskwater.nl/onderwerpen/monitoring/gegevensinwinning/ ).
[B] WOT 05-406-008 - http://www.wageningenur.nl/nl/project/Monitoring-schelpdierbestanden.htm. Most recent report, including methodology: http://edepot.wur.nl/278820.
Before sea-floor protection measures come into effect, the baseline situation of the areas protected under the MSFD and HD (baseline measurement) is determined.
Sampling is focused on the designated areas protected under the HD and on the MSFD areas of search for sea floor protection. Within those, both areas under protective measures and relevant reference areas that are not under protective measures are covered. Within each of these areas, the measurement locations are randomly distributed. With the exception of the ‘medium-deep mixed sand’ of the Southern Bight, the ‘common habitats’ reported in the MSFD Initial Assessment are thus also covered at EUNIS level 3. For this reason, the Southern Bight is sampled – additionally – in the same way as the protected areas.
Table 7 of the Marine Strategy Part II (Par. 9.2.1, Page 84) gives an overview of the number and distribution of sampling locations, as well as the monitoring method and sampled habitat types. |
The undisturbed surface of the sea floor is calculated on the basis of sand extraction data from Rijkswaterstaat’s licensing database and the fishery data from the Vessel Monitoring System (VMS).
Sand extraction
The ICES working group on Effects of Extraction of Marine Sediments on the Marine Ecosystem (WGEXT) publishes annual reports for OSPAR with summary of data on marine sediment extraction for the OSPAR Area. The data are extracted from a database in which all licences for sand extraction are registered. all companies that intend to extract sand from the North Sea, have to apply for a licence to Rijkswaterstaat, based on the 'Besluit Ontgrondingen in Rijkswateren' http://wetten.overheid.nl/BWBR0023362).
See http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGEXT.aspx.
Intensity of fishing activities VMS)
Ships are being electronically followed with the Vessel Monitoring Systems (VMS) deployed by the Fisheries Monitoring Centre (FMC) of the Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA) in Echt. All fishery vessels send a signal to a satelite. The data (position, speeds and direction) are directly transferred to the FMC. These data can be analysed to show where a ship was fishing with which method, and whether or not this caused seabed disturbance. ICES and OSPAR are jointly developing a coordinated method, see http://www.ices.dk/news-and-events/news-archive/news/Pages/ICES-maps-the-intensity-of-fishing-activities-affecting-the-seabed-.aspx. |
Spawning Stock Biomass has been fully incorporated into the existing monitoring programmes relating to the Statutory Research Tasks for Fisheries (WOT) and the Data Collection Framework (DCF, coordinated by ICES).
Information from, among others, the following monitoring programmes is used: Sole Net Survey (SNS) [A], Demersal Young Fish Survey (DYFS) [B], International Bottom Trawl Survey (IBTS) [C], International Herring Larvae Surveys (IHLS)[D], Mackerel and horse mackerel eggs [E], Beam trawl Survey (BTS)[B]
Links to ICES working groups and methodology:
[A] ICES WGNSSK - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGNSSK.aspx
[B] ICES WGBEAM - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGBEAM.aspx
[C] http://www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/ICES%20Survey%20Protocols%20%28SISP%29/SISP1-IBTSVIII.pdf.
[D] ICES WGIPS – http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGIPS.aspx
[E] ICES WGMEGS - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGMEGS.aspx |
Size distribution is not a standard parameter yet, however, the required data for the assessment is available through the regular surveys that are done for the DCF. Additional analyses of the data are necessary. The required data can be derived from the current database and based on this information the size distribution can be determined. |
Stock monitoring and monitoring of discards has been fully incorporated into the existing monitoring programmes relating to the Statutory Research Tasks for Fisheries (WOT) and the Data Collection Framework (DCF, coordinated by ICES).
Based on the requirements of the DCF 90% of the Dutch fisheries should be covered by a monitoring programme. These programmes aim to get insight in the quantity as well as the composition of discards, unless these are less than 5%. Based on EU regulation 812/2004 research has to be carried out on the bycatch of cetatceans.
A large part of the data is being gathered outside the Netherlands part of the North Sea.
Information from, among others, the following monitoring programmes is used: Sole Net Survey (SNS) [A], Demersal Young Fish Survey (DYFS) [B], International Bottom Trawl Survey (IBTS) [C], International Herring Larvae Surveys (IHLS)[D], Mackerel and horse mackerel eggs [E], Beam trawl Survey (BTS)[B]. International coordination of the collection of data on discard is being done by the ICES Planning Group on Commercial Catch, Discards and Biological Sampling, PGCCDBS. http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/PGCCDBS.aspx.
Links to ICES working groups and methodology:
[A] ICES WGNSSK - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGNSSK.aspx.
[B] ICES WGBEAM - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGBEAM.aspx.
[C] http://www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/ICES%20Survey%20Protocols%20%28SISP%29/SISP1-IBTSVIII.pdf.
[D] ICES WGIPS – http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGIPS.aspx.
[E] ICES WGMEGS - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGMEGS.aspx.
For the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD -Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the Community action in the field of water policy) the International Commission for Protection of the Rhine (ICPR), the International Commission for the Meuse, the Ems/Eems commission and the International Scheldt Commission have drafted programmes targeted at monitoring the state of waters. These programmes contribute to gain a coherent and comprehensive survey of the state of waters. The programmes are applicable since end 2006. The programmes, including fish monitoring, are summarized in Reports on the Coordination of Surveillance Monitoring Programmes in the River Districts;
Rhine: http://www.iksr.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Dokumente_de/PLEN-CC_06-06d_rev._15.03.07_m.K..pdf.
Meuse: http://www.cipm-icbm.be/files/files/Rapport_faitier_monitoring_Mmonitor_07_1_n_def2_.pdf .
Ems: http://www.ems-eems.nl/uploads/media/070319_Rapport_NL_Tekst.pdf .
Scheldt: link not available. |
JAMP Eutrophication monitoring guidelines on chlorophyll - revised cf. OSPAR Agreement 2012-11.
http://www.ospar.org/documents/dbase/decrecs/agreements/12- 11e_JAMP_GL_Chrolophyll.doc |
JAMP Eutrophication Monitoring Guidelines on Phytoplankton Species Composition cf. OSPAR agreement 1997-05: http://www.ospar.org/documents/dbase/decrecs/agreements/97-05e.doc |
Fishing mortality has been fully incorporated into the existing monitoring programmes relating to the Statutory Research Tasks for Fisheries (WOT) and the Data Collection Framework (DCF, coordinated by ICES).
Information from, among others, the following monitoring programmes is used: Sole Net Survey (SNS) [A], Demersal Young Fish Survey (DYFS) [B], International Bottom Trawl Survey (IBTS) [C], International Herring Larvae Surveys (IHLS)[D], Mackerel and horse mackerel eggs [E] , Beam trawl Survey (BTS)[B]
Links to ICES working groups and methodology:
[A] ICES WGNSSK - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGNSSK.aspx
[B] ICES WBEAM - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGBEAM.aspx
[C] http://www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/ICES%20Survey%20Protocols%20%28SISP%29/SISP1-IBTSVIII.pdf.
[D] ICES WGIPS – http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGIPS.aspx
[E] ICES WGMEGS - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGMEGS.aspx |
Spawning Stock Biomass has been fully incorporated into the existing monitoring programmes relating to the Statutory Research Tasks for Fisheries (WOT) and the Data Collection Framework (DCF, coordinated by ICES).
Information from, among others, the following monitoring programmes is used: Sole Net Survey (SNS) [A], Demersal Young Fish Survey (DYFS) [B], International Bottom Trawl Survey (IBTS) [C], International Herring Larvae Surveys (IHLS)[D], Mackerel and horse mackerel eggs [E], Beam trawl Survey (BTS)[B]
Links to ICES working groups and methodology:
[A] ICES WGNSSK - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGNSSK.aspx
[B] ICES WGBEAM - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGBEAM.aspx
[C] http://www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/ICES%20Survey%20Protocols%20%28SISP%29/SISP1-IBTSVIII.pdf.
[D] ICES WGIPS – http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGIPS.aspx
[E] ICES WGMEGS - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGMEGS.aspx |
Size distribution is not a standard parameter yet, however, the required data for the assessment is available through the regular surveys that are done for the DCF. Additional analyses of the data are necessary. The required data can be derived from the current database and based on this information the size distribution can be determined. |
Stock monitoring and monitoring of discards has been fully incorporated into the existing monitoring programmes relating to the Statutory Research Tasks for Fisheries (WOT) and the Data Collection Framework (DCF, coordinated by ICES).
Based on the requirements of the DCF 90% of the Dutch fisheries should be covered by a monitoring programme. These programmes aim to get insight in the quantity as well as the composition of discards, unless these are less than 5%. Based on EU regulation 812/2004 research has to be carried out on the bycatch of cetatceans.
A large part of the data is being gathered outside the Netherlands part of the North Sea.
Information from, among others, the following monitoring programmes is used: Sole Net Survey (SNS) [A], Demersal Young Fish Survey (DYFS) [B], International Bottom Trawl Survey (IBTS) [C], International Herring Larvae Surveys (IHLS)[D], Mackerel and horse mackerel eggs [E], Beam trawl Survey (BTS)[B]. International coordination of the collection of data on discard is being done by the ICES Planning Group on Commercial Catch, Discards and Biological Sampling, PGCCDBS. http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/PGCCDBS.aspx.
Links to ICES working groups and methodology:
[A] ICES WGNSSK - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGNSSK.aspx.
[B] ICES WGBEAM - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGBEAM.aspx.
[C] http://www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/ICES%20Survey%20Protocols%20%28SISP%29/SISP1-IBTSVIII.pdf.
[D] ICES WGIPS – http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGIPS.aspx.
[E] ICES WGMEGS - http://www.ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/WGMEGS.aspx.
For the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD -Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the Community action in the field of water policy) the International Commission for Protection of the Rhine (ICPR), the International Commission for the Meuse, the Ems/Eems commission and the International Scheldt Commission have drafted programmes targeted at monitoring the state of waters. These programmes contribute to gain a coherent and comprehensive survey of the state of waters. The programmes are applicable since end 2006. The programmes, including fish monitoring, are summarized in Reports on the Coordination of Surveillance Monitoring Programmes in the River Districts;
Rhine: http://www.iksr.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Dokumente_de/PLEN-CC_06-06d_rev._15.03.07_m.K..pdf.
Meuse: http://www.cipm-icbm.be/files/files/Rapport_faitier_monitoring_Mmonitor_07_1_n_def2_.pdf .
Ems: http://www.ems-eems.nl/uploads/media/070319_Rapport_NL_Tekst.pdf .
Scheldt: link not available. |
|
| Q9d - Description of alteration to method | OSPAR EMP: http://www.ospar.org/documents/dbase/decrecs/agreements/05-04e_eut_mon_prog.doc; (See JAMP guidelines in 9c) |
OSPAR EMP: http://www.ospar.org/documents/dbase/decrecs/agreements/05-04e_eut_mon_prog.doc;
(See JAMP guidelines in 9c) |
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| Q9e - Quality assurance |
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| Q9f - Quality control | OtherQC |
OtherQC |
OtherQC |
OtherQC |
OtherQC |
OtherQC |
OtherQC |
OtherQC |
OtherQC |
OtherQC |
OtherQC |
OtherQC |
|
| Q9g - Spatial resolution of sampling | Q9g - Proportion of area covered % | 100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
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| Q9g - No. of samples | See links in Q9c for information on where and how often the surveys are conducted |
MWTL Benthos: Benthos is monitored on approximately 514 locations. This number is excluding the monitoring that is being carried out in order to determine the effectiveness of seafloor protection measures. See table 7 on page 84 of the Marine Strategy part II.
WOT Shellfish monitoring: The Dutch part of the “Noordzeekustzone” is monitored on the presence of shellfish. Along the coast approximately 855 locations are monitored each year.
Supplementary area monitoring: On top of the 514 locations from the MWTL, at least another 95 locations are monitored. For the Voordelta the number of extra locations has not yet been determined. See table 7 on page 84 of the Marine Strategy part II. |
Continuous registration of activities covering the entire Netherlands part of the North Sea. |
See links in Q9c for information on where and how often the surveys are conducted |
See links in Q9c for information on where and how often the surveys are conducted |
See links in Q9c for information on where and how often the surveys are conducted |
In a 6-yr MSFD cycle all waters are sampled, because even areas not at-risk are subject to periodic checks as part of OSPAR COMP.
The spatial resolution of nutrient monitoring is informed by the EMP screening procedure based on identifying areas with consistently low nutrients, as set out in the Comprehensive
Procedure. The screening procedure enables a risk-based monitoring programme to be established. There is a differentiation in monitoring effort (spatial resolution) depending
on eutrophication status. The monitoring programme is designed on a risk-based approach, so that monitoring effort is concentrated on ‘at-risk’ areas, referring to areas where there are eutrophication problems. Monitoring is less frequent in areas where there are no eutrophication problems. |
Approximately 154 samples per year are taken |
See links in Q9c for information on where and how often the surveys are conducted |
See links in Q9c for information on where and how often the surveys are conducted |
See links in Q9c for information on where and how often the surveys are conducted |
See links in Q9c for information on where and how often the surveys are conducted |
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| Q9i - Description of sample representivity | Temporal frequency: MWTL Benthos – every 3 years: 2015, 2018 and 2021. WOT Shellfish monitoring: yearly. Supplementary area monitoring: every 3 years. |
Demand driven data collection. Monitoring is at frequencies recommended by the OSPAR Common Procedure (OSPAR Eutrophication Monitoring Programme Agreement) [F] - COMP
recommendations: (1) Non-problem areas – about every three years during winter; (2) Potential problem areas and Problem areas – annually during winter when algal growth is at a minimum and during monitoring of direct and indirect effect.
The Netherlands has identified 4 OSPAR areas, of which 2 areas (Coastal Waters and the Southern Bight) are assessed as problem areas for the period 2006-2012, and 2 areas (Oyster Grounds and Dogger Bank) are assessed as Non-Problem areas. At present all areas are monitored anually. |
Temporal resolution of sampling varies, depending on the distance to the coast and based on the risk-based aproach.
Monitoring is at freqencies recommended by the OSPAR Common Procedure (OSPAR Eutophication Monitoring Programme Agreement) [F] |
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| Q10a - Scale for aggregation of data |
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| Q10b - Other scale for aggregation of data | OSPAR Common Procedure guidance on aggregation paragraphs 1.2, 3.3, 3.4 and 3.5 [F] OSPAR Agreement Reference number: 2013-8; http://www.ospar.org/v_measures/get_page.asp?v0=13-08e_common_proc_eutrophication.doc&v1=5 |
OSPAR Common Procedure guidance [F] on aggregation paragraphs 1.2, 3.3, 3.4 and 3.5.
[F] OSPAR Agreement Reference number: 2013-8; http://www.ospar.org/v_measures/get_page.asp?v0=13-08e_common_proc_eutrophication.doc&v1=5 |
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| Q10c - Access to monitoring data | Q10c - Data type | ProcessedData DataProducts |
ProcessedData DataProducts |
DataProducts |
ProcessedData DataProducts |
ProcessedData DataProducts |
ProcessedData DataProducts |
UnprocessedData |
ProcessedData DataProducts |
ProcessedData DataProducts |
ProcessedData DataProducts |
ProcessedData DataProducts |
ProcessedData DataProducts |
| Q10c - Data access mechanism | LocationInternationalDC |
URLdownload |
LocationInternationalDC |
LocationInternationalDC |
LocationInternationalDC |
LocationInternationalDC |
URLdownload |
URLdownload |
LocationInternationalDC |
LocationInternationalDC |
LocationInternationalDC |
LocationInternationalDC |
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| Q10c - Data access rights | Open |
Open |
Open |
Open |
Open |
Open |
Open |
Open |
Open |
Open |
Open |
Open |
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| Q10c - INSPIRE standard | SpeciesDistribution |
EnvMonitoringFacilities |
LandUse |
SpeciesDistribution |
SpeciesDistribution |
SpeciesDistribution |
EnvMonitoringFacilities |
EnvMonitoringFacilities |
SpeciesDistribution |
SpeciesDistribution |
SpeciesDistribution |
SpeciesDistribution |
|
| Q10c Date data are available | 2015-12 |
2016-12 |
2015-12 |
2015-12 |
2015-12 |
2015-12 |
2014-06 |
2015-12 |
2015-12 |
2015-12 |
2015-12 |
2015-12 |
|
| Q10c - Data update frequency | Yearly |
Yearly |
Yearly |
Yearly |
Yearly |
Yearly |
Yearly |
Yearly |
Yearly |
Yearly |
Yearly |
Yearly |
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| Q10d - Description of data access | All information collected by the member states, is transferred to ICES, which combines and assesses all the data. This information is available via the ICES website via the link: http://standardgraphs.ices.dk/stocklist.aspx |
Each year in December a basic MSFD-datafile will be made available via the website of the Informatiehuis Marien (http://www.informatiehuismarien.nl/). |
The website of the Informatiehuis Marien will periodically make available maps to visualise sand extraction and the intensity of fishing activities as a measure for seabed disturbance. Data on seabed disturbance by fishing activities will in the future probably be made available through ICES. |
All information collected by the member states, is transferred to ICES, which combines and assesses all the data. This information is available via the ICES website via the link: http://standardgraphs.ices.dk/stocklist.aspx |
All information collected by the member states, is transferred to ICES, which combines and assesses all the data. This information is available via the ICES website via the link: http://standardgraphs.ices.dk/stocklist.aspx |
For the fish stock and discards surveys all information collected by the member states, is transferred to ICES, which combines and assesses all the data. This information is available via the ICES website via the link: http://standardgraphs.ices.dk/stocklist.aspx. For the diadromous fish data is available via http://www.waterkwaliteitsportaal.nl/ and assessment products via the International River Commissions. |
Monitoring data reported by Contracting Parties to OSPAR under the Coordinated Environmental Monitoring Programme (of which the Eutrophication Monitoring Programme is a part) are managed on behalf of OSPAR by ICES.
OSPAR Contracting Parties prefer to make data available via the use of existing data stream with a yearly data submissions mechanisms: through ICES http://ocean.ices.dk/HydChem/HydChem.aspx?plot=yes and WISE WFD http://water.europa.eu/. This has the benefit of additional QA checks. |
Monitoring data reported by Contracting Parties to OSPAR under the Coordinated Environmental Monitoring Programme (of which the Eutrophication Monitoring Programme is a part) are managed on behalf of OSPAR by ICES.
Each year in December a basic MSFD-datafile will be made available via the website of the Informatiehuis Marien (http://www.informatiehuismarien.nl/) |
All information collected by the member states, is transferred to ICES, which combines and assesses all the data. This information is available via the ICES website via the link: http://standardgraphs.ices.dk/stocklist.aspx |
All information collected by the member states, is transferred to ICES, which combines and assesses all the data. This information is available via the ICES website via the link: http://standardgraphs.ices.dk/stocklist.aspx |
All information collected by the member states, is transferred to ICES, which combines and assesses all the data. This information is available via the ICES website via the link: http://standardgraphs.ices.dk/stocklist.aspx |
For the fish stock and discards surveys all information collected by the member states, is transferred to ICES, which combines and assesses all the data. This information is available via the ICES website via the link: http://standardgraphs.ices.dk/stocklist.aspx. For the diadromous fish data is available via http://www.waterkwaliteitsportaal.nl/ and assessment products via the International River Commissions. |
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Descriptor |
D6/D1 |
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Monitoring strategy description |
The principal purpose of the MSFD monitoring programme is to review the progress that has been made towards achieving good environmental status prescribed for each criterion in the Marine Strategy Part I (2018). This review is based on established indicators. The monitoring can also be used to evaluate the environmental targets defined for each descriptor. The environmental targets are operational in nature and are linked to specific actions and/or measures in the Marine Strategy Part 3. The effects of individual measures cannot generally be linked directly to environmental status or the criteria. Monitoring data can, however, indirectly give an indication of the effectiveness of measures.
The monitoring (methods, spatial and temporal coverage) aims to achieve sufficient statistical confidence in the assessment. The risk of not achieving GES or deterioration from GES is addressed in the Marine Strategy, Parts 1 and 3.
The European Commission requests that the electronic reports explain how the DPSIR cycle is monitored and to which part of the cycle the monitoring surveys are linked. The MSFD monitoring programme helps to generate better insight into the relationships between the use of the sea and the marine ecosystem. This can be accomplished by monitoring pressures and the underlying activities (D1C1: incidental bycatch, D2: non-indigenous species, D3C1: fish mortality, D5: eutrophication, D6C1/D6C4: physical loss of seabed/habitats and D6C2: fisheries intensity and sand extraction, D8 and D9: pollutants, D10: litter, D11: underwater noise), and by monitoring species and habitats (D1: biodiversity (with the exception of D1C1), D3C2: spawning stock biomass, D4: food web, D6C3/D6C5: habitats ) and hydrographical characteristics (D7). The numerous relationships between the various elements of the marine ecosystem are complex, and many are still not known. Consequently, it is often only possible to give an indication of the impact of specific activities on the marine ecosystem.
Experts generally derive DPSIR relationships from the monitoring of pressures/activities and of species and habitats (from the MSFD monitoring programme), in combination with data derived from permits and research programmes. However, some surveys have been established to measure pressures and their effects and/or to learn more about the effectiveness of measures. In designing the monitoring survey for benthic animals (habitats), the Netherlands explicitly took account of the need to |
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Coverage of GES criteria |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
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Gaps and plans |
There are no monitoring gaps for D6. Although the monitoring programme is adequate, it is important to keep building upon international collaboration, for example to improve data analysis (see D6C2 and D6C5). |
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Related targets |
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Coverage of targets |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
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Related measures |
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Coverage of measures |
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014 |
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Related monitoring programmes |
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Programme code |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub10-Benthos |
ANSNL-D1346-Sub11-UndisturbedSeafloor |
ANSNL-D6-Seabed habitats-distribution and extent |
ANSNL-D6-fysieke verstoring door visserij |
ANSNL-D6-fysieke verstoring door zandwinning |
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Programme name |
Benthic species - abundance and/or biomass |
Physical loss- distribution and extent |
Seabed habitats-distribution and extent |
Physical disturbance-from bottom contacting fishing gear |
Physical disturbance-from sand extraction |
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Update type |
Same programme as in 2014 |
Modified from 2014 |
New programme |
New programme |
New programme |
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Old programme codes |
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Programme description |
D6C3
The information requirements for the MSFD are linked to those for the Habitats Directive (HD), and specifically the Natura 2000 areas. Both directives are intended to protect the seafloor habitats. For an evaluation of GES, changes have to be identified; monitoring has to indicate whether, and preferably to what extent, improvements are occurring over time. The monitoring focuses on a selection of species that as a whole are indicative of the structure and function of the habitats, of disturbance by human activities, and of the degree of recovery. The surveys focus mainly on seabed protection areas, with the most suitable monitoring technique being selected for each type of indicator. However, in the interests of good coverage of the DCS (relatively speaking, as intensively as the seabed protection areas), the Bruine Bank area is also monitored. This area is deemed to be representative of the Southern Bight. Additional, less intensive monitoring in other parts of the DCS also provides a general impression of the status of the DCS. There is also specific monitoring to assess the effectiveness of measures. Areas in which protective measures have been taken are compared with reference areas with the same habitat composition where no protective measures have been taken (Before-After-Control-Impact [BACI] design). It is not yet possible to formulate threshold values for environmental targets and GES, so the point of departure is to be able to establish trends and/or significant differences in the situation when various measurements are in place and the baseline situation in 2015. The monitoring provides insight into changes in the presence and distribution of indicator species, including most of the typical species (benthos) under the Habitats Directive. The selected species are indicative of various pressure factors and of (initial) recovery. The monitoring surveys are designed is such a way that on the basis of the hit rate at least a change of 50 percent in the spatial distribution of at least some indicator species between two measurements can be observed. The reliability of this observation is 95 percent and it provides a basis for conclusions that will probably be correct in 80 percent of cases (actual power). The quality status of a habitat, the achievement towards GES and the effectiveness of measures are assessed on the basis of changes in the spatial distribution of populations or where possible abundance of indicator species. The suitability o |
To establish whether GES is maintained it must be possible to determine the physical loss of both seabed and habitats. Every activity that could lead to physical loss (to a significant extent) of the seabed must be covered. The Netherlands regulates all activities that could lead to physical loss, as well as compensation in case of significant loss. Accordingly, no structural monitoring is required for the evaluation of environmental status, which therefore is an administrative analysis. Licensing conditions and general rules prescribe that on completion of the construction of a wind farm or the laying of a pipeline the as-built data must be provided to Rijkswaterstaat. These data are then entered in GIS files, which can also be consulted by third parties. Rijkswaterstaat’s Sea and Delta unit is responsible for keeping these records up to date. |
To establish whether GES is maintained it must be possible to determine the physical loss of both seabed and habitats. Every activity that could lead to physical loss (to a significant extent) of the seabed must be covered. The Netherlands regulates all activities that could lead to physical loss, as well as compensation in case of significant loss. Accordingly, no structural monitoring is required for the evaluation of environmental status, which therefore is an administrative analysis. Licensing conditions and general rules prescribe that on completion of the construction of a wind farm or the laying of a pipeline the as-built data must be provided to Rijkswaterstaat. These data are then entered in GIS files, which can also be consulted by third parties. Rijkswaterstaat’s Sea and Delta unit is responsible for keeping these records up to date. |
The proportion of the seabed that has been physically disturbed by human activities must be established every six years. The necessary monitoring consists of the registration of activities that disturb the seabed. In the Dutch section of the North Sea, those activities are bottom-disturbing fisheries and sand extraction.
The extent of the disturbance of the seabed by fisheries is derived from data collected by the EU Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) within the framework of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). The area of seabed disturbed by sand extraction and suppletion is included in the data that sand extraction companies are required to supply during the licensing procedure.
The following data are collected:
• The EU Vessel Monitoring System (VMS)
The VMS records the location and speed of all fishing vessels larger than 12 metres in the North Sea at least once every two hours. The method and GA/GC [quality control] are described in an ICES advisory report (ICES, 2017) and in http://nielshintzen.github.io/ vmstools/.
• Logbook data from fishing vessels
Under the CFP, fishing vessels are obliged to keep logbook data and report them. Every ship longer than 10 metres must register, by day and by trawl, the type of fishing gear that was used and the ICES area in which it fished. For each trawl, the catch (per kilogram) of the primary target species must also be recorded. The requirements are set out in the implementing regulation for ensuring compliance with the rules of the Common Fisheries Policy (EC, 2011).
• Sand extraction data in accordance with the licensing conditions.
Rijkswaterstaat Sea and Delta keeps the data for current sand extrations up to date. The licences for sand extraction on the DCS provide that the precise locations of the extraction must be registered with a mandatory blackbox system, so that it is known where sand is actually being extracted. The volumes of extracted sand must also be reported on a monthly basis.
The monitoring programme is in principle adequate, but the absence of international VMS data limits its usefulness. The most important change needed is a coordinated action by ICES to consolidate the international VMS data for the purposes of joint analysis. |
The proportion of the seabed that has been physically disturbed by human activities must be established every six years. The necessary monitoring consists of the registration of activities that disturb the seabed. In the Dutch section of the North Sea, those activities are bottom-disturbing fisheries and sand extraction.
The extent of the disturbance of the seabed by fisheries is derived from data collected by the EU Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) within the framework of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). The area of seabed disturbed by sand extraction and suppletion is included in the data that sand extraction companies are required to supply during the licensing procedure.
The following data are collected:
• The EU Vessel Monitoring System (VMS)
The VMS records the location and speed of all fishing vessels larger than 12 metres in the North Sea at least once every two hours. The method and GA/GC [quality control] are described in an ICES advisory report (ICES, 2017) and in http://nielshintzen.github.io/ vmstools/.
• Logbook data from fishing vessels
Under the CFP, fishing vessels are obliged to keep logbook data and report them. Every ship longer than 10 metres must register, by day and by trawl, the type of fishing gear that was used and the ICES area in which it fished. For each trawl, the catch (per kilogram) of the primary target species must also be recorded. The requirements are set out in the implementing regulation for ensuring compliance with the rules of the Common Fisheries Policy (EC, 2011).
• Sand extraction data in accordance with the licensing conditions.
Rijkswaterstaat Sea and Delta keeps the data for current sand extrations up to date. The licences for sand extraction on the DCS provide that the precise locations of the extraction must be registered with a mandatory blackbox system, so that it is known where sand is actually being extracted. The volumes of extracted sand must also be reported on a monthly basis.
The monitoring programme is in principle adequate, but the absence of international VMS data limits its usefulness. The most important change needed is a coordinated action by ICES to consolidate the international VMS data for the purposes of joint analysis. |
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Monitoring purpose |
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Other policies and conventions |
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Regional cooperation - coordinating body |
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Regional cooperation - countries involved |
NL |
NL |
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Regional cooperation - implementation level |
Agreed data collection methods |
Agreed data collection methods |
Agreed data collection methods |
Coordinated data collection |
Agreed data collection methods |
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Monitoring details |
D6C3
The macrozoobenthos surveys are part of Rijkswaterstaat’s monitoring programme (MWTL) and the Statutory Research Tasks (WOT) shellfish survey for the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality. Since 2015, the benthic fauna monitoring programme in the North Sea has been adapted to the needs of the MSFD (and HD). Within the MWTL programme, since then samples have been taken not only with box corers, but also with a trawl, video and Hamon grabs. The number of monitoring locations was also greatly expanded at the time. The number of monitoring locations was expanded again in 2018 following the definitive demarcation of the boundaries of the Frisian Front and the Central Oyster Grounds. The WOT survey has been expanded with 51 locations since 2015. The numbers of monitoring locations used for assessment of D6C3 are: 164 (boxcores), 557 (trawl), 37 (Hamon grabs), and 33 (video). For further details of the monitoring programme, see Wijnhoven (2019). For the methods, parameters such as numbers, biomass and length, and other specifications, see the protocols of Rijkswaterstaat and WOT.
D6C5
Sampling is in the spring, preferably before the spatfall, since the index is sensitive to the observation of large numbers of juveniles if the sampling continues until after the spatfall. Juveniles are in any case identified separately so that they can be excluded in the calculation of the index.
At DCS level, five zones have been designated for monitoring the diversity of species (with the number of monitoring locations between brackets): coastal zone (56), Dogger Bank (19), Frisian Front (21), offshore (32) and Oyster Grounds (36). These zones differ in terms of sediment type, depth and location in relation to the coast (see Van Loon and Walvoort, 2018). For further details of the monitoring programme, see Wijnhoven (2019). For the methods, parameters such as numbers, biomass and length, and other specifications, see the protocols of Rijkswaterstaat. |
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Features |
Benthic broad habitats
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Other benthic habitats
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Physical loss of the seabed
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Benthic broad habitats
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Other benthic habitats
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Physical disturbance to seabed
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Physical disturbance to seabed
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Benthic broad habitats
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Other benthic habitats
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Physical loss of the seabed
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Benthic broad habitats
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Other benthic habitats
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Physical disturbance to seabed
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Physical disturbance to seabed
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Benthic broad habitats
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Other benthic habitats
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Physical loss of the seabed
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Benthic broad habitats
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Other benthic habitats
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Physical disturbance to seabed
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Physical disturbance to seabed
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Benthic broad habitats
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Other benthic habitats
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Physical loss of the seabed
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Benthic broad habitats
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Other benthic habitats
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Physical disturbance to seabed
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Physical disturbance to seabed
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Elements |
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GES criteria |
D6C3 |
D6C3 |
D6C5 |
D6C1 |
D6C4 |
D6C4 |
D6C2 |
D6C2 |
Parameters |
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Parameter Other |
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Spatial scope |
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Marine reporting units |
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Temporal scope (start date - end date) |
2015-9999 |
2012-9999 |
2012-9999 |
2013-9999 |
1960-9999 |
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Monitoring frequency |
3-yearly |
Continually |
Continually |
Continually |
Continually |
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Monitoring type |
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Monitoring method |
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Monitoring method other |
Physical loss of the seabed is calculated on the basis of licensing information |
Licensing conditions and general rules prescribe that on completion of the construction of a wind farm or the laying of a cable or pipeline the as-built data must be provided to Rijkswaterstaat. These data are then entered in GIS files, which can also be consulted by
third parties. Rijkswaterstaat’s is responsible for keeping these records up to date. The indicator describes the spatial extent and distribution of the physical loss (permanent change) of the natural seabed. |
Rijkswaterstaat keeps the data for current sand extraction up to date. The licences for sand extraction on the DCS provide that the precise locations of the extraction must be registered with a mandatory blackbox system, so that it is known where sand is actually being extracted. The volumes of extracted sand must also be reported on a monthly basis. |
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Quality control |
Quality assurance (ISO 9001) and accreditation (NEN-EN-ISO / IEC17025) are required from executing parties. This guarantees, among other things, the accuracy of measurements and (taxonomic) analysis within set limits. |
not applicable
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not applicable
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DCF and ICES
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The measurements are carried out under the responsibility of Rijkswaterstaat by certified contractors.
Rijkswaterstaat checks the data supplied and carries out quality checks. |
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Data management |
Marine Information and Data Centre
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Rijkswaterstaat
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Rijkswaterstaat
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EA
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Data access |
www.rws.nl |
www.rws.nl |
www.ices.dk |
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Related indicator/name |
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Contact |
https://www.informatiehuismarien.nl/uk/secundaire-navigatie/contact/ |
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References |
RWS (2018) A2.107 Analysevoorschrift Code: A2.107. Waterbodem, marien – Uitzoeken en determineren van Macrozoöbenthos. Rijkswaterstaat, Ministerie van Infrastructuur en Waterstaat, Versie 7 (10-10-2018).Troost K., Van Asch M., Brummelhuis E., Van den Ende D., Jol J., Perdon J. & Van Zweeden C. (2016) Handboek bestandsopnames schelpdieren WOT Versie 2. CVO rapport: 16.005.Wijnhoven S. (2018) Protocol Benthic Indicator Species Index (BISI): Protocol BISI for generic application (BISI v2), v181218. Ecoauthor Report Series 2018 - 04, Heinkenszand, the Netherlands. |
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