ESAIndicatorAll

ESAIndicatorAll

ESAIndicatorAll

ESAIndicatorAll

2005-2010

2008-2010

2006-2009

2006-2009

Fisheries and Aquaculture: Used values reported over the years 2005-2010 in the reports of the Department of Fisheries and Marine Research

Desalination: Used values reported for 2008-2010 from the Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and the Environment

Tourism: Used tourism visit and infrastructure data from 2006 to 2009 to evaluate and estimate the 2010 values

Shipping: Used values for 2010 by Statistical Service

Department of Fisheries and Marine Research, Annual Reports 2005-2010 Initial Assessment, Part III, Section 1.3.1.1, p. 5-8

Statistical Service of Cyprus, Tourism Statistics, 2009, Series ΙΙ, Report no 7 Statistical Service of Cyprus, Statistics of Hotels and Restaurants 2009, Series II, Report no 19 Initial Assessment, Part III, Section 1.3.2.1-2, p. 11-14

Statistical Service of Cyprus, Industrial Statistics, 2010, Series ΙΙ, Report no 47 Statistical Service of Cyprus, Transportation Statistics 2010, Series ΙΙ, Report no 26 Statistical Service of Cyprus, Labor Statistics 2009, Series ΙΙ, Report no 28 Initial Assessment, Part III, Section 1.3.3.2, p. 17

Fisheries

Desalination

Aquaculture

TourismRecreation

Shipping

Ports

The most important segment of the Cyprus fishing fleet, both in economic and social terms, are the passive-gear vessels under 12 m in length. Every year, 500 licenses are issued to vessels which operate in inshore waters (1-3 nautical miles from the shore). The main gear used by these vessels are trammel nets (GTN) and set-anchored gillnets (GNS). Moreover, 434 licenses were given to small vessels (< 12 m) operating under special restrictions, such as a 600 m maximum length of nets and maximum of 70 working days (set at pre-defined days in a calendar at the beginning of each year). The main gear used by these vessels are set-anchored gillnets (GNS) and either handlines or pole lines (LHP) In 2009, this segment of the fleet landed 1000 tons of commercially important fisheries, or 53 % of the total. In addition, 22 polyvalent vessels or longliners (above 12 metres in length) target mainly large pelagic species such as swordfish, albacore, bluefin tuna and other tuna-like species, using drifting longlines, set longlines, trammel nets or set-anchored gillnets and pots/traps. In 2009, they accounted for 263 tons of landings or 14 % of the total Cyprus landings for the year. Finally, eleven licensed bottom trawlers operate offshore: three in Cyprus territorial waters (12 nautical miles) and eight operating in the rest of the Cyprus EEZ. In 2009, they accounted for 169 and 269 tons of landings respectively, or 23 % of the total for the year. In addition to the above, a large number (2211) of small vessels have recreational fisheries licenses and the extent and intensity of the fishing pressure they bring about is unknown. Overall, inshore, bottom-trawling, and pelagic long-line fisheries yield catches that consist of a large number of species (80 or more). However, there are eleven commercially exploited fish stocks, which account for more than 1 % of the total fishery. The following four have been assessed by stock assessment methods: Picarel (Spicara smaris), red mullet (Mullus barbatus), stripped red mullet (Mullus surmuletus), and bogue (Boops boops). 0 % had F < Fpa, and 75 % had SBB < Bpa. The other seven were assessed using other methods: common Pandora (Pagellus erythrinus), parrotfish (Sparisoma cretense), blotched picarel (Spicara maena), red porgy (Pagrus pagrus), axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne), comber (Serranus cabrilla), and the common dentex (Dentex dentex). 50-75 % (4/7, or 57 %) of these stocks are within safe biological limits. Discards, including non-commercial species represent 13 % of the total catch (bottom otter trawl fishery), while discards in the pelagic longline fishery may include the protected marine turtle Caretta caretta. While sensitive and important habitats, such as Posidonia meadows, are protected by special regulations, the impact of fisheries on water column and seabed functional groups is unknown.

A central problem that affects the quality of life of Cypriot citizens is that of lack of potable water. The situation may deteriorate in view of climate change. It is worthwhile mentioning that while the population is around 845 thousand inhabitants, annual tourists arrivals in recent years are up to 2.5 million. In order to deal with the water shortage the Republic of Cyprus: a) Elaborated a plan for managing and monitoring the demand for fresh water, and b) proceeded with the establishment of desalination units while additional ones are in the planning phase, aiming to the increase of the availability of potable fresh water. The existing permanent desalination units are those of Dekeleia and Larnaca with production capacity of 60,000 and 63,000 cubic m per day respectively. Moreover, a mobile unit at Moni is operating and generates 20,000 cubic m per day. These units produced 33 and 50 million cubic m in 2008 and 2009. Three additional permanent units are under completion: Episkopi, Pafos and Vasiliko, with daily capacities of 40,000, 40,000, and 60,000 cubic m respectively. Two more units with projected capacities of 20,000 cubic m per day each are in the initial phase of planning.

In Cyprus there are three marine fish hatcheries, one shrimp hatchery, and seven cage farms for sea beam and sea-bass. Until 2008, two farms for blue fin tuna fattening were also operating. Socioeconomic figures for these units are offered jointly with other aquaculture operations (nine farms for trout culturing and two farms for ornamental fishes). However, these other operations account for only a fraction of the total, therefore their inclusion in data will not affect the reliability of the figures. The production of table size fishes in 2009 and 2010 reached 3,390 tons and 4,077.4tons respectively (4,007.8 excluding the fresh water production). The relevant value of production for 2010 was EUR 20.1 million for table fish. The production of fry reached 11.8 million fry and a value of EUR 2.0 million in 2010.

Tourism in Cyprus, tied unbreakably with the marine surrounding of the island, is one of the most important sectors of the Cypriot economy. Despite the recent downturn in its basic statistics, it continues to contribute a lot to the GDP of the country. In 2001 tourism revenues were the 23% of GDP while in 2009 dropped to 10%. The values reported are based on accomodation figures as well as a fraction (50%) of the food-and-beverage-services sector contributing to tourism. 2009 was a bad year for Cypriot Tourism mainly due to the global recession, even though it is evident that this sector faces a general stagnation. In 2009 tourists arrivals decreased by 10.9% compared to those of 2008. Accordingly nights spent dropped by 9.6% and revenues decreased by 16.7%. Statistics of the two other categories of visitors, namely the cruise-ship visitors and the same-day tourists present the same picture. Regarding the origin of tourists, United Kingdom remained the major source of tourists’ movement with a share of 49.9% of total arrivals, while eight countries contribute to the 80% of arrivals. Tourism in Cyprus is clearly of leisure character with the 80% of tourists declare leisure as their purpose of visit. As for the remainder, 13.7% were visiting friends and family, while 7.3% came for business. The small share of mountain resorts justifies the argument that the main attraction pole for tourism in Cyprus is the sea.

The shipping sector calls for a wide range of necessary supporting services, which in the case of Cyprus include the following: Cold storage, bonded warehouses, port authority, navigation, pilotage and ship salvage, loading and unloading, stevedoring, shipping agencies, and custom agents. In all, indicators for these services vary according to economic downturn and recovery as it affects shipping activity.

75-100%

lessthan1%

lessthan1%

lessthan1%

lessthan1%

Unknown_NotAssessed

High

High

High

High

High

NotReported

03.11 Marine fishing, 10.20 Processing and preserving of fish, crustaceans and molluscs

None relevant

03.21 Marine aquaculture, 10.20 Processing and preserving of fish, crustaceans and molluscs

55.10 Hotels and similar accommodation

None relevant

None relevant

Stable

Increasing

Stable

Stable

Stable

2005-2010

2008-2010

2005-2010

2006-2009

2006-2009

-

BeStable

Increase

BeStable

BeStable

BeStable

2012-2020

2012-2020

2012-2020

2012-2020

2012-2020

-

Between 2005 and 2010, landings varied from a maximum of 2441 (2007) to a minimum of 1396 (2009 and 2010). Similarly, the value of these landings varied from EUR 9.4m (2005), to 14.9m (2007) to 11.7m (2009). No clear trend is discernible.

Production totaled 33 and 50 million cubic m in 2008 and 2009 respectively, and was valued at EUR 36.3 m and EUR 49.4 m.

The production value of marine aquaculture is fairly stable.

Despite the decrease in 2009, and a steady decrease of accomodation units during 2006-9, the production value is relatively stable from year to year

11.7

49.6

22.1

1317.7

472.6

High

Moderate

High

High

High

Despite the decrease in 2009, and a steady decrease of accomodation units during 2006-9, the value added is relatively stable from year to year

8.3

Unknown_NotAssessed

15.7

706.4

341.9

Unknown_NotAssessed

High

NotReported

High

High

High

NotReported

See "information gaps"

There are a total of 1238 employees in the fishing industry, the vast majority of which (97%) are male: 1062 are occupied in the inshore fishery, 92 on polyvalent vessels, and 84 on trawlers.

The number of employees in marine aquaculture is relatively stable at around 250.

The steady decrease of accomodation employees during the period 2006-9 was matched by an increase in employees in the food-and-beverage-services sector, thus holding the overall figures relatively steady.

1.238

Unknown_NotAssessed

250

26.999

5.425

Unknown_NotAssessed

High

NotReported

High

NotReported

NotReported

NotReported

See "information gaps"

CharacteristicsEcosystem

CharacteristicsEcosystem

CharacteristicsEcosystem

CharacteristicsEcosystem

CharacteristicsEcosystem

CharacteristicsEcosystem

CharacteristicsTheme

CharacteristicsTheme

CharacteristicsTheme

CharacteristicsTheme

CharacteristicsTheme

CharacteristicsTheme

CostDegradationEcosystem

CostDegradationEcosystem

CostDegradationEcosystem

CostDegradationEcosystem

CostDegradationEcosystem

CostDegradationEcosystem

CostDegradationOverview

CostDegradationOverview

CostDegradationOverview

CostDegradationOverview

CostDegradationOverview

CostDegradationOverview

CostDegradationTheme

CostDegradationTheme

CostDegradationTheme

CostDegradationTheme

CostDegradationTheme

CostDegradationTheme

InfoGapsEcosystem

InfoGapsEcosystem

InfoGapsEcosystem

InfoGapsEcosystem

InfoGapsEcosystem

InfoGapsEcosystem

InfoGapsTheme

InfoGapsTheme

InfoGapsTheme

InfoGapsTheme

InfoGapsTheme

InfoGapsTheme

Regarding trends, it is not expected that the overall effort exerted by the fishing fleet will decrease significantly. It is expected that bottom trawling may be slightly curtailed over the next 6-12 years. Limits imposed by the targets may limit the impact of the pressure, but it is not known yet to what degree. The impact of recreational fisheries, as well as the overall impact of fishing activities in other features of the seabed and water column ecosystems is not known.

Production value, value added and employment are not currently reported. In the future, it may be possible to compile these data as obtained by the desalination plants directly.

CephalopodsCoastShelf

MarineCoast

MarineCoast

ShallSand

MarineCoast

MarineCoast

Overall, inshore, bottom-trawling, and pelagic long-line fisheries yield catches that consist of a large number of species (80 or more). However, there are eleven commercially exploited fish stocks, which account for more than 1 % of the total fishery. The following four have been assessed by stock assessment methods: Picarel (Spicara smaris), red mullet (Mullus barbatus), stripped red mullet (Mullus surmuletus), and bogue (Boops boops). 0 % had F < Fpa, and 75 % had SBB < Bpa. The other seven were assessed using other methods: common Pandora (Pagellus erythrinus), parrotfish (Sparisoma cretense), blotched picarel (Spicara maena), red porgy (Pagrus pagrus), axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne), comber (Serranus cabrilla), and the common dentex (Dentex dentex). 50-75 % (4/7, or 57 %) of these stocks are within safe biological limits. In summary, most of the commercially important stocks are currently exploited beyond safe biological limits. Discards, including non-commercial species represent 13 % of the total catch (bottom otter trawl fishery), while discards in the pelagic longline fishery may include the protected marine turtle Caretta caretta. While sensitive and important habitats, such as Posidonia meadows, are protected by special regulations, the impact of fisheries on water column and seabed functional groups is unknown.

The impacts of brine discharge are limited in the immediate vicinity of discharge vents, due to the fact that vents are typically located at dynamically active locations.

In Cyprus there are three marine fish hatcheries, one shrimp hatchery, and seven cage farms for sea beam and sea-bass. Until 2008, two farms for blue fin tuna fattening were also operating. While they result in direct inputs of organic matter and nutrients into the marine environment, the occasional effects of these inputs are restricted to the vicinity of the discharge vents and cages and are rarely visible away from these input sources.

The main impact of shipping on the marine waters of Cyprus is underwater noise, but its extent and intensity are not currently known.

ExtractSpeciesFishShellfish-1

ChangeHydrology-1

NutrientOrgEnrich-1

Litter-1

Noise-1

Noise-1

NotReported-NotReported

NotReported-NotReported

NotReported-NotReported

NotReported-NotReported

NotReported-NotReported

NotReported-NotReported

NotReported-NotReported

NotReported-NotReported

NotReported-NotReported

NotReported-NotReported

NotReported-NotReported

NotReported-NotReported