National overview: Spain
Table of contents
- Who is responsible for MSFD implementation?
- Where is the MSFD implemented?
- Areas for MSFD reporting
- Regional cooperation
- Uses and human activities and their pressures on marine environment
- Pressures affecting environmental status
- Current environmental status and extent to which GES is achieved (as reported in 2018)
- Environmental targets to achieve GES
- Measures to meet environmental targets and to achieve GES
- Exceptions reported when targets or GES cannot be achieved
- Assessments of progress in MSFD implementation (Art. 12, 16) / 2012
- Assessments of progress in MSFD implementation (Art. 12, 16) / 2018
- Reporting history and performance
Who is responsible for MSFD implementation?
| MSFD Article | Art. 7 Competent authorities |
| Report date | 2020-01-17 |
| Access reports | View all reports |
CA code (EU, national) |
ESMSCA1 |
|---|---|
Acronym, Name (national) |
MITECO: Ministry for the Ecological Transition (Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica) |
Address |
Pza. San Juan de la Cruz s/n, Madrid/Madrid, España, 28071 |
URL |
www.miteco.gob.es |
Legal status |
Real Decreto 864/2018, de 13 de julio, por el que se desarrolla la estructura orgánica básica del Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica; Ley 41/2010, de 29 de diciembre, de Protección del Medio Marino
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Responsibilities |
El Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica es el departamento de la Administración General del Estado al que corresponde la propuesta y ejecución de la política del Gobierno en materia de energía y medio ambiente para la transición a un modelo productivo y social más ecológico. Igualmente corresponde al Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica la política de agua como bien público esencial. Compete al Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica la formulación de las políticas de calidad ambiental y prevención de la contaminación y el cambio climático, la evaluación de impacto ambiental, el fomento del uso de tecnologías limpias y hábitos de consumo menos contaminantes y más sostenibles, la protección del medio natural, la biodiversidad, y la conservación y uso sostenible de los recursos naturales y su adecuada preservación y restauración. Asimismo, corresponde al departamento la definición, propuesta y ejecución de la política de la Unión Europea en materia de aguas, que prioriza el objetivo de alcanzar un buen estado ecológico de las aguas, para lo que es preciso abordar un complejo proceso de planificación hidrológica. Al Ministerio incumbe, igualmente, la propuesta y ejecución de la política del Gobierno en materia de protección y conservación del mar y del dominio público marítimo-terrestre, así como la participación en la planificación de la política de investigación en materia de biodiversidad de los ecosistemas marinos, todo ello desde una perspectiva que haga compatible la importancia estratégica del litoral español para el desarrollo económico y social con la necesidad de preservar el medio marino y evitar su degradación, en el marco de la política de la Unión Europea sobre gestión integrada de las zonas costeras. Por otro lado, y según los artículos 8-17 de la Ley 41/2010 de Protección del Medio Marino, el Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, y Medio Rural y Marino (actualmente Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica) es competente en materia de planificación marina, siendo el resposable de la elaboración, puesta en marcha y evaluación de las Estrategias Marinas para cada Demarcación Marina en España.
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Reference |
https://www.boe.es/boe/dias/2018/07/14/pdfs/BOE-A-2018-9859.pdf; https://www.boe.es/buscar/pdf/2010/BOE-A-2010-20050-consolidado.pdf |
Membership |
No es de aplicación.
|
Regional coordination |
El Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica participa en los Convenios de OSPAR y Barcelona y asimismo mantiene reuniones multilaterales con los países vecinos, y reuniones bilaterales para coordinar la aplicación de la Directiva Marco de la Estrategia Marina en la subregión Macaronésica (ES-PT).
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Where is the MSFD implemented?
| MSFD Article | Art. 3(1) Marine waters |
| Report date | 2019-04-09 |
| Access reports | View all reports |
Member state marine waters |
- The territorial sea, the exclusive economic zone in the Atlantic and the Cantabrian Sea, the exclusive economic zone in the north-western Mediterranean and the continental shelf, including the expanded continental shelf which Spain may obtain under the procedure laid down in Article 76 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
- The basis for defining the land boundary in coastal waters is the official line of coastline published in 2016 by the Instituto Hidrografico de la Marina de Espana. To establish the boundaries between the sea demarcations and the water bodies defined as transition bodies, the surface water body layer of the second hydrological planning cycle 2015-2021 has been used. In some cases, lakes, lagoons or damp areas close to the coast which, by verifying size and depth criteria, have a marine influence which determines the characteristics of the biological communities present there, due to their highly saline or hypersalino characteristics (for more details see table METSPF_Identicacion.mdb of the Art. 13 WFD reporting) have also been included in the coastal waters category.
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Areas for MSFD reporting
| MSFD Article | Art. 4/2017 Decision: Marine regions, subregions, and subdivisions |
| Report date | 2019-04-09 |
| Access reports | View all reports |
Region / subregion description |
The southern limit of the "Bay of Biscay and Iberian Coast" subregion connects with the "Western Mediterraean Sea" subregion of the Mediterranean Sea. The limit established to distinguish between both subregions is the western limit of the area established by the Barcelona Convention, that is, the meridian that passes through Cape Spartel (Morocco).
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Subdivisions |
Bay of Biscay and Iberian Coast subregion (ABIES): two subdivisions:
- ABIES-NOR: North Atlantic subdivision: Marine environment in which Spain exercises sovereignty or jurisdiction comprised between the limit of the jurisdictional waters between Spain and France in the Bay of Biscay and the northern limit of the jurisdictional waters between Spain and Portugal.
- ABIES-SUD: South Atlantic subdivision: marine environment in which Spain exercises sovereignty or jurisdiction comprised between the limit of the jurisdictional waters between Spain and Portugal in the Gulf of Cádiz and the meridian that passes through Cape Spartel.
Western Mediterranean Sea subregion (MWEES): two subdivisions:
- MWEES-ESAL: Strait and Alboran subdivision: marine environment in which Spain exercises sovereignty or jurisdiction comprised between the meridian that passes through Cape Spartel and an imaginary line with 128° orientation with respect to the meridian that passes through Cape Gata, and the marine environment in which Spain exercises sovereignty or jurisdiction in the area of Ceuta, Melilla, the Chafarinas islands, the Perejil islet, Peñones de Vélez de la Gomera and Alhucemas and the island of Alboran.
- MWEES-LEBA: Levantine-Balearic subdivision: marine environment in which Spain exercises sovereignty or jurisdiction comprised between an imaginary line with 128° orientation with respect to the meridian that passes through Cabo de Gata, and the limit of the jurisdictional waters between Spain and France in the Gulf of Lion.
Macaronesia subregion (AMA): one subdivision:
- AMAES: Canary Islands subdivision: marine environment in which Spain exercises sovereignty or jurisdiction over the Canary Islands.
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MRUs description (AreaType) |
Due to the diversity of elements that are addressed by the MSFD, it has been necessary to apply different scales of analysis to different descriptors, indicators, pressures or impacts. The definition of evaluation areas (a.e.) has followed the general criterion of choosing, in each case, the most relevant ecological scale in which the analysis or description of each element (feature) should be addressed. Although some a.e. may exceed the boundaries of the subdivision (for example for ICES grids or for highly migratory species), most often the geographic scope of the a.e. is included within the scope of the subdivision. On the other hand, the definition of a.e. on occasions it has been carried out based on the information available. For example, in areas where there is greater availability of data, or that are being subject to specific research projects, MPAs, etc., specific evaluation areas have sometimes been defined to apply, in these areas, more detailed analyzes that cannot be addressed in the whole of the subdivision.
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MRUs |
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Regional cooperation
| MSFD Article | Art. 5(2) and Art. 6 Regional cooperation |
| Report date | 2019-04-09 |
| Access reports | View all reports |
Region/ subregion |
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Art. 8 countries involved |
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Art. 8 nature of coordination |
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Art. 8 regional coherence |
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Art. 8 regional coherence problems |
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Art. 9 countries involved |
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Art. 9 nature of coordination |
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Art. 9 regional coherence |
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Art. 9 regional coherence problems |
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Art. 10 countries involved |
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Art. 10 nature of coordination |
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Art. 10 regional coherence |
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Art. 10 regional coherence problems |
Uses and human activities and their pressures on marine environment
| Title | Analysis of predominant pressures and impacts, including human activity (Art. 8(1)(b)) |
| Access reports | View reports |
Pressures affecting environmental status
| Title | Assessments of current environental status and pressures and impacts (Art. 8(1)(a)(b)) |
| Access reports | View reports |
Current environmental status and extent to which GES is achieved (as reported in 2018)
| Title | Assessments of current environental status and pressures and impacts (Art. 8(1)(a)(b)) |
| Access reports | View reports |
Environmental targets to achieve GES
| Title | Environmental targets (Art. 10) |
| Access reports | View reports |
Measures to meet environmental targets and to achieve GES
| Title | Programme of measures (Art. 13) |
| Access reports | View reports |
Exceptions reported when targets or GES cannot be achieved
| Title | Exceptions (Art. 14) |
| Access reports | View reports |
Assessments of progress in MSFD implementation (Art. 12, 16) / 2012
| Title | Implementation of marine strategies (Art. 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 18) |
| First cycle | 2012-2017 |
| Access reports | View Art12 (8-9-10) report |
NE Atlantic: Bay of Biscay & Iberian Coast
| Descriptor | Article 9 - GES Determination | Article 8 - Initial Assessment | Article 10 - Environmental Targets | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pressure-based descriptors |
D2 - Non-indigenous species
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Partially adequate (2)
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Partially adequate (2)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D5 - Eutrophication
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Partially adequate (2)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D7 - Hydrographical changes
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Partially adequate (2)
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Partially adequate (2)
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Adequate (3)
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D8 - Contaminants
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Partially adequate (2)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D9 - Contaminants in seafood
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Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D10 - Marine litter
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Inadequate (1)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D11 - Energy, incl. underwater noise
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Inadequate (1)
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Adequate (3)
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Inadequate (1)
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| State-based descriptors |
D1 - Biodiversity – birds
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Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D1 - Biodiversity – mammals
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Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D1 - Biodiversity – reptiles
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Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D1 - Biodiversity – fish
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Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D1 - Biodiversity – cephalopods
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Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D3 - Commercial fish and shellfish
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Inadequate (1)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D1 - Biodiversity – pelagic habitats
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Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D6 - Sea-floor integrity/D1 Biodiversity - benthic habitats
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Partially adequate (2)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate
(2)
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D4 - Food webs/D1 Biodiversity - ecosystems
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Inadequate (1)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate
(2)
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NE Atlantic: Macaronesia
| Descriptor | Article 9 - GES Determination | Article 8 - Initial Assessment | Article 10 - Environmental Targets | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pressure-based descriptors |
D2 - Non-indigenous species
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Partially adequate (2)
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Partially adequate (2)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D5 - Eutrophication
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Partially adequate (2)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D7 - Hydrographical changes
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Partially adequate (2)
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Partially adequate (2)
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Adequate (3)
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D8 - Contaminants
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Partially adequate (2)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D9 - Contaminants in seafood
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Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D10 - Marine litter
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Inadequate (1)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D11 - Energy, incl. underwater noise
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Inadequate (1)
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Adequate (3)
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Inadequate (1)
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| State-based descriptors |
D1 - Biodiversity – birds
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Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D1 - Biodiversity – mammals
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Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D1 - Biodiversity – reptiles
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Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D1 - Biodiversity – fish
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Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D1 - Biodiversity – cephalopods
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Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D3 - Commercial fish and shellfish
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Inadequate (1)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D1 - Biodiversity – pelagic habitats
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Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D6 - Sea-floor integrity/D1 Biodiversity - benthic habitats
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Partially adequate (2)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate
(2)
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D4 - Food webs/D1 Biodiversity - ecosystems
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Inadequate (1)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate
(2)
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Mediterranean: Western Mediterranean Sea
| Descriptor | Article 9 - GES Determination | Article 8 - Initial Assessment | Article 10 - Environmental Targets | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pressure-based descriptors |
D2 - Non-indigenous species
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Partially adequate (2)
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Partially adequate (2)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D5 - Eutrophication
|
Partially adequate (2)
|
Adequate (2)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D7 - Hydrographical changes
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Partially adequate (2)
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Partially adequate (2)
|
Adequate (3)
|
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D8 - Contaminants
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Partially adequate (2)
|
Adequate (3)
|
Partially adequate (2)
|
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D9 - Contaminants in seafood
|
Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
|
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D10 - Marine litter
|
Inadequate (1)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
|
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D11 - Energy, incl. underwater noise
|
Inadequate (1)
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Adequate (3)
|
Inadequate (1)
|
|
| State-based descriptors |
D1 - Biodiversity – birds
|
Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D1 - Biodiversity – mammals
|
Adequate (3)
|
Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
|
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D1 - Biodiversity – reptiles
|
Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
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Partially adequate (2)
|
|
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D1 - Biodiversity – fish
|
Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
|
Partially adequate (2)
|
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D1 - Biodiversity – cephalopods
|
Adequate (3)
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Adequate (3)
|
Partially adequate (2)
|
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D3 - Commercial fish and shellfish
|
Inadequate (1)
|
Adequate (3)
|
Partially adequate (2)
|
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D1 - Biodiversity – pelagic habitats
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Adequate (3)
|
Adequate (3)
|
Partially adequate (2)
|
|
|
D6 - Sea-floor integrity/D1 Biodiversity - benthic habitats
|
Partially adequate (2)
|
Adequate (3)
|
Partially adequate (2)
|
|
|
D4 - Food webs/D1 Biodiversity - ecosystems
|
Inadequate (1)
|
Adequate (3)
|
Partially adequate (2)
|
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Assessments of progress in MSFD implementation (Art. 12, 16) / 2018
| Title | Implementation of marine strategies (Art. 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 18) |
| Second cycle | 2018-2023 |
| Access reports | View Art12 (8-9-10) report |
NE Atlantic: Bay of Biscay & Iberian Coast
| Descriptor | Article 9 - GES Determination | Article 8 - Initial Assessment | Article 10 - Environmental Targets | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pressure-based descriptors |
D2 - Non-indigenous species
|
Good (3)
|
Poor (2)
|
Poor (2)
|
|
D5 - Eutrophication
|
Poor (2)
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D7 - Hydrographical changes
|
Poor (2)
|
Very poor (1)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D8 - Contaminants
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D9 - Contaminants in seafood
|
Very good (4)
|
Good (3)
|
Poor (2)
|
|
|
D10 - Marine litter
|
Poor (2)
|
Poor (2)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D11 - Energy, incl. underwater noise
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
Poor (2)
|
|
| State-based descriptors |
D1 - Biodiversity – birds
|
Good (3)
|
Poor (2)
|
Good (3)
|
|
D1 - Biodiversity – mammals
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D1 - Biodiversity – reptiles
|
Very poor (1)
|
Poor (2)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D1 - Biodiversity – fish
|
Very poor (1)
|
Poor (2)
|
Very good (4)
|
|
|
D1 - Biodiversity – cephalopods
|
Very poor (1)
|
Very poor (1)
|
Very good (4)
|
|
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D3 - Commercial fish and shellfish
|
Good (3)
|
Very good (4)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D1 - Biodiversity – pelagic habitats
|
Very poor (1)
|
Very poor (1)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D6 - Sea-floor integrity/D1 Biodiversity - benthic habitats
|
Poor (2)
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D4 - Food webs/D1 Biodiversity - ecosystems
|
Poor (2)
|
Very poor (1)
|
Good (3)
|
|
NE Atlantic: Macaronesia
| Descriptor | Article 9 - GES Determination | Article 8 - Initial Assessment | Article 10 - Environmental Targets | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pressure-based descriptors |
D2 - Non-indigenous species
|
Good (3)
|
Poor (2)
|
Poor (2)
|
|
D5 - Eutrophication
|
Poor (2)
|
Not reported (0)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D7 - Hydrographical changes
|
Poor (2)
|
Very poor (1)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D8 - Contaminants
|
Poor (2)
|
Poor (2)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D9 - Contaminants in seafood
|
Very good (4)
|
Good (3)
|
Poor (2)
|
|
|
D10 - Marine litter
|
Poor (2)
|
Poor (2)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D11 - Energy, incl. underwater noise
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
Poor (2)
|
|
| State-based descriptors |
D1 - Biodiversity – birds
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
|
D1 - Biodiversity – mammals
|
Good (3)
|
Poor (2)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D1 - Biodiversity – reptiles
|
Very poor (1)
|
Poor (2)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D1 - Biodiversity – fish
|
Very poor (1)
|
Very poor (1)
|
Very good (4)
|
|
|
D1 - Biodiversity – cephalopods
|
Very poor (1)
|
Very poor (1)
|
Very good (4)
|
|
|
D3 - Commercial fish and shellfish
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D1 - Biodiversity – pelagic habitats
|
Very poor (1)
|
Very poor (1)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D6 - Sea-floor integrity/D1 Biodiversity - benthic habitats
|
Poor (2)
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D4 - Food webs/D1 Biodiversity - ecosystems
|
Poor (2)
|
Very poor (1)
|
Good (3)
|
|
Mediterranean: Western Mediterranean Sea
| Descriptor | Article 9 - GES Determination | Article 8 - Initial Assessment | Article 10 - Environmental Targets | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pressure-based descriptors |
D2 - Non-indigenous species
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
Poor (2)
|
|
D5 - Eutrophication
|
Poor (2)
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D7 - Hydrographical changes
|
Poor (2)
|
Very poor (1)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D8 - Contaminants
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D9 - Contaminants in seafood
|
Good (3)
|
Very poor (1)
|
Poor (2)
|
|
|
D10 - Marine litter
|
Poor (2)
|
Poor (2)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D11 - Energy, incl. underwater noise
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
Poor (2)
|
|
| State-based descriptors |
D1 - Biodiversity – birds
|
Good (3)
|
Poor (2)
|
Good (3)
|
|
D1 - Biodiversity – mammals
|
Good (3)
|
Poor (2)
|
Poor (2)
|
|
|
D1 - Biodiversity – reptiles
|
Poor (2)
|
Poor (2)
|
Poor (2)
|
|
|
D1 - Biodiversity – fish
|
Very poor (1)
|
Very poor (1)
|
Very good (4)
|
|
|
D1 - Biodiversity – cephalopods
|
Very poor (1)
|
Very poor (1)
|
Very good (4)
|
|
|
D3 - Commercial fish and shellfish
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D1 - Biodiversity – pelagic habitats
|
Very poor (1)
|
Very poor (1)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D6 - Sea-floor integrity/D1 Biodiversity - benthic habitats
|
Poor (2)
|
Poor (2)
|
Good (3)
|
|
|
D4 - Food webs/D1 Biodiversity - ecosystems
|
Poor (2)
|
Very poor (1)
|
Good (3)
|
|