F <

NA

Emergency relevance

Emergency relevance

Emergency relevance

Emergency relevance

year-1

NA

Emergency relevance

Emergency relevance

Emergency relevance

Emergency relevance

Fishing mortality through by-catch and the discarding of unwanted and undersised target and non-target species has a negative impact on commercial fish stocks.

Fishing mortality through by-catch and the discarding of unwanted and undersised target and non-target species has a negative impact on commercial fish stocks.

Emergency relevance

Emergency relevance

Emergency relevance

Not evaluated

No VMS obligation for vehicles < 15 m total length (2011), therefore there is no data basis for the analysis of spatial and temporal activity. Moreover, there is no notification obligation in this segment in terms of duration and length of the network. Analysis of fishing effort for the < 12m segment is not possible under current conditions. Only part of the logbook data from foreign vehicles is available.

No VMS obligation for vehicles < 15 m total length (2011), therefore there is no data basis for the analysis of spatial and temporal activity. Moreover, there is no notification obligation in this segment in terms of duration and length of the network. Analysis of fishing effort for the < 12m segment is not possible under current conditions. Only part of the logbook data from foreign vehicles is available.

No VMS obligation for rolling stock < 15 m total length (as at 2011), so far there is no data basis for the analysis of spatial and temporal activity. Moreover, there is no notification obligation in this segment in terms of duration and length of the network. There is no trend analysis in the fishing effort as the data basis was not sufficient. Only part of the logbook data from foreign vehicles is available.

Evaluations are based only on Kuttern > 15 m. the analysis of VMS data is based on raster-basis and therefore does not allow for any plot indication of the effectively polluted sea floor areas. Data evaluation is limited to 2006. Only part of the logbook data from foreign vehicles is available. There is no trend analysis in the fishing effort as the data basis was not sufficient. Only part of the logbook data from foreign vehicles is available.

Evaluations are based only on Kuttern > 15 m. the analysis of VMS data is based on raster-basis and therefore does not allow for any plot indication of the effectively polluted sea floor areas. Data evaluation is limited to 2006. Only part of the logbook data from foreign vehicles is available. There is no trend analysis in the fishing effort as the data basis was not sufficient. Only part of the logbook data from foreign vehicles is available.

No geographical coverage of recreational fisheries in the North Sea as recreational fishers and charter cutters do not have a VMS obligation. There is no legal basis for the collection of effort data. There is no time series on the cost of recreational fishermen in the German North Sea.

Evaluations are based only on Kuttern > 15 m. the analysis of VMS data is based on raster-basis and therefore does not allow for any plot indication of the effectively polluted sea floor areas. Data evaluation is limited to 2006. Only part of the logbook data from foreign vehicles is available. There is no trend analysis in the fishing effort as the data basis was not sufficient. Only part of the logbook data from foreign vehicles is available.

Evaluations are based only on Kuttern > 15 m. the analysis of VMS data is based on raster-basis and therefore does not allow for any plot indication of the effectively polluted sea floor areas. Data evaluation is limited to 2006. Only part of the logbook data from foreign vehicles is available.

Analysis of VMS data is carried out on a grid basis and therefore does not permit the use of surface areas that are actually under pressure. Data evaluation is limited to 2006.

Analysis of VMS data is carried out on a grid basis and therefore does not permit the use of surface areas that are actually under pressure. Data evaluation is limited to 2006.

The data used to estimate bycatch rates for invertebrates, marine mammals and birds are insufficient. Bycatch rates for fish species are better known due to the sampling of commercial cutters.

Additional assessments of commercial stocks not covered by ICES Advice for the 2012 initial evaluation of the MSFD are not carried out. For saithe the Assessment of 2011 has been revised. For whiting, reference values for Fmsy and Bmsytrigger are expected to be defined in 2013. In principle, the spatial link between national waters and stock assessment units is not identical, meaning that some species have been reported (e.g. saithe), which are found only marginally in the German North Sea.

An assessment of the state of the stocks of brown shrimp and blue mussel is only on a pro rata basis.

Cutters containing fyke nets, small bottom trawls or gillnets and coast development networks. Spatial and time intensity of exploitation is unknown as no VMS data are available for this segment.

Cutters containing fyke nets, small bottom trawls or gillnets and coast development networks. Spatial and time intensity of exploitation is unknown as no VMS data are available for this segment.

Vessels equipped with gillnets and entangling nets or fyke nets. The main fishing areas in the North Sea are the areas of Sylter Außenriff (pots) and the northern EEZ (gill nets and development networks).

Heavy beam vessels, dredges and towed gears and seines. The priority areas of fishing effort in the River Elbeappraisal valley (large beam trawls), the territorial sea (small beam trawls), the Wadden Sea areas in Schleswig-Holstein and Lower Saxony (the mussel dredging), as well as the Dogger Bank and Northern Exclusive Economic Zone (bottom trawls).

Pelagic trawl vessels. The main fishing area is the Sylter Außenriff.

Recreational fisheries were not included in the initial assessment.

Vessels fishing mussels and fishing vessels using beam trawls on the North Sea. A description of the spatial distribution is to be found in the segment > 12 m ? ?Mobile, Benthic damage?.

Vessels fishing mussels and fishing vessels using beam trawls on the North Sea. A description of the spatial distribution is to be found in the segment > 12 m ? ?Mobile, Benthic damage?.

In the German EEZ of the North Sea, beam trawling has the greatest influence on the sea bed to catch plaice and sole. On account of their numerous streamers? chain with a depth of up to 12 cm, the range of beam trawls up to 8 metres will cause significant adverse effects on the soil structure and the organisms at home and on the episauna. In the coastal area, mussel beds are particularly polluted by shellfish beds, as mussel beds are both mussels and companion fauna. As a result of the selective extraction, the bottom fishing activity exerts a direct influence on the fish fauna. Studies on the long-term effects of land fishing on the benthos of the North Sea show that over the course of the 20th century, within the highly exploited areas, the biomass of soil fauna has increased and the species richness diminished. Moreover, a shift in the Community structure of larger long-lived species to smaller, opportunistic organisms has taken place.

In the German EEZ of the North Sea, beam trawling has the greatest influence on the sea bed to catch plaice and sole. On account of their numerous streamers? chain with a depth of up to 12 cm, the range of beam trawls up to 8 metres will cause significant adverse effects on the soil structure and the organisms at home and on the episauna. In the coastal area, mussel beds are particularly polluted by shellfish beds, as mussel beds are both mussels and companion fauna. As a result of the selective extraction, the bottom fishing activity exerts a direct influence on the fish fauna. Studies on the long-term effects of land fishing on the benthos of the North Sea show that over the course of the 20th century, within the highly exploited areas, the biomass of soil fauna has increased and the species richness diminished. Moreover, a shift in the Community structure of larger long-lived species to smaller, opportunistic organisms has taken place.

Bycatch and discard of non-target species negatively affect commercially exploited fish stocks and the ecosystem in general (Fock and Odefective, 2010). In addition, opportunistic species benefit from discards, altering the natural range of species. In the case of long-lived non-target species such as marine mammals, seabirds, sharks and rays, the stock situation is partly under pressure, partly due to by-catch. In many cases, accurate data on the estimation of bycatch mortality is lacking. For instance, parking networks pose a particular risk to harbour porpoises ? only the Danish gillnet fisheries with gillnets and entangling nets specifically target cod and turbot between 4.500 and 7.000 individuals each year. Static nets continue to pose a danger to birds such as red-throated diver, trottell-sum or bast-oil, which feed their food on submersible, because they are entangled and drowning in the nets. In the German North Sea area, fixed gillnets are currently used only in isolated cases. Industrial fisheries for sandeel, sprat and herring are increasingly being discussed as a risk for the availability of marine mammals, seabirds and fish for consumption.

For the German North Sea, scientific catches have been available for 14 species from ICES. Of these, five species are classified as good (herring, sandeel, haddock, plaice and Norway pout), moderate (sole) and two species (cod. Saithe) as poor. For six types, due to a poor data basis or the reference values for SSB/F, the ICES catch advice does not allow for the assessment of the state of the stock (flounder, brill, dab, sprat, turbot and whiting). the selective extraction of large animals of the target species reduces the average size of the individual species and results in a previous stage of sexual maturation, which affects lower biomass and limited reproduction. In the German EEZ, until 2000 there was a decline in the mean length for target species and non-target species. discard rates (discardrate) 45 differ significantly, depending on the fishing segment in question. Beam trawl fishing is the largest, with 62 %, followed by bottom trawling (55 %). Flat fish, gurnard and crabs represent the largest proportion of discards.

In the coastal area, mussel dredging is particularly polluted with the structure of mussels, as mussel dredge is both of the mussels and of the companion fauna. There are no reference values for mussels and brown shrimp, but the landing of brown shrimp has remained stable until 2009. By contrast, the landing of mussels shows a negative trend.

Unknown_NoAssseide

Unknown_NoAssseide

Unknown_NoAssseide

75-100%

Unknown_NoAssseide

Unknown_NoAssseide

Unknown_NoAssseide

Unknown_NoAssseide

75-100%

75-100%

16 out of 18 (88 %)

Unknown_NoAssseide

%

sole), demersal species (sandeel, cod, haddock) and pelagic trawlers (herring, sprat). A mixed form of aquaculture and wild fisheries takes place in the Wadden Sea areas, where wild young mussels are spread on designated land to grow to plant sizes.

sole), demersal species (sandeel, cod, haddock) and pelagic trawlers (herring, sprat). A mixed form of aquaculture and wild fisheries takes place in the Wadden Sea areas, where wild young mussels are spread on designated land to grow to plant sizes.

sole), demersal species (sandeel, cod, haddock) and pelagic trawlers (herring, sprat). A mixed form of aquaculture and wild fisheries takes place in the Wadden Sea areas, where wild young mussels are spread on designated land to grow to plant sizes.

sole), demersal species (sandeel, cod, haddock) and pelagic trawlers (herring, sprat). A mixed form of aquaculture and wild fisheries takes place in the Wadden Sea areas, where wild young mussels are spread on designated land to grow to plant sizes.

sole), demersal species (sandeel, cod, haddock) and pelagic trawlers (herring, sprat). A mixed form of aquaculture and wild fisheries takes place in the Wadden Sea areas, where wild young mussels are spread on designated land to grow to plant sizes.

sole), demersal species (sandeel, cod, haddock) and pelagic trawlers (herring, sprat). A mixed form of aquaculture and wild fisheries takes place in the Wadden Sea areas, where wild young mussels are spread on designated land to grow to plant sizes.

sole), demersal species (sandeel, cod, haddock) and pelagic trawlers (herring, sprat). A mixed form of aquaculture and wild fisheries takes place in the Wadden Sea areas, where wild young mussels are spread on designated land to grow to plant sizes.

sole), demersal species (sandeel, cod, haddock) and pelagic trawlers (herring, sprat). A mixed form of aquaculture and wild fisheries takes place in the Wadden Sea areas, where wild young mussels are spread on designated land to grow to plant sizes.

sole), demersal species (sandeel, cod, haddock) and pelagic trawlers (herring, sprat). A mixed form of aquaculture and wild fisheries takes place in the Wadden Sea areas, where wild young mussels are spread on designated land to grow to plant sizes.

sole), demersal species (sandeel, cod, haddock) and pelagic trawlers (herring, sprat). A mixed form of aquaculture and wild fisheries takes place in the Wadden Sea areas, where wild young mussels are spread on designated land to grow to plant sizes.

sole), demersal species (sandeel, cod, haddock) and pelagic trawlers (herring, sprat). A mixed form of aquaculture and wild fisheries takes place in the Wadden Sea areas, where wild young mussels are spread on designated land to grow to plant sizes.

sole), demersal species (sandeel, cod, haddock) and pelagic trawlers (herring, sprat). A mixed form of aquaculture and wild fisheries takes place in the Wadden Sea areas, where wild young mussels are spread on designated land to grow to plant sizes.

sole), demersal species (sandeel, cod, haddock) and pelagic trawlers (herring, sprat). A mixed form of aquaculture and wild fisheries takes place in the Wadden Sea areas, where wild young mussels are spread on designated land to grow to plant sizes.

There are still data gaps in the collection and assessment of bycatch of some functional groups, including marine mammals, seabirds and cephalopods. Further data gaps exist in the data used for the impact of recreational fisheries. The absence of a VMS obligation for small vehicles has an aggravating effect on the spatial presentation of the effort. The acquisition of the mussel stocks in the sublimation site is difficult for methodological reasons.

There are still data gaps in the collection and assessment of bycatch of some functional groups, including marine mammals, seabirds and cephalopods. Further data gaps exist in the data used for the impact of recreational fisheries. The absence of a VMS obligation for small vehicles has an aggravating effect on the spatial presentation of the effort. The acquisition of the mussel stocks in the sublimation site is difficult for methodological reasons.

There are still data gaps in the collection and assessment of bycatch of some functional groups, including marine mammals, seabirds and cephalopods. Further data gaps exist in the data used for the impact of recreational fisheries. The absence of a VMS obligation for small vehicles has an aggravating effect on the spatial presentation of the effort. The acquisition of the mussel stocks in the sublimation site is difficult for methodological reasons.

There are still data gaps in the collection and assessment of bycatch of some functional groups, including marine mammals, seabirds and cephalopods. Further data gaps exist in the data used for the impact of recreational fisheries. The absence of a VMS obligation for small vehicles has an aggravating effect on the spatial presentation of the effort. The acquisition of the mussel stocks in the sublimation site is difficult for methodological reasons.

There are still data gaps in the collection and assessment of bycatch of some functional groups, including marine mammals, seabirds and cephalopods. Further data gaps exist in the data used for the impact of recreational fisheries. The absence of a VMS obligation for small vehicles has an aggravating effect on the spatial presentation of the effort. The acquisition of the mussel stocks in the sublimation site is difficult for methodological reasons.

There are still data gaps in the collection and assessment of bycatch of some functional groups, including marine mammals, seabirds and cephalopods. Further data gaps exist in the data used for the impact of recreational fisheries. The absence of a VMS obligation for small vehicles has an aggravating effect on the spatial presentation of the effort. The acquisition of the mussel stocks in the sublimation site is difficult for methodological reasons.

There are still data gaps in the collection and assessment of bycatch of some functional groups, including marine mammals, seabirds and cephalopods. Further data gaps exist in the data used for the impact of recreational fisheries. The absence of a VMS obligation for small vehicles has an aggravating effect on the spatial presentation of the effort. The acquisition of the mussel stocks in the sublimation site is difficult for methodological reasons.

There are still data gaps in the collection and assessment of bycatch of some functional groups, including marine mammals, seabirds and cephalopods. Further data gaps exist in the data used for the impact of recreational fisheries. The absence of a VMS obligation for small vehicles has an aggravating effect on the spatial presentation of the effort. The acquisition of the mussel stocks in the sublimation site is difficult for methodological reasons.

There are still data gaps in the collection and assessment of bycatch of some functional groups, including marine mammals, seabirds and cephalopods. Further data gaps exist in the data used for the impact of recreational fisheries. The absence of a VMS obligation for small vehicles has an aggravating effect on the spatial presentation of the effort. The acquisition of the mussel stocks in the sublimation site is difficult for methodological reasons.

There are still data gaps in the collection and assessment of bycatch of some functional groups, including marine mammals, seabirds and cephalopods. Further data gaps exist in the data used for the impact of recreational fisheries. The absence of a VMS obligation for small vehicles has an aggravating effect on the spatial presentation of the effort. The acquisition of the mussel stocks in the sublimation site is difficult for methodological reasons.

There are still data gaps in the collection and assessment of bycatch of some functional groups, including marine mammals, seabirds and cephalopods. Further data gaps exist in the data used for the impact of recreational fisheries. The absence of a VMS obligation for small vehicles has an aggravating effect on the spatial presentation of the effort. The acquisition of the mussel stocks in the sublimation site is difficult for methodological reasons.

There are still data gaps in the collection and assessment of bycatch of some functional groups, including marine mammals, seabirds and cephalopods. Further data gaps exist in the data used for the impact of recreational fisheries. The absence of a VMS obligation for small vehicles has an aggravating effect on the spatial presentation of the effort. The acquisition of the mussel stocks in the sublimation site is difficult for methodological reasons.

There are still data gaps in the collection and assessment of bycatch of some functional groups, including marine mammals, seabirds and cephalopods. Further data gaps exist in the data used for the impact of recreational fisheries. The absence of a VMS obligation for small vehicles has an aggravating effect on the spatial presentation of the effort. The acquisition of the mussel stocks in the sublimation site is difficult for methodological reasons.