Member State report / Art11 / 2014-2020 / D9 / Netherlands / NE Atlantic: Greater North Sea

Report type Member State report to Commission
MSFD Article Art. 11 Monitoring programmes (and Art. 17 updates)
Report due 2014-10-15; 2020-10-15
GES Descriptor D9 Contaminants in seafood
Member State Netherlands
Region/subregion NE Atlantic: Greater North Sea
Reported by Rijkswaterstaat
Report date 2014-10-16; 2020-11-17
Report access
2014 data
2020 data
Monitoring programme Monitoring programme name
MP_D9
Reference existing programme
Marine Unit ID
Q4e - Programme ID
ANSNL-D09
Q4f - Programme description
The Cabinet views this MSFD Monitoring Programme as a guiding component of the approach to ensure a good status of the marine environment in the Dutch part of the North Sea. The MSFD Monitoring Programme has been drawn up in accordance with Article 11 of the Directive. It details the actual monitoring of the 32 indicators outlined in the Marine Strategy Part 1. Based on the measurement data, the Monitoring Programme provides insight into: 1. The status of the indicators, thereby indicating the extent to which an environmental target is achieved (MSFD, Art. 10), in order to facilitate the ongoing assessment and periodic updating of the environmental targets (MSFD, Art. 5) in order to maintain or reach good environmental status. 2. The effectiveness of the programme of measures to be implemented under the MSFD. Although the Monitoring Programme focuses primarily on the 32 indicators from the Marine Strategy Part 1, it also uses, for the purpose of interpreting the results, a number of supporting parameters that are included as standard during sampling (such as temperature, acidity, conductivity, salinity and dissolved oxygen). For the purpose of the next assessment of the environmental status in 2017-2018 and assessments thereafter, use will also be made of the information resulting from monitoring for research or from other statutory frameworks and policy areas. This includes information from national monitoring under the Bathing Water Directive in the area of microbial pathogens, shipping intensity monitoring (including fishing vessels) for the purpose of shipping traffic safety and bathymetric information obtained from hydrographic measurements. In determing spatial and temporal distribution of the monitoring, natural variation is taken into account as well as the possibilities to distinguish changes from natural variability. Important parameters for climate change and ocean acidification, such as temperature and pH are incorporated in the regular monitoring programmes. Economic data is collected by Statistics Netherlands (abbreviated as CBS in Dutch). CBS supplies the required data following receipt of a specified request for information. Thus, the requirements of MSFD Art. 8 are met and the indicative list of elements included in MSFD Appendix III is incorporated. In this way, the MSFD Monitoring Programme provides a solid basis for updating the Marine Strategy during the second implementation cycle of the MSFD. This begins by updating the initial assessment (MSFD Art. 8) and describing the good environmental status (MSFD Art. 9), environmental targets and indicators (MSFD Art. 10) in 2018, and continues through to the adjustment of the existing programme of measures (Art. 13) in 2021. References: -More information on the rationale for the balance between monitoring of state/impact, pressures, activities and measures: MS II paragraph 2.3 (DPSIR –model) -MS II Annex 4
Q5e - Natural variability
  • Not relevant
  • Other
Q5d - Adequacy for assessment of GES Q5d - Adequate data
Y
Q5d - Established methods
Y
Q5d - Adequate understanding of GES
Y
Q5d - Adequate capacity
Y
Q5f - Description of programme for GES assessment
a,b) In the art 9 and 10 report in 2012 the Netherlands has opted for a general description of GES under art 9 and a further elaboration of the targets and associated indicators under art 10. These targets and indicators cover all criteria from the Commission Decision as far as they are considered relevant for the Netherlands part of the North Sea. Therefore, they also cover the information requirement for the assessment of the descriptors and targets. See paragraph 9.2.11 of the Marine Strategy II for a detailed description of how the targets and the information required to describe GES, via the elaboration of an information strategy, functional requirements and a monitoring strategy, are translated into the monitoring plan c) In the initial assessment it was concluded that GES has been reached for this descriptor. The monitoring allows for the quantitative assessment of both deviation from GES and trends. d) The measurements in the monitoring programme cannot distinguish natural (background) concentrations of metals and other naturally occurring compounds such as PAHs from anthropogenic sources. This has to be taken into account in the assessment. e) e) The MSFD Monitoring Plan will be updated annually in a digitally amended supplement based on the latest developments and insights in the area of indicator definitions and measurement methods, for example as a result from (sub) regional coordination within OSPAR.
Q5g - Gap-filling date for GES assessment
By2014
Q5h - Plans to implement monitoring for GES assessment
For the assessment of contaminants in the marine environment monitoring in biota is used (See sub-programme ANSNL-D08-Sub2-OSPAR-ConcBiota). It is being investigated whether there is could be an advantage in combining these monitoring programmes. Coordinated monitoring and assessment are already taking place under the applicable European laws and regulations.
Q6a -Relevant targets Q6a - Environmental target
9
Q6a - Associated indicator
9
Q6b - Adequacy for assessment of targets Q6b_SuitableData
Y
Q6b_EstablishedMethods
Y
Q6d_AdequateCapacity
Y
Q6c - Target updating
Y
Q6d - Description of programme for targets assessment
See 5f
Q6e - Gap-filling date for targets assessment
By2014
Q6f - Plans to implement monitoring for targets assessment
Q7a - Relevant activities
  • AgricultForestry
  • Dredging
  • Industry
  • OilGas
  • Shipping
  • Urban
Q7b - Description of monitoring of activities
Annex 4 of the Marine Strategy part 2 shows the DPSIR relations between ecosystem elements/descriptors, pressures and activities, as well as how the pressures and activities and their effects are monitored. Annex 3 of the Marine Strategy part 2 gives the relation between elements from the MSFD Annex 3 and the MSFD monitoring programme.
Q7c - Relevant measures
Q7e - Adequacy for assessment of measures Q7d - Adequate data
Y
Q7d - Established methods
Q7d - Adequate understanding of GES
Y
Q7d - Adequate capacity
Y
Q7d - Addresses activities and pressures
Y
Q7d - Addresses effectiveness of measures
Y
Q7d - Description of monitoring for measures
The monitoring programme renders quantitative information on the levels of contaminants in fish and seafood in the Netherlands part of the Greater North Sea. This information gives insight in the effectiveness of current and future measures
Q7f - Gap-filling date for activities and measures
By2014
Q8a - Links to existing Monitoring Programmes
  • CFP-DC-MAP
  • OSPAR
Reference sub-programme Sub-programme ID
ANSNL-D09-Sub1
Sub-programme name
Contaminant levels - in species, including seafood
Q4g - Sub-programmes Sub-programme ID
ANSNL-D09-Sub1
Sub-programme name
Contaminant levels - in species, including seafood
Q4k - Monitoring purpose
StateImpact
Q4l - Links of monitoring programmes of other Directives and Conventions
EC maximum levels for contamininants in foodstuffs: COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1881/2006 of 19 December 2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs COMMISSION RECOMMENDATION of 17 March 2010 on the monitoring of perfluoroalkylated substances in food (2010/161/EU) Table 1 on page 8 of the report http://edepot.wur.nl/274433 gives an overview of the maximum levels that the monitored values are compared to. http://edepot.wur.nl/274433
Q5c - Features Q5c - Habitats
  • SeabedHabitatsAll WaterColumnHabitatsAll
Q5c - Species list
  • FishAll
Q5c - Physical/Chemical features
Q5c - Pressures
  • IntroHazSubstOther
Q9a - Elements
  • Brominated flame retardants (BFRs)
  • Cadmium
  • Dioxins (Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and Polychlorinated dibenzofurans) and dioxin-like compounds
  • Lead
  • Mercury
  • Organotin compounds
  • Phthalates
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
  • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
  • per- and polyfluoralkylsubstances (PFASs)
Q5a - GES criteria Relevant GES criteria
  • 9.1
Q5b - GES indicators Relevant GES indicators
  • 9.1.1
  • 9.1.2
Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) Species distribution
Species population size
Species population characteristics
Species impacts
Habitat distribution
Habitat extent
Habitat condition (physical-chemical)
Habitat condition (biological)
Habitat impacts
Q9b - Parameters monitored (pressures) Pressure input
Pressure output
  • MP-9b-2-2-2
Q9b - Parameters monitored (activity) Activity
Q9b Parameters monitored (other) Other
Q41 Spatial scope
WFD_CW TerritorialWaters EEZ
Q4j - Description of spatial scope
Since 2004, the WOT-programme includes a yearly analysis of a wide range of contaminants in several species of fish, shellfish and cod-livers originating from the North Sea. See the report for more information: http://edepot.wur.nl/274433
Marine Unit IDs
  • ANSNL
Q4h - Temporal scope Start date- End date
1977-9999
Q9h - Temporal resolution of sampling
  • Yearly
Q9c - Monitoring method
The WOT programme runs since 2004. For the programme, each year 15-20 samples of North Sea fish and shellfish are taken and analysed on a wide range of contaminants. Every fish-sample is a mixed sample consisting of the edible parts of 25 individual fishes. http://edepot.wur.nl/274433
Q9d - Description of alteration to method
Q9e - Quality assurance
  • Other
  • RIKILT is accredited for the organization of Proficiency Tests by the Dutch Accreditation Council since 2006. The accreditation is based on ISO/IEC 17025:2010 and covers the quality system of the organisation as well as all the parameters mentioned in the scope.
Q9f - Quality control
OtherQC
Q9g - Spatial resolution of sampling Q9g - Proportion of area covered %
100
Q9g - No. of samples
Each year 15-20 samples of North Sea fish and shellfish are taken and analysed on a wide range of contaminants. Every fish-sample is a mixed sample consisting of the edible parts of 25 individual fishes.
Q9i - Description of sample representivity
Q10a - Scale for aggregation of data
  • EU
  • Region
  • Subregion
Q10b - Other scale for aggregation of data
Q10c - Access to monitoring data Q10c - Data type
ProcessedData DataProducts
Q10c - Data access mechanism
URLdownload
Q10c - Data access rights
Open
Q10c - INSPIRE standard
EnvMonitoringFacilities
Q10c Date data are available
2015-12
Q10c - Data update frequency
Yearly
Q10d - Description of data access
Each year in December a basic MSFD-datafile will be made available via the website of the Informatiehuis Marien (http://www.informatiehuismarien.nl/)
Descriptor
D9
Monitoring strategy description
The principal purpose of the MSFD monitoring programme is to review the progress that has been made towards achieving good environmental status prescribed for each criterion in the Marine Strategy Part I (2018). This review is based on established indicators. The monitoring can also be used to evaluate the environmental targets defined for each descriptor. The environmental targets are operational in nature and are linked to specific actions and/or measures in the Marine Strategy Part 3. The effects of individual measures cannot generally be linked directly to environmental status or the criteria. Monitoring data can, however, indirectly give an indication of the effectiveness of measures. The monitoring (methods, spatial and temporal coverage) aims to achieve sufficient statistical confidence in the assessment. The risk of not achieving GES or deterioration from GES is addressed in the Marine Strategy, Parts 1 and 3. The European Commission requests that the electronic reports explain how the DPSIR cycle is monitored and to which part of the cycle the monitoring surveys are linked. The MSFD monitoring programme helps to generate better insight into the relationships between the use of the sea and the marine ecosystem. This can be accomplished by monitoring pressures and the underlying activities (D1C1: incidental bycatch, D2: non-indigenous species, D3C1: fish mortality, D5: eutrophication, D6C1/D6C4: physical loss of seabed/habitats and D6C2: fisheries intensity and sand extraction, D8 and D9: pollutants, D10: litter, D11: underwater noise), and by monitoring species and habitats (D1: biodiversity (with the exception of D1C1), D3C2: spawning stock biomass, D4: food web, D6C3/D6C5: habitats ) and hydrographical characteristics (D7). The numerous relationships between the various elements of the marine ecosystem are complex, and many are still not known. Consequently, it is often only possible to give an indication of the impact of specific activities on the marine ecosystem. Experts generally derive DPSIR relationships from the monitoring of pressures/activities and of species and habitats (from the MSFD monitoring programme), in combination with data derived from permits and research programmes. However, some surveys have been established to measure pressures and their effects and/or to learn more about the effectiveness of measures. In designing the monitoring survey for benthic animals (habitats), the Netherlands explicitly took account of the need to
Coverage of GES criteria
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Gaps and plans
There are no monitoring gaps for D9.
Related targets
  • ANSNL-D9T1
Coverage of targets
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Related measures
  • ANSNL-M023 - 'Normering vervuilende stoffen in vis en visproducten'
Coverage of measures
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Related monitoring programmes
  • ANSNL-D09-Sub1
Programme code
ANSNL-D09-Sub1
Programme name
Contaminant levels - in species, including seafood
Update type
Same programme as in 2014
Old programme codes
Programme description
Monitoring is necessary to establish whether the concentrations of contaminants in fish and other seafood comply with the agreed national and international standards. These standards are laid down in EU Regulation 1881/2006 for dioxins, PCBs, PAHs and metals. Monitoring must also show whether concentrations are increasing or declining. For measurements in fish and other organisms for human consumption, including crabs, shrimps and shellfish, random samples are taken from different landed species originating from various geographical locations. The monitoring is carried out for the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality. The sampling occurs once a year. Catches from surveys on board research vessels are also used. Fish from both the Dutch section of the North Sea and elsewhere are used. An important criterion is that the collection is representative of the pattern of human consumption. The Netherlands has two programmes to monitor contaminants in fish and seafood for human consumption. Both are carried out by Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR): 1. Monitoring Dutch seafood: Since 2006, concentrations of contaminants have been measured in approximately twenty seafood products. The contaminants are: organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs, non-dioxin-like PCBs, cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic, PAH, PBDEs and PFAS. 2. Cod liver and hake liver programme: Since 1977, every year samples of cod have been taken at three locations, and of hake at a fourth location, for the cod liver and hake liver programme. The contaminants that are measured in the livers are PCBs, OCPs, PFAS, tributyltin and toxaphene. The purpose of this programme is to identify trends in the level of bioaccumulating compounds in fish, such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The analyses are carried out according to validated and ISO17025-accredited monitoring methods (for heavy metals, dioxins and PCBs) and validated monitoring methods (for other contaminants). The fitness for purpose of the monitoring methods is tested several times a year. WFSR is the national reference laboratory for dioxins, PCBs and metals in food. The monitoring has remained largely unchanged since 2014. PFASs, PBDEs and OCP are now also analysed, but no standards have been established for these compounds yet. Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) have recently attracted the attention of various European organisations, including the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the European Com
Monitoring purpose
  • Pressures in the marine environment
Other policies and conventions
  • Foodstuffs Regulation
Regional cooperation - coordinating body
  • OSPAR
Regional cooperation - countries involved
Regional cooperation - implementation level
Agreed data collection methods
Monitoring details
Features
Contaminants – in seafood
Contaminants – in seafood
Contaminants – in seafood
Contaminants – in seafood
Elements
  • Arsenic and its compounds
  • Cadmium and its compounds
  • Lead and its compounds
  • Mercury and its compounds
  • Brominated diphenylethers (congener numbers 28, 47, 66, 85, 99, 100, 153, 154, and 183)
  • Dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (12 PCB-DLs: 77,81,105,114,118,123,126,156,157,167,169,189)
  • Non-dioxin like PCB (sum of 6 PCB: 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 and 180)
  • Organochlorine pesticides
  • Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances
  • Sum of dioxins (WHO-PCDD/F-TEQ)
  • Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDD)
  • Tributyltin-cation
  • Sum of PAHs (Benzo(a)pyrene, Benzo(b)fluoranthene, Benzo(k)fluoranthene, Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene)
GES criteria
D9C1
Parameters
  • Concentration in biota (total)
  • Concentration in biota – muscle
  • Concentration in biota (total)
  • Concentration in biota – liver
  • Concentration in biota – muscle
  • Concentration in biota – liver
  • Concentration in biota (total)
Parameter Other
Spatial scope
  • Beyond MS Marine Waters
  • EEZ (or similar)
Marine reporting units
  • ANS-NL-MS-1
Temporal scope (start date - end date)
2006-9999
Monitoring frequency
Yearly
Monitoring type
  • In-situ sampling coastal
  • In-situ sampling offshore
Monitoring method
  • Other monitoring method
Monitoring method other
For the WOT programme, each year 15-20 samples of North Sea fish and shellfish are taken and analysed on a wide range of contaminants. Every fish-sample is a mixed sample consisting of the edible parts of 25 individual fishes. http://edepot.wur.nl/274433
Quality control
Aanalysis are carried out according to validated and ISO17025 accredited methods (heavy metals, dioxins and PCBs) and validated measurement methods (other contaminants). Measurement methods are tested several times a year for their suitability for the purpose. Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR) is the national reference laboratory for dioxins, PCBs and metals in food.
Data management
Marine Information and Data Centre Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR)
Data access
Related indicator/name
Contact
https://www.informatiehuismarien.nl/uk/secundaire-navigatie/contact/
References