Member State report / Art8 / 2018 / D10 / Denmark / NE Atlantic: Greater North Sea

Report type Member State report to Commission
MSFD Article Art. 8 Initial assessment (and Art. 17 updates)
Report due 2018-10-15
GES Descriptor D10 Litter
Member State Denmark
Region/subregion NE Atlantic: Greater North Sea
Reported by Danish Environmental Protection Agency
Report date 2019-08-30
Report access DK_ART8_GES_Merge_20190829.xml

Danish part of Atlantic North Sea from coastline to EEZ. Data covers DK-TOTAL. (DK-TOTAL-part-ANS)

GES component
D10
D10
D10
D10
D10
D10
Feature
Litter in the environment
Litter in the environment
Micro-litter in the environment
Micro-litter in the environment
Litter and micro-litter in species
Litter and micro-litter in species
Element
Macrolitter (all)
Macrolitter (all)
Artificial polymer materials
Artificial polymer materials
Artificial polymer materials
Artificial polymer materials
Element code
FI_Macrolitter
FI_Macrolitter
ARTPOLY
ARTPOLY
ARTPOLY
ARTPOLY
Element code source
Undefined
Undefined
Link to other vocabulary or code lists that may be relevant
Link to other vocabulary or code lists that may be relevant
Link to other vocabulary or code lists that may be relevant
Link to other vocabulary or code lists that may be relevant
Element 2
Element 2 code
Element 2 code source
Element source
OSPAR
OSPAR
EU
EU
OSPAR
OSPAR
Criterion
D10C1
D10C1
D10C2
D10C2
D10C3
D10C3
Parameter
Amount on coastline
Amount on seabed
Other
Other
Other
Other
Parameter other
Amount per kg of seabed sediment
Amount per square metre for surface layer of the water column
Amount ingested in fish
Amount ingested in fulmars
Threshold value upper
Threshold value lower
Threshold qualitative
The composition, quantity and spatial distribution of waste along the coast and on the seabed are at levels that do not harm the coastal and marine environment
The composition, quantity and spatial distribution of waste along the coast and on the seabed are at levels that do not harm the coastal and marine environment
The composition, amount and spatial distribution of micro-waste in the surface layer of the water column and in the seabed sediment are at levels that do not harm the coastal and marine environment.
The composition, amount and spatial distribution of micro-waste in the surface layer of the water column and in the seabed sediment are at levels that do not harm the coastal and marine environment.
The amount of litter and micro-litter that marine animals consume is at a level that does not adversely affect the health of the species concerned.
Threshold value source
Other (specify)
Other (specify)
Other (specify)
Other (specify)
Other (specify)
Other (specify)
Threshold value source other
COM DEC 2017/848
COM DEC 2017/848
COM DEC 2017/848
COM DEC 2017/848
COM DEC 2017/848
COM DEC 2017/848
Value achieved upper
9137.0
3.1
3511.0
Value achieved lower
31.0
7.6
192.0
Value unit
Other
number of items per square kilometre
number of items per kilogram of dry weight
number of items per square metre
Other
Other
Value unit other
number of items per 100 metres on the coastline
Amount of litter and microlitter in grams and number per individual
Amount of litter and microlitter in grams and number per individual
Proportion threshold value
Proportion value achieved
Proportion threshold value unit
Trend
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Parameter achieved
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Description parameter
Marine waste, due to current conditions, poses a particular problem on the beaches along the west coast of Jutland. The highest levels of waste in 2015 were recorded on the Skagerrak beach at Skagen with 2146-9137 pieces of waste per 100 m, followed by 191-413 pieces of waste at Nymindegab, and 31-204 pieces of waste per 100 m by the beaches of the Baltic Sea and Roskilde Fjord. Plastics were the dominant material type, accounting for 48-84%.
Plastic is the predominant waste trapped in the trawls, as it is present at almost every station. The highest amount of plastic in the period 2011-2016 is 4.52 kg / km2. If instead of weight is seen on the number of waste pieces, the data series is shorter, since registration of the number was included in the monitoring method later. The number of plastic pieces in the period 2013-2016 ranges between 5.5 and 7.6 pieces / km2 in the North Sea and between 3.1 and 3.8 pieces / km2 in the Baltic Sea. It is not possible to conclude whether there are significant trends, as the time series are still too short.
In 2015, sediment samples from both the North Sea and inland Danish waters were collected and analyzed for microplastics in the size of 20-5000 µm. The results show that microplastics are present in all samples in amounts of 192-3511 particles per kg of sediment (dry weight). The smallest particle sizes are dominant and fibers are the most frequent type of particle. In terms of color composition, blue particles constituted the largest group, but a chemical analysis of the plastic type was not performed. However, the analysis results must be used with caution as the methods of collection, processing and analysis are constantly evolving.
Data for microplastics in Danish surface water are few and not systematically collected. There are data on micro-plastic in Danish surface water for the following areas: the North Sea, the Kattegat / Northern Sound, the Belt Sea and the Baltic Sea. Microplastics are present in all areas where data have been collected, however, at concentrations that are significantly lower than in the marine concentration zones, e.g. has been observed in the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian Ocean and Mediterranean. Data has been collected using a variety of methods, and standardized methods for collection and analysis are lacking.
In 2013 and 2016, the Danish Nature Agency (now the Danish Environmental Protection Agency) conducted studies on microplastics in fish stomachs, where microparticles were found in ca. 20-30% of the fish stomachs.
In the years 2012-2016, 95% of fulmars had plastic in their stomachs. On average, they had 23 plastic particles in the stomach with a total weight of 0.25 grams. 47% of birds had over 0.1 grams of plastic in their stomachs. OSPAR's long-term goal that a maximum of 10% of birds may have more than 0.1 grams of plastic in their stomachs has not been achieved. However, the number of birds collected in Denmark is slightly lower than the average for the entire North Sea and thus indicates that the waters near Denmark are cleaner than the average for the total North Sea. The Danish sample sizes are very small and it is therefore difficult to detect a significant trend. However, when looking at the overall OSPAR area, no significant trend is observed over the last 10 years.
Related indicator
Criteria status
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Description criteria
Element status
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Description element
Integration rule type parameter
Not relevant
Not relevant
Not relevant
Not relevant
Not relevant
Not relevant
Integration rule description parameter
Integration rule type criteria
Not relevant
Not relevant
Not relevant
Not relevant
Not relevant
Not relevant
Integration rule description criteria
Not relevant.
Not relevant.
Not relevant.
Not relevant.
Not relevant.
Not relevant.
GES extent threshold
GES extent achieved
GES extent unit
GES achieved
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Description overall status
Although there is not yet a sufficient scientific basis to set thresholds based on the harmful effects of waste and micro-waste, waste is basically not in nature. Therefore, it is estimated that today there is too much waste in the marine environment. As thresholds have not yet been established, there is insufficient professional basis for quantitatively assessing if good environmental status has been achieved.
Although there is not yet a sufficient scientific basis to set thresholds based on the harmful effects of waste and micro-waste, waste is basically not in nature. Therefore, it is estimated that today there is too much waste in the marine environment. As thresholds have not yet been established, there is insufficient professional basis for quantitatively assessing if good environmental status has been achieved.
Although there is not yet a sufficient scientific basis to set thresholds based on the harmful effects of waste and micro-waste, waste is basically not in nature. Therefore, it is estimated that today there is too much waste in the marine environment. As thresholds have not yet been established, there is insufficient professional basis for quantitatively assessing if good environmental status has been achieved.
Although there is not yet a sufficient scientific basis to set thresholds based on the harmful effects of waste and micro-waste, waste is basically not in nature. Therefore, it is estimated that today there is too much waste in the marine environment. As thresholds have not yet been established, there is insufficient professional basis for quantitatively assessing if good environmental status has been achieved.
Although there is not yet a sufficient scientific basis to set thresholds based on the harmful effects of waste and micro-waste, waste is basically not in nature. Therefore, it is estimated that today there is too much waste in the marine environment. As thresholds have not yet been established, there is insufficient professional basis for quantitatively assessing if good environmental status has been achieved.
Although there is not yet a sufficient scientific basis to set thresholds based on the harmful effects of waste and micro-waste, waste is basically not in nature. Therefore, it is estimated that today there is too much waste in the marine environment. As thresholds have not yet been established, there is insufficient professional basis for quantitatively assessing if good environmental status has been achieved.
Assessments period
2011-2016
2011-2016
2011-2016
2011-2016
2011-2016
2011-2016
Related pressures
  • Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter)
  • Litter in the environment
  • Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter)
  • Litter in the environment
  • Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter)
  • Micro-litter in the environment
  • Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter)
  • Micro-litter in the environment
  • Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter)
  • Litter and micro-litter in species
  • Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter)
  • Litter and micro-litter in species
Related targets
  • DK-T10.1
  • DK-T10.2
  • DK-T10.3
  • DK-T10.4
  • DK-T10.6
  • DK-T10.7
  • DK-T10.1
  • DK-T10.2
  • DK-T10.3
  • DK-T10.4
  • DK-T10.6
  • DK-T10.7
  • DK-T10.1
  • DK-T10.2
  • DK-T10.3
  • DK-T10.4
  • DK-T10.5
  • DK-T10.6
  • DK-T10.7
  • DK-T10.1
  • DK-T10.2
  • DK-T10.3
  • DK-T10.4
  • DK-T10.5
  • DK-T10.6
  • DK-T10.7
  • DK-T10.1
  • DK-T10.2
  • DK-T10.3
  • DK-T10.4
  • DK-T10.6
  • DK-T10.7
  • DK-T10.1
  • DK-T10.2
  • DK-T10.3
  • DK-T10.4
  • DK-T10.6
  • DK-T10.7