MS/Art8/2018/D1-B/Finland/Baltic Sea — Marine Information System for Europe

Member State report / Art8 / 2018 / D1-B / Finland / Baltic Sea

Report type	Member State report to Commission
MSFD Article	Art. 8 Initial assessment (and Art. 17 updates)
Report due	2018-10-15
GES Descriptor	D1 Birds
Member State	Finland
Region/subregion	Baltic Sea
Reported by	Finnish Environment Institute
Report date	2019-04-10
Report access	msfd2018-ART8_GES_8Jan2019update_24_.xml

National part of Åland Sea (BAL-FI-AS)

Simplified table

GES component	D1-B
Feature	Benthic-feeding birds			Grazing birds			Pelagic-feeding birds			Surface-feeding birds			Wading birds
Element	Benthic-feeding birds (grouped)			Grazing birds (grouped)			Pelagic-feeding birds (grouped)			Surface-feeding birds (grouped)			Wading birds (grouped)
Element code	FI_Birds_benthicF			FI_Birds_grazing			FI_Birds_pelagicF			FI_Birds_surfaceF			FI_Birds_wading
Element code source	Undefined			Undefined			Undefined			Undefined			Undefined
Element 2
Element 2 code
Element 2 code source
Element source	HELCOM			HELCOM			HELCOM			HELCOM			HELCOM
Criterion	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C2
Parameter	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Other	Survival rate	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Abundance	Survival rate	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Other	Survival rate	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Other	Survival rate	Abundance
Parameter other		Abundance of breeding waterbirds						Abundance of breeding waterbirds			Abundance of breeding waterbirds
Threshold value upper		75.0			75.0			75.0			75.0		75.0
Threshold value lower
Threshold qualitative
Threshold value source		Helsinki Convention			Helsinki Convention			Helsinki Convention			Helsinki Convention		Helsinki Convention
Threshold value source other
Value achieved upper		33.0			67.0			80.0			71.0		80.0
Value achieved lower
Value unit		Other			Other			Other			Other		Other
Value unit other		%			%			%			%		%
Proportion threshold value
Proportion value achieved
Proportion threshold value unit
Trend	Unknown	Deteriorating	Stable	Unknown	Improving	Stable	Unknown	Deteriorating	Stable	Unknown	Improving	Stable	Stable
Parameter achieved	Unknown	No	Unknown	Yes, based on low risk	No	Yes, based on low risk	Unknown	Yes	Yes, based on low risk	Yes, based on low risk	No	Yes, based on low risk	Yes
Description parameter	Bycatch of long-tailed duck is suspected from this assessment unit.	HELCOM core indicator: http://www.helcom.fi/baltic-sea-trends/indicators/abundance-of-waterbirds-in-the-breeding-season/	The hunting of long-tailed duck has increased in the recent year to 10-15000 ind. but the hunting of the common eider has decreased to ca 2000 ind. in the entire country No mass mortality of birds has taken place.	No reported bycatch of grazing birds	HELCOM core indicators: http://www.helcom.fi/baltic-sea-trends/indicators/abundance-of-waterbirds-in-the-breeding-season/	In average ca 7000 greylag geese are shot each year in the entire country. No mass mortality of birds has takenplace in this assessment unit.	Bycatch of black guillemots is reported from this assessment unit.	HELCOM core indicator: http://www.helcom.fi/baltic-sea-trends/indicators/abundance-of-waterbirds-in-the-breeding-season	No hunting of pelagic feeding birds. Zero mass mortality of these in this assessment unit. Culling of great cormorant is about 700 ind. per year.	No reported bycatch of surface-feeding birds.	HELCOM core indicator: http://www.helcom.fi/baltic-sea-trends/indicators/abundance-of-waterbirds-in-the-breeding-season	No mass mortality of surface feeding birds has taken in this assessment unit. No hunting takes place but some culling of gulls is permitted.	http://www.helcom.fi/Core%20Indicators/Abundance%20of%20waterbirds%20in%20the%20breeding%20season%20HELCOM%20core%20indicator%202018.pdf
Related indicator	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds Hunting of seals, seabirds, American mink and raccoon dog	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds Hunting of seals, seabirds, American mink and raccoon dog	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season	Mass deaths of seabirds Hunting of seals, seabirds, American mink and raccoon dog	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds Hunting of seals, seabirds, American mink and raccoon dog	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations
Criteria status	Unknown	Not good	Good, based on low risk	Good, based on low risk	Not good	Good, based on low risk	Unknown	Good	Good, based on low risk	Good, based on low risk	Not good	Good, based on low risk	Good
Description criteria
Element status	Not good			Not good			Good			Not good			Good
Description element
Integration rule type parameter	MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC
Integration rule description parameter	HELCOM uses the HELCOM BEAT tool to integrate the two bird indicators: core indicators for breeding bird species and wintering bird species. Method description: http://stateofthebalticsea.helcom.fi/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/HELCOM_Thematic-assessment-of-biodiversity-2011-2016_pre-publication.pdf. In summary, 75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline. The two indicators are integrated by averaging their ratios .			HELCOM uses the HELCOM BEAT tool to integrate the two bird indicators: core indicators for breeding bird species and wintering bird species. Method description: http://stateofthebalticsea.helcom.fi/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/HELCOM_Thematic-assessment-of-biodiversity-2011-2016_pre-publication.pdf. In summary, 75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline. The two indicators are integrated by averaging their ratios .			HELCOM uses the HELCOM BEAT tool to integrate the two bird indicators: core indicators for breeding bird species and wintering bird species. Method description: http://stateofthebalticsea.helcom.fi/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/HELCOM_Thematic-assessment-of-biodiversity-2011-2016_pre-publication.pdf. In summary, 75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline. The two indicators are integrated by averaging their ratios .			HELCOM uses the HELCOM BEAT tool to integrate the two bird indicators: core indicators for breeding bird species and wintering bird species. Method description: http://stateofthebalticsea.helcom.fi/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/HELCOM_Thematic-assessment-of-biodiversity-2011-2016_pre-publication.pdf. In summary, 75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline. The two indicators are integrated by averaging their ratios .			75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline.
Integration rule type criteria	OOAO			OOAO			OOAO			OOAO			OOAO
Integration rule description criteria	Interim rule applied			Interim rule applied			Interim rule applied			Interim rule applied			Interim rule applied
GES extent threshold
GES extent achieved
GES extent unit
GES achieved	GES expected to be achieved by 2020			GES expected to be achieved by 2020			GES expected to be achieved by 2020			GES expected to be achieved by 2020			GES achieved
Description overall status				.									Only one criterion (abundance) was used. Only breeding wading birds occur in the area.
Assessments period	2011-2016			2011-2016			2011-2016			2011-2016			2011-2016
Related pressures	Contaminants - UPBT substances Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Contaminants - UPBT substances Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Contaminants - UPBT substances Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Contaminants - UPBT substances Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Contaminants - UPBT substances Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species
Related targets	LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5 LUVAYLEINEN			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5 LUVA3			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5 LUVAYLEINEN			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5 LUVAYLEINEN			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5

National part of Bothnian Bay (BAL-FI-BB)

Simplified table

GES component	D1-B
Feature	Benthic-feeding birds			Grazing birds			Pelagic-feeding birds			Surface-feeding birds			Wading birds
Element	Benthic-feeding birds (grouped)			Grazing birds (grouped)			Pelagic-feeding birds (grouped)			Surface-feeding birds (grouped)			Wading birds (grouped)
Element code	FI_Birds_benthicF			FI_Birds_grazing			FI_Birds_pelagicF			FI_Birds_surfaceF			FI_Birds_wading
Element code source	Undefined			Undefined			Undefined			Undefined			Undefined
Element 2
Element 2 code
Element 2 code source
Element source	HELCOM			HELCOM			HELCOM			HELCOM			HELCOM
Criterion	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C2
Parameter	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Other	Survival rate	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Abundance	Survival rate	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Other	Survival rate	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Other	Survival rate	Abundance
Parameter other		Abundance of breeding waterbirds						Abundance of breeding waterbirds			Abundance of breeding waterbirds
Threshold value upper		75.0			75.0			75.0			75.0		75.0
Threshold value lower
Threshold qualitative
Threshold value source		Helsinki Convention			Helsinki Convention			Helsinki Convention			Helsinki Convention		Helsinki Convention
Threshold value source other
Value achieved upper		100.0			100.0			100.0			100.0		50.0
Value achieved lower
Value unit	Other	Other	Other	Other	Other	Other	Other	Other	Other	Other	Other	Other	Other
Value unit other	Number of bycaught individuals	%	Individuals	Number of bycaught individuals	%	Individuals	Number of bycaught individuals	%	Individuals	Number of bycaught individuals	%	Individuals	%
Proportion threshold value
Proportion value achieved
Proportion threshold value unit
Trend	Unknown	Improving	Stable	Unknown	Improving	Improving	Unknown	Improving	Stable	Unknown	Improving	Stable	Stable
Parameter achieved	Yes, based on low risk	Yes	Yes, based on low risk	Yes, based on low risk	Yes	Yes, based on low risk	Yes, based on low risk	Yes	Yes, based on low risk	Yes, based on low risk	Yes	Yes, based on low risk	No
Description parameter	No bycatch in this assessment unit.	http://www.helcom.fi/Core%20Indicators/Abundance%20of%20waterbirds%20in%20the%20breeding%20season%20HELCOM%20core%20indicator%202018.pdf	No bird mass mortalities have occurred in this assessment unit.	No bycaught individuals in the assessment unit.	http://www.helcom.fi/Core%20Indicators/Abundance%20of%20waterbirds%20in%20the%20breeding%20season%20HELCOM%20core%20indicator%202018.pdf	Hunting has decreased in recent decades. In average, 7000 greylag geese were shot in the whole country annually 2011-2016. No mass mortalities have occurred in the assessment unit.	No bycatch in this assessment unit.	http://www.helcom.fi/Core%20Indicators/Abundance%20of%20waterbirds%20in%20the%20breeding%20season%20HELCOM%20core%20indicator%202018.pdf	No bird mass mortalities have occurred in this assessment unit.	No bycatch in this assessment unit.	http://www.helcom.fi/Core%20Indicators/Abundance%20of%20waterbirds%20in%20the%20breeding%20season%20HELCOM%20core%20indicator%202018.pdf	No bird mass mortalities have occurred in this assessment unit.	http://www.helcom.fi/Core%20Indicators/Abundance%20of%20waterbirds%20in%20the%20breeding%20season%20HELCOM%20core%20indicator%202018.pdf
Related indicator	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds Hunting of seals, seabirds, American mink and raccoon dog	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations
Criteria status	Good, based on low risk	Good	Good, based on low risk	Good, based on low risk	Good	Good, based on low risk	Good, based on low risk	Good	Good, based on low risk	Good, based on low risk	Good	Good, based on low risk	Not good
Description criteria	The HELCOM bycatch indicator reflects the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.		The indicators on hunting and mass mortalities reflect the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.	The HELCOM bycatch indicator reflects the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.		The indicators on hunting and mass mosrtalities reflect the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.	The HELCOM bycatch indicator reflects the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.		The indicators on hunting and mass mortalities reflect the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.	The HELCOM bycatch indicator reflects the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.		The indicators on hunting and mass mortalities reflect the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.
Element status	Good			Good			Good			Good			Not good
Description element
Integration rule type parameter	MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC
Integration rule description parameter	75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline (HELCOM core indicator for breeding bird species).			75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline (HELCOM core indicator for breeding bird species).			75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline (HELCOM core indicator for breeding bird species).			75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline (HELCOM core indicator for breeding bird species).			75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline (HELCOM core indicator for breeding bird species).
Integration rule type criteria	OOAO			OOAO			OOAO			OOAO
Integration rule description criteria	Interim rule applied.			Interim rule applied.			Interim rule applied.			Interim rule applied.
GES extent threshold
GES extent achieved
GES extent unit
GES achieved	GES achieved			GES achieved			GES achieved			GES achieved			GES expected to be achieved by 2020
Description overall status	Only breeding birds were used because wintering birds do not exist in the area.			Only breeding birds were used because wintering birds do not exist in the area.			Only breeding birds were used because wintering birds do not exist in the area.			Only breeding birds were used because wintering birds do not exist in the area.			Only one criterion (abundance) was used. Only breeding birds were used because wintering birds do not exist in the area.
Assessments period	2011-2016			2011-2016			2011-2016			2011-2016			2011-2016
Related pressures	Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species
Related targets	LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5 LUVA3			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5

National part of Bothnian Sea (BAL-FI-BS)

Simplified table

GES component	D1-B
Feature	Benthic-feeding birds			Grazing birds			Pelagic-feeding birds			Surface-feeding birds			Wading birds
Element	Benthic-feeding birds (grouped)			Grazing birds (grouped)			Pelagic-feeding birds (grouped)			Surface-feeding birds (grouped)			Wading birds (grouped)
Element code	FI_Birds_benthicF			FI_Birds_grazing			FI_Birds_pelagicF			FI_Birds_surfaceF			FI_Birds_wading
Element code source	Undefined			Undefined			Undefined			Undefined			Undefined
Element 2
Element 2 code
Element 2 code source
Element source	HELCOM			HELCOM			HELCOM			HELCOM			HELCOM
Criterion	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C2
Parameter	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Other	Survival rate	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Abundance	Survival rate	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Other	Survival rate	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Other	Survival rate	Abundance
Parameter other		Abundance of breeding waterbirds						Abundance of breeding waterbirds			Abundance of breeding waterbirds
Threshold value upper
Threshold value lower
Threshold qualitative		75			75			75			75		75
Threshold value source		Helsinki Convention			Helsinki Convention			Helsinki Convention			Helsinki Convention		Helsinki Convention
Threshold value source other
Value achieved upper		67.0			100.0			100.0			100.0		50.0
Value achieved lower
Value unit		Other		Other	Other			Other			Other		Other
Value unit other		%		individuals	%			%			%		%
Proportion threshold value
Proportion value achieved
Proportion threshold value unit
Trend	Unknown	Improving	Stable	Unknown	Improving	Stable	Unknown	Improving	Deteriorating	Unknown	Improving	Stable	Stable
Parameter achieved	Yes, based on low risk	No	Yes, based on low risk	Yes, based on low risk	Yes	Yes, based on low risk	Unknown	Yes	Yes, based on low risk	Yes, based on low risk	Yes	Yes, based on low risk	No
Description parameter	No bycatch of benthic-feeding birds has been reported from this assessment unit.	HELCOM core indicator: http://www.helcom.fi/baltic-sea-trends/indicators/abundance-of-waterbirds-in-the-breeding-season/	The hunting of long-tailed duck has increased in the recent year to 10-15000 ind. but the hunting of the common eider has decreased to ca 2000 ind. No mass mortality of birds has taken place.	No bycatch of grazing birds is reported in the assessment unit.	HELCOM core indicators: http://www.helcom.fi/baltic-sea-trends/indicators/abundance-of-waterbirds-in-the-breeding-season/	Hunting of , in average 7000, greylag geese takes place annually in the entire country. No mass mortality of birds in the assessment unit.	Black guillemot is reported being bycaught in this assessment unit.	HELCOM core indicator: http://www.helcom.fi/baltic-sea-trends/indicators/abundance-of-waterbirds-in-the-breeding-season/	No hunting of pelagic feeding birds and no mass mortality of them occurs in this assessment unit. Great cormorant is abundances and breeding colonies are, however, controlled by culling and destroying nests. This has increased during the assessment period and ca. 700 individuals are shot each year.	Zero reported surface-feeding bird species in the assessment unit.	HELCOM core indicators: http://www.helcom.fi/baltic-sea-trends/indicators/abundance-of-waterbirds-in-the-breeding-season/	No hunting of surface-feeding birds takes place and no mass mortality has taken place in the assessment unit.
Related indicator	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds Hunting of seals, seabirds, American mink and raccoon dog	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds Hunting of seals, seabirds, American mink and raccoon dog	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds Hunting of seals, seabirds, American mink and raccoon dog	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds Hunting of seals, seabirds, American mink and raccoon dog	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations
Criteria status	Good, based on low risk	Not good	Good, based on low risk	Good, based on low risk	Good	Good, based on low risk	Good, based on low risk	Good	Good, based on low risk	Good, based on low risk	Good	Good, based on low risk	Not good
Description criteria
Element status	Not good			Good			Good			Good			Not good
Description element
Integration rule type parameter	MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC
Integration rule description parameter	HELCOM uses the HELCOM BEAT tool to integrate the two bird indicators: core indicators for breeding bird species and wintering bird species. Method description: http://stateofthebalticsea.helcom.fi/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/HELCOM_Thematic-assessment-of-biodiversity-2011-2016_pre-publication.pdf. In summary, 75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline. The two indicators are integrated by averaging their ratios .			HELCOM uses the HELCOM BEAT tool to integrate the two bird indicators: core indicators for breeding bird species and wintering bird species. Method description: http://stateofthebalticsea.helcom.fi/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/HELCOM_Thematic-assessment-of-biodiversity-2011-2016_pre-publication.pdf. In summary, 75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline. The two indicators are integrated by averaging their ratios .			HELCOM uses the HELCOM BEAT tool to integrate the two bird indicators: core indicators for breeding bird species and wintering bird species. Method description: http://stateofthebalticsea.helcom.fi/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/HELCOM_Thematic-assessment-of-biodiversity-2011-2016_pre-publication.pdf. In summary, 75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline. The two indicators are integrated by averaging their ratios .			HELCOM uses the HELCOM BEAT tool to integrate the two bird indicators: core indicators for breeding bird species and wintering bird species. Method description: http://stateofthebalticsea.helcom.fi/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/HELCOM_Thematic-assessment-of-biodiversity-2011-2016_pre-publication.pdf. In summary, 75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline. The two indicators are integrated by averaging their ratios .			75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline (HELCOM core indicator for breeding bird species).
Integration rule type criteria	OOAO			OOAO			OOAO			OOAO			OOAO
Integration rule description criteria	Interim rule applied			Interim rule applied			Interim rule applied			Interim rule applied
GES extent threshold
GES extent achieved
GES extent unit
GES achieved	GES expected to be achieved by 2020			GES achieved			GES achieved			GES achieved			GES expected to be achieved by 2020
Description overall status				.									Only one criterion (abundance) was used. Wintering wading birds do not occur in the area.
Assessments period	2011-2016			2011-2016			2011-2016			2011-2016			2011-2016
Related pressures	Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Contaminants - UPBT substances Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Contaminants - UPBT substances Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species
Related targets	LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5 LUVA3			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5 LUVA3			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5 LUVAYLEINEN			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5 LUVAYLEINEN			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5

National part of Gulf of Finland (BAL-FI-GF)

Simplified table

GES component	D1-B
Feature	Benthic-feeding birds			Grazing birds			Pelagic-feeding birds			Surface-feeding birds			Wading birds
Element	Benthic-feeding birds (grouped)			Grazing birds (grouped)			Pelagic-feeding birds (grouped)			Surface-feeding birds (grouped)			Wading birds (grouped)
Element code	FI_Birds_benthicF			FI_Birds_grazing			FI_Birds_pelagicF			FI_Birds_surfaceF			FI_Birds_wading
Element code source	Undefined			Undefined			Undefined			Undefined			Undefined
Element 2
Element 2 code
Element 2 code source
Element source	HELCOM			HELCOM			HELCOM			HELCOM			HELCOM
Criterion	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C2
Parameter	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Other	Survival rate	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Abundance	Survival rate	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Other	Survival rate	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Other	Survival rate	Abundance
Parameter other		Abundance of breeding waterbirds						Abundance of breeding water birds			Abundance of breeding waterbirds
Threshold value upper		75.0			75.0			75.0			75.0		75.0
Threshold value lower
Threshold qualitative
Threshold value source		Helsinki Convention			Helsinki Convention			Helsinki Convention			Helsinki Convention		Helsinki Convention
Threshold value source other
Value achieved upper		33.0			100.0			67.0			17.0		67.0
Value achieved lower
Value unit		Other			Other			Other			Other		Other
Value unit other		%			%			%			%		%
Proportion threshold value
Proportion value achieved
Proportion threshold value unit
Trend	Unknown	Improving	Stable	Unknown	Improving	Stable	Unknown	Improving	Stable	Unknown	Improving	Stable	Stable
Parameter achieved	Unknown	No	Unknown	Yes, based on low risk	Yes	Unknown	Unknown	No	Yes, based on low risk	Yes, based on low risk	No	No	No
Description parameter	Bycatch of two species have been reported.		No mass mortality of benthic feeders has taken place. Each year ca 14000 long-tailed ducks and ca 2000 common eiders are hunted in the entire country.	Zero bycatch of grazing birds.	HELCOM core indicators: http://www.helcom.fi/baltic-sea-trends/indicators/abundance-of-waterbirds-in-the-breeding-season/	A mass mortality event of barnacle geese took place in 2017 with 131 died birds found. Hunting of greylag geese is in average 7000 per year in the entire country.	Some bycatch of black guillemot has been reported from this assessment unit.		No hunting of pelagic feeding birds and no mass mortality of them occurs in this assessment unit. Great cormorant is abundances and breeding colonies are, however, controlled by culling and destroying nests. This has increased during the assessment period and ca. 700 individuals are shot each year.	Zero bycatch reported for surface feeders in this assessment unit.		A mass mortality event of herring gulls (462 died observed) in 2017. No hunting of surface feeders but some permitted culling of herring gulls.	http://www.helcom.fi/Core%20Indicators/Abundance%20of%20waterbirds%20in%20the%20breeding%20season%20HELCOM%20core%20indicator%202018.pdf
Related indicator	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds Hunting of seals, seabirds, American mink and raccoon dog	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds Hunting of seals, seabirds, American mink and raccoon dog	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds Hunting of seals, seabirds, American mink and raccoon dog	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds Hunting of seals, seabirds, American mink and raccoon dog	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations
Criteria status	Unknown	Not good	Unknown	Good, based on low risk	Good	Unknown	Unknown	Not good	Good, based on low risk	Good, based on low risk	Not good	Not good	Not good
Description criteria	The HELCOM bycatch indicator reflects the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.		The mass mortality and hunting indicators reflect the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.	The HELCOM bycatch indicator reflects the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.		The mass mortality and hunting indicators reflect the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.	The HELCOM bycatch indicator reflects the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.		The mass mortality and hunting indicators reflect the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.	The HELCOM bycatch indicator reflects the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.		The mass mortality and hunting indicators reflect the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.
Element status	Not good			Good			Not good			Not good			Not good
Description element
Integration rule type parameter	MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC
Integration rule description parameter	HELCOM uses the HELCOM BEAT tool to integrate the two bird indicators: core indicators for breeding bird species and wintering bird species. Method description: http://stateofthebalticsea.helcom.fi/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/HELCOM_Thematic-assessment-of-biodiversity-2011-2016_pre-publication.pdf. In summary, 75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline. The two indicators are integrated by averaging their ratios .			HELCOM uses the HELCOM BEAT tool to integrate the two bird indicators: core indicators for breeding bird species and wintering bird species. Method description: http://stateofthebalticsea.helcom.fi/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/HELCOM_Thematic-assessment-of-biodiversity-2011-2016_pre-publication.pdf. In summary, 75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline. The two indicators are integrated by averaging their ratios .			HELCOM uses the HELCOM BEAT tool to integrate the two bird indicators: core indicators for breeding bird species and wintering bird species. Method description: http://stateofthebalticsea.helcom.fi/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/HELCOM_Thematic-assessment-of-biodiversity-2011-2016_pre-publication.pdf. In summary, 75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline. The two indicators are integrated by averaging their ratios .			HELCOM uses the HELCOM BEAT tool to integrate the two bird indicators: core indicators for breeding bird species and wintering bird species. Method description: http://stateofthebalticsea.helcom.fi/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/HELCOM_Thematic-assessment-of-biodiversity-2011-2016_pre-publication.pdf. In summary, 75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline. The two indicators are integrated by averaging their ratios .			75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline. The two indicators are integrated by averaging their ratios .
Integration rule type criteria	OOAO			OOAO			OOAO			OOAO			OOAO
Integration rule description criteria
GES extent threshold
GES extent achieved
GES extent unit
GES achieved	GES expected to be achieved by 2020			GES achieved			GES expected to be achieved by 2020			GES expected to be achieved by 2020			GES expected to be achieved by 2020
Description overall status													Only one criterion (abundance) was used. Wintering wading birds do not occur in the area.
Assessments period	2011-2016			2011-2016			2011-2016			2011-2016			2011-2016
Related pressures	Contaminants - UPBT substances Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Contaminants - UPBT substances Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous)			Contaminants - UPBT substances Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species
Related targets	LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5 LUVA3			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5 LUVAYLEINEN			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5 LUVAYLEINEN			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5

National part of The Quark (BAL-FI-QK)

Simplified table

GES component	D1-B
Feature	Benthic-feeding birds			Grazing birds			Pelagic-feeding birds			Surface-feeding birds			Wading birds
Element	Benthic-feeding birds (grouped)			Grazing birds (grouped)			Pelagic-feeding birds (grouped)			Surface-feeding birds (grouped)			Wading birds (grouped)
Element code	FI_Birds_benthicF			FI_Birds_grazing			FI_Birds_pelagicF			FI_Birds_surfaceF			FI_Birds_wading
Element code source	Undefined			Undefined			Undefined			Undefined			Undefined
Element 2
Element 2 code
Element 2 code source
Element source	HELCOM			HELCOM			HELCOM			HELCOM			HELCOM
Criterion	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C1	D1C2	D1C3	D1C2
Parameter	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Other	Survival rate	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Other	Survival rate	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Other	Survival rate	Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)	Other	Survival rate	Other
Parameter other		Abundance of breeding birds			Abundance of breeding birds			Abundance of breeding birds			Abundance of breeding birds		Abundance of breeding birds
Threshold value upper		75.0			75.0			75.0			75.0		75.0
Threshold value lower
Threshold qualitative		https://webforms.eionet.europa.eu/download/user_file?fileId=70077			https://webforms.eionet.europa.eu/download/user_file?fileId=70077			https://webforms.eionet.europa.eu/download/user_file?fileId=70077			https://webforms.eionet.europa.eu/download/user_file?fileId=70077
Threshold value source		Helsinki Convention			Helsinki Convention			Helsinki Convention			Helsinki Convention		Helsinki Convention
Threshold value source other
Value achieved upper		67.0			100.0			100.0			100.0		50.0
Value achieved lower
Value unit	Other	percentage	Other	Other	percentage	Other	Other	percentage	Other	Other	percentage	Other	percentage
Value unit other	individuals		individuals	individuals		individuals	individuals		individuals	individuals		individuals
Proportion threshold value
Proportion value achieved
Proportion threshold value unit
Trend	Unknown	Improving	Stable	Unknown	Improving	Stable	Unknown	Improving	Stable	Unknown	Improving	Stable	Stable
Parameter achieved	Yes, based on low risk	No	Unknown	Yes, based on low risk	Yes	Yes, based on low risk	Yes, based on low risk	Yes	Yes, based on low risk	Yes, based on low risk	Yes	Yes, based on low risk	No
Description parameter	No bycatch in this assessment unit.		In average 14300 ducks are shot annually on the coast and this number has decreased. No mass mortality has taken place in this assessment unit.	No bycatch in this assessment unit.		In average 7000 greylag geese are shot annually in the whole country. No mass mortalities have occurred in this assessment unit.	No bycatch in this assessment unit.		In average 700 great cormorants are culled each year in the country (http://stateofthebalticsea.helcom.fi/pressures-and-their-status/species-removal-by-fishing-and-hunting/#hunting-of-waterbirds). No mass mortalities occur in this assessment unit.	No bycatch in this assessment unit.		No hunting of these bird species and no mass mortality occurs in this assessment unit.	http://www.helcom.fi/Core%20Indicators/Abundance%20of%20waterbirds%20in%20the%20breeding%20season%20HELCOM%20core%20indicator%202018.pdf
Related indicator	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds Hunting of seals, seabirds, American mink and raccoon dog	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds Hunting of seals, seabirds, American mink and raccoon dog	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds Hunting of seals, seabirds, American mink and raccoon dog	Number of drowned mammals and waterbirds in fishing gear	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season Abundance of breeding bird populations	Mass deaths of seabirds Hunting of seals, seabirds, American mink and raccoon dog	Abundance of Waterbirds in the Breeding Season
Criteria status	Good, based on low risk	Not good	Good, based on low risk	Good, based on low risk	Good	Good, based on low risk	Good, based on low risk	Good	Good, based on low risk	Good, based on low risk	Good	Good, based on low risk	Not good
Description criteria	The HELCOM bycatch indicator reflects the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.		The indicators on hunting and mass mortalities reflect the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.	The HELCOM bycatch indicator reflects the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.		The indicators on hunting and mass mortalities reflect the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.	The HELCOM bycatch indicator reflects the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.		The indicators on hunting and mass mortalities reflect the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.	The HELCOM bycatch indicator reflects the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.		The indicators on hunting and mass mortalities reflect the pressure on population abundance. GES is not assessed for this criterion but the assessment contributes to the D1C2 'Population abundance'.
Element status	Not good			Good			Good			Good			Not good
Description element
Integration rule type parameter	MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC			MULTIMETRIC
Integration rule description parameter	75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline (HELCOM core indicator for breeding bird species).			75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline (HELCOM core indicator for breeding bird species).			75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline (HELCOM core indicator for breeding bird species).			75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline (HELCOM core indicator for breeding bird species).			75% of all species abundance trends should stay within a 30% limit from the baseline (HELCOM core indicator for breeding bird species).
Integration rule type criteria	OOAO			OOAO			OOAO			OOAO
Integration rule description criteria	Interim rule applied.			Interim rule applied.			Interim rule applied.			Interim rule applied.
GES extent threshold
GES extent achieved
GES extent unit
GES achieved	GES expected to be achieved by 2020			GES achieved			GES achieved			GES achieved			GES expected to be achieved by 2020
Description overall status	Only breeding birds were used because wintering birds do not exist in the area.			Only breeding birds were used because wintering birds do not exist in the area.			Only breeding birds were used because wintering birds do not exist in the area.			Only breeding birds were used because wintering birds do not exist in the area.			Only one criterion (abundance) was used. Only breeding birds were used because wintering birds do not exist in the area.
Assessments period	2011-2016			2011-2016			2011-2016			2011-2016			2011-2016
Related pressures	Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species			Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input or spread of non-indigenous species
Related targets	LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5 LUVA3			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5 LUVA3			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5 LUVAYLEINEN			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5 LUVA3			LUONTO2 LUONTO3 LUONTO5