Member State report / Art11 / 2014-2020 / D5 / Estonia / Baltic Sea

Report type Member State report to Commission
MSFD Article Art. 11 Monitoring programmes (and Art. 17 updates)
Report due 2014-10-15; 2020-10-15
GES Descriptor D5 Eutrophication
Member State Estonia
Region/subregion Baltic Sea
Reported by Estonian Environment Agency
Report date 2014-09-25; 2020-11-11
Report access
2014 data
2020 data
Monitoring programme Monitoring programme name
MP_D1_4_6_WaterColumnHabitats
MP_D5
Reference existing programme
Marine Unit ID
Q4e - Programme ID
BALLT-D02457-1
BALLT-D02457-1
Q4f - Programme description
Fiziniai-cheminiai bei hidrologiniai-meteorologiniai parametrai svarbūs tiek pelagialės, tiek dugno buveinių ir bendrijų būklei interpretuoti (daugiau informacijos pdf ataskaitoje, 146 psl.). Hidrologiniai-meteorologiniai parametrai taip pat yra labai svarbūs klimato kaitai vertinti. Fitoplankton...
According to eutrophication descriptor‘s aproach and targets it can be stated that environmental monitoring program fulfills all requirements and indicators. The overall approach of Lithuanian monitoring program is described in the Marine Strategy of Lithuania. The programe mainly addresses criteria and indicators which relates with eutrophication processes, like concentrations of nutrients, chlorophyll „a“, oxygen concentrations, macrophytes and macroalgae, water transparency. Considering DSPIR framework monitoring program coherent only with pressure on the sea environment. The programme is focussed on pressures, but also includes state/impacts.
Q5e - Natural variability
  • ExpertOpinion
  • Qualitative
  • Quantiative
  • ExpertOpinion
  • Qualitative
  • Quantiative
Q5d - Adequacy for assessment of GES Q5d - Adequate data
Y
Y
Q5d - Established methods
N
Y
Q5d - Adequate understanding of GES
N
Y
Q5d - Adequate capacity
Y
Y
Q5f - Description of programme for GES assessment
Kol kas nustatyti tik zooplanktono rodikliai: Irklakojų vėžiagyvių (Copepoda) grupės biomasė ir Zooplanktono mikrofagų biomasė. Šiame etape kitų rodiklių pagal kuriuos būtų galima vertinti buveinių būklę, o taip pat „gerą būklę“ nėra. Įgyvendinant ES Bendrąją vandens politikos direktyvą yra pate...
a. Monitoringo programa iš dalies įvertina eutrofikacijos deskriptoriaus tikslus. (Monitoring program addresses almost all assessment needs for the eutrophication descriptor, partly adresses targets of descriptor); b. Atliekant maisto medžiagų lygių stebėjimą priekrantėje, teritorinėje jūroje ir ...
Q5g - Gap-filling date for GES assessment
By2018
By2020
Q5h - Plans to implement monitoring for GES assessment
Siekiant užpildyti spragas maistinių medžiagų srautų pasiskirstymui siūloma sukurti išsamių sezoninių stebėjimų Klaipėdos sąsiaurio akvatorijoje programas, siekiant įvertinti maistinių medžiagų srautus, atsižvelgiant į konkrečius srovių krypties ir greičio, meteorologinių sąlygų ir kritulių rezul...
Q6a -Relevant targets Q6a - Environmental target
4
5
Q6a - Associated indicator
4.3.1 a 4.3.1 b 4.3.1 c 4.3.1 d 4.3.1 e 4.3.1 f
5.1.1 a 5.1.1 b 5.1.1 d 5.1.1 e 5.1.1 f 5.1.1 g 5.1.1 h 5.2.1 a 5.2.1 b 5.2.2 5.3.1
Q6b - Adequacy for assessment of targets Q6b_SuitableData
Y
Y
Q6b_EstablishedMethods
N
Y
Q6d_AdequateCapacity
N
Y
Q6c - Target updating
Y
Y
Q6d - Description of programme for targets assessment
2015 metais numatoma patikslinti tikslus ir susijusius rodiklius. Tuomet bus vertinamas monitoringo pakankamumas ir adekvatumas vertinant tikslų pažangą bei programos trūkumų šalinimas.
Pagrindinės priemonės, siekiant GAB statuso eutrofikacijos rodikliams Baltijos jūroje, iš esmės atitinka ir EK Bendrosios vandens politikos direktyvoje numatytiems ir jau įgyvendintiems kitų direktyvų reikalavimams. Tačiau, kaip nurodoma (Lietuvos vandens telkinių būklės gerinimo priemonės, 2011)...
Q6e - Gap-filling date for targets assessment
By2018
By2020
Q6f - Plans to implement monitoring for targets assessment
Lietuvos įsipareigojimai surinkinėti ir pradėti tinkamai valyti tam tikrų aglomeracijų nuotekas vykdomi, atsižvelgiant į terminus ir sąlygas, numatytas stojimo į ES sutartyje. Pagrindinės MNV direktyvos priemonės numato nuotekų surinkimo infrastruktūros gerinimą, vandens valymo įrenginių įrengimą...
Q7a - Relevant activities
  • AgricultForestry
  • Dredging
  • Industry
  • Ports
  • SolidWasteDisposal
  • Urban
  • AgricultForestry
  • Industry
  • Urban
Q7b - Description of monitoring of activities
Pagrindinė problema kol kas susijusi su besitęsiančia eutrofikacija, nors buveinių pokyčius gali įtakoti kiti veiksniai, sukeliantys hidrologinių sąlygų (vandens temperatūros, druskingumo) pasikeitimus. Copepoda grupės biomasė rodo zooplanktono bendrijos struktūrą ir planktofagių žuvų maistinę ba...
Monitoring program is not able to identify which pressures that are causing environmental changes, only indicates levels of nutrients in water body.
Q7c - Relevant measures
Q7e - Adequacy for assessment of measures Q7d - Adequate data
Y
N
Q7d - Established methods
N
Y
Q7d - Adequate understanding of GES
N
N
Q7d - Adequate capacity
Y
Y
Q7d - Addresses activities and pressures
Y
Q7d - Addresses effectiveness of measures
Y
Q7d - Description of monitoring for measures
Q7f - Gap-filling date for activities and measures
By2018
By2020
Q8a - Links to existing Monitoring Programmes
  • HELCOM
  • WFD
  • BathingWater
  • HELCOM
  • Habitats
  • Nitrates
  • UWWTD
  • WFD
Reference sub-programme Sub-programme ID
Sub-programme name
Water column - physical characteristics
Water column - hydrological characteristics
Ice cover
Water column - chemical characteristics
Nutrient levels - in water column
Plankton blooms (biomass, frequency)
Pelagic habitats - community characteristics
Water column - chemical characteristics
Nutrient levels - in water column
Pelagic habitats - community characteristics
Plankton blooms (biomass, frequency)
Q4g - Sub-programmes Sub-programme ID
Sub-programme name
Water column - physical characteristics
Water column - hydrological characteristics
Ice cover
Water column - chemical characteristics
Nutrient levels - in water column
Plankton blooms (biomass, frequency)
Pelagic habitats - community characteristics
Water column - chemical characteristics
Nutrient levels - in water column
Pelagic habitats - community characteristics
Plankton blooms (biomass, frequency)
Q4k - Monitoring purpose
Q4l - Links of monitoring programmes of other Directives and Conventions
Q5c - Features Q5c - Habitats
  • VarSalinity MarineCoast MarineShelf
  • ShelfCoarseSed ShelfSand ShelfMxdSed VarSalinity MarineCoast MarineShelf
Q5c - Species list
  • FunctionalGroupOther
  • Phytoplankton, Zooplankton, Bacterioplankton, physical-chemical parameters
  • FunctionalGroupOther
  • Phytoplankton, macroinvertebrates, macrophytes/macroalgae
Q5c - Physical/Chemical features
  • CurrentVelocity
  • IceCover
  • NutrientLevels
  • OxygenLevels
  • PhysicalChemicalOther
  • Salinity
  • SeaBottomTemperature
  • SeaSurfaceTemperature
  • TopographyBathymetry
  • Transparency
  • Turbidity
  • WaveExposure
  • pH
  • CurrentVelocity
  • Mixing
  • NutrientLevels
  • OxygenLevels
  • Salinity
  • SeaBottomTemperature
  • SeaSurfaceTemperature
  • Transparency
  • Turbidity
  • Upwelling
  • WaveExposure
  • pH
Q5c - Pressures
  • AcutePollutionEvents
  • BioDisturb_other
  • ChangeHydrology
  • ChangeSalinity
  • ChangeThermal
  • InputOrganics
  • IntroNIS
  • NutrientOrgEnrich
  • PhysDisturbance
  • ChangeHydrology
  • ChangeSalinity
  • ChangeThermal
  • InputN_Psubst
  • InputOrganics
  • NutrientOrgEnrich
Q9a - Elements
Q5a - GES criteria Relevant GES criteria
  • 4.3
  • 5.1
  • 5.2
  • 5.3
  • 5.1
  • 5.2
  • 5.3
  • 6.2
Q5b - GES indicators Relevant GES indicators
  • 4.3.1
  • 5.1.1
  • 5.1.2
  • 5.2.1
  • 5.2.2
  • 5.3.2
  • 5.1.1
  • 5.1.2
  • 5.2.1
  • 5.2.2
  • 5.2.4
  • 5.3.1
  • 5.3.2
Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) Species distribution
Species population size
Species population characteristics
Species impacts
Habitat distribution
Habitat extent
Habitat condition (physical-chemical)
Habitat condition (biological)
Habitat impacts
Q9b - Parameters monitored (pressures) Pressure input
Pressure output
Q9b - Parameters monitored (activity) Activity
Q9b Parameters monitored (other) Other
Q41 Spatial scope
Q4j - Description of spatial scope
Marine Unit IDs
  • BAL-LT-MS-01
  • BAL-LT-MS-01
Q4h - Temporal scope Start date- End date
-
-
Q9h - Temporal resolution of sampling
Q9c - Monitoring method
Q9d - Description of alteration to method
Q9e - Quality assurance
Q9f - Quality control
Q9g - Spatial resolution of sampling Q9g - Proportion of area covered %
Q9g - No. of samples
Q9i - Description of sample representivity
Q10a - Scale for aggregation of data
Q10b - Other scale for aggregation of data
Q10c - Access to monitoring data Q10c - Data type
Q10c - Data access mechanism
Q10c - Data access rights
Q10c - INSPIRE standard
Q10c Date data are available
Q10c - Data update frequency
Q10d - Description of data access
Descriptor
D5
Monitoring strategy description
The aim of the monitoring strategy “SD5 - Eutrophication” is to collect data on nutrient inputs, concentrations as well as direct and indirect effect of eutrophication. The parameters monitored are concentrations of inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and phosphorus (DIP), total nitrogen (TN) and phosphorus (TP), phytoplankton chlorophyll-a content, biomass and blooms, water transparency, dissolved oxygen concentration, status of the benthic flora and fauna. The main human-induced pressures are related to the nutrient inputs by rivers, direct discharges (incl marine fish farms) and atmospheric deposition. Also, nutrient loads from the adjacent marine areas as well as from bottom sediments have to be estimated. The following monitoring programmes produce relevant data for the assessments of the eutrophication status and impact, as well as pressures in the environment: “Phytoplankton species composition, abundance and biomass”, “Chlorophyll-a”, “Harmful blooms (remote sensing)”, “Inputs of nutrients and contaminants – land-based sources”, “Phytobenthic communities”, “Macrozoobenthos”, “Water column – physical characteristics”, “Water column – chemical characteristics”, and “Nutrients in the water column”. Information on the uses and human activities causing eutrophication is collected in the programme “Marine and coastal activities”.
Coverage of GES criteria
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Gaps and plans
There is a need to analyse the structure of the national hydrochemical monitoring programme of rivers, including its spatial and temporal scope, in order to ensure sufficient data for reliable assessment of nutrient load from land-based sources (including nutrient balance on agricultural land). There are only a few marine stations, where water sampling of nutrients are done from discrete depths strictly following HELCOM guidance. Samples are collected from 1, 5, 10 m depth and the bottom layer at the most stations. This doesn't give a comprehensive overview of nutrients concentration in the water column, the depth of nutricline after spring bloom and stratification process. There is no monitoring to assess the internal nutrient load from sediments and transboundary nutrient inputs yet. There is no regular monitoring of pCO2. Regular measurements of pH are done, but only pH data do not allow reliably assess the acidification of the marine environment. Regular pCO2 measurements also would provide the data for production assessments. The frequency of monitoring in off-shore areas (6 times per year) does not allow the full use of developed chlorophyll-a indicator as the status assessment based on this data is not with sufficient reliability. There are only a few stations, where water sampling and analyses of chlorophyll-a are done from discrete depths strictly following HELCOM guidance. Off-shore area low sampling frequency is partly compensated by ferrybox-monitoring. Dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll-a concentration data collected by remote sensing and new technologies (buoys, glider) (fluorescence is measured and converted to Chl a concentration using corresponding laboratory analyses results) should be integrated to regular in situ monitoring for status assessments. The number of benthic monitoring stations and benthic transects in coastal waters is not sufficient to provide high-level confidence assessments of the ecological status of a body of water in some areas. Currently, there is no zoobenthos transect in the Northern Baltic Proper basin and Limecola balthica depth distribution in this area could not be assessed, therefore. There is a need to develop the remote sensing methods as perspective and effective approach to monitoring the effects of eutrophication (criteria D5C2, D5C3, and also D5C4, D5C6). It is necessary to carry out relevant pilot projects and develop regional cooperation.
Related targets
  • BALEE-T33
  • BALEE-T34
  • BALEE-T35
  • Target 16
Coverage of targets
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Related measures
  • BALEE-M002 - 'Compiling regional aquaculture plans to manage environmental pressures'
  • BALEE-M009 - 'Creating ready-to-use liquefied natural gas (LNG) as ship fuel'
  • BALEE-M010 - 'Management of direct discharges of storm water to minimise the load of nutrients, contaminants and litter'
  • Not specified - 'Measure related to the national implementation of HELCOM agreement on the designation of the Baltic Sea as a NOx Emission Control Area (NECA).'
  • Not specified - 'Measures related to communities without common sewerage system and storm water.'
  • Not specified - 'Measures related to reducing diffuse source pollution.'
  • Not specified - 'Measures related to reducing point source pollution.'
  • Not specified - 'Water management plans - revision of environmental permit conditions, additional monitoring of compliance with the legislative requirements and with the conditions of permit for the special use of water, complying with the set requirements, Training of wastewater treatment plant operators'
Coverage of measures
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Related monitoring programmes
  • BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities
  • BALEE-D010405-10_Phytop
  • BALEE-D01040605-13_SeabedVegetationZone
  • BALEE-D01040605-14_Macrozoobenthos
  • BALEE-D05-20_PhytopChla
  • BALEE-D05-21_AlgalBlooms
  • BALEE-D05-23_NutrientWaterColumn
  • BALEE-D05-24_WaterColumnChem
  • BALEE-D0507-25_WaterColumnPhys
  • BALEE-D0508-22_NutContLandSource
Programme code
BALEE-D00-40_MarineAndCoastalActivities
BALEE-D010405-10_Phytop
BALEE-D01040605-13_SeabedVegetationZone
BALEE-D01040605-14_Macrozoobenthos
BALEE-D05-20_PhytopChla
BALEE-D05-21_AlgalBlooms
BALEE-D05-23_NutrientWaterColumn
BALEE-D05-24_WaterColumnChem
BALEE-D0507-25_WaterColumnPhys
BALEE-D0508-22_NutContLandSource
Programme name
Marine and coastal activities
Phytoplankton species composition, abundance and biomass
Phytobenthic communities
Macrozoobenthos
Chlorophyll-a
Harmful blooms (remote sensing)
Nutrient levels in water column
Water column – chemical characteristics
Water column – physical characteristics
Inputs of nutrients and contaminants – land-based sources
Update type
Modified from 2014
Same programme as in 2014
Same programme as in 2014
Same programme as in 2014
Same programme as in 2014
Same programme as in 2014
Same programme as in 2014
Same programme as in 2014
Same programme as in 2014
Same programme as in 2014
Old programme codes
  • BALEE-D00-39_CoastalOffshoreActivities
Programme description
The aim of the monitoring programme is to collect data on human activities that directly or indirectly impact the marine environment. The monitored human activities are those listed in the MSFD Annex III Table 2b (2017/845/EC) and relevant for point (c) of Article 8(1), and Articles 10 and 13. The following activities are covered: Coastal defence and flood protection; Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables); Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials; Extraction of minerals; Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure; Extraction of water; Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure; Transmission of electricity and communications (cables); Fish harvesting (professional, recreational); Fish and shellfish processing; Marine plant harvesting; Hunting and collecting for other purposes; Aquaculture — marine, including infrastructure; Transport infrastructure; Transport — shipping; Waste treatment and disposal; Tourism and leisure infrastructure; Tourism and leisure activities; Military operations and Research, survey and educational activities. Data are gathered at least once during a six-year assessment period, but in some cases also annually. The system of such data collection activities is still under development. The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Activities extracting living resources (fisheries including recreational, marine plant harvesting, hunting and collecting); Activities extracting non-living resources (sand, gravel, dredging); Activities producing food (aquaculture); Activities with permanent infrastructures (e.g. renewable energy, oil & gas, ports) or structural changes (e.g. coastal defences); Sea-based mobile activities (shipping, boating); Coastal human activities (e.g. tourism, recreational sports, ecotourism). The programme is the further development of the programme presented in 2014. The code of the programme also changed.
The aim of the programme is to monitor phytoplankton communities (species composition, abundance, biomass and seasonal cycle of dominant groups) in the water column. It provides data to monitoring strategy “SD5 – Eutrophication”, as well as “SD1.6 Biodiversity – pelagic habitats”, “SD4/SD1 Food webs / Biodiversity – ecosystems” and “SD2– Non-indigenous species”. The programme is related to GES Descriptor D5, Criterion D5C2, Descriptor D1, Criterion D1C6 and Descriptor D4, Criterion D4C1. Data are gathered to assess spatial variability, temporal trends and environmental status in coastal water bodies and off-shore sub-basins of the Baltic Sea (HELCOM divisions) in response to pressure levels. Monitoring is conducted yearly or at least once in six years with a frequency of 5 to 12 times a year at the designated monitoring stations (at least 3 stations in each coastal water body and 11 in the Estonian off-shore areas). The program is regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM monitoring manual is followed. Data are yearly reported to the national environmental monitoring database KESE (by 1 March) and ICES (HELCOM Combine). The threshold values for the indicator of seasonal succession of dominating phytoplankton groups are still missing for some assessment units of the Baltic Sea (incl. Estonian marine area), mainly due to the lack of data corresponding to the set criteria. The programme is essentially the same as in 2014, only minor changes in some monitoring stations and frequencies were undertaken. The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Pelagic habitats – community characteristics.
The aim of the programme is to monitor phytobenthic communities (species composition, coverage, abundance, biomass, depth distribution) along the depth gradient. It provides data to monitoring strategy “SD5 – Eutrophication”, as well as “SD6/SD1 Sea-floor integrity/Biological diversity – benthic habitats” and “SD2– Non-indigenous species”. The programme is related to GES Descriptor D5, Criterion D5C6 and Criterion D5C7, Descriptor D6, Criterion D6C5. Data are gathered to assess spatial variability, temporal trends and environmental status in coastal water bodies and off-shore sub-basins of the Baltic Sea (HELCOM sub-divisions) in response to pressure levels. Monitoring is conducted in coastal waters yearly or at least once per six years with a frequency once a year at the designated monitoring stations (at least 3 stations in each coastal water body). The program is regionally partly coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM monitoring manual is followed (soft-bottom habitats). Data are yearly reported to the national environmental monitoring database KESE (by 1 March). The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Seabed habitats – community characteristics; Benthic species – abundance and/or biomass.
The aim of the programme is to monitor macrozoobenthos communities (species composition, abundance and biomass) on the seafloor. It provides data to monitoring strategy “SD5 – Eutrophication”, as well as “SD6/SD1 Sea-floor integrity/Biological diversity – benthic habitats”, “SD2– Non-indigenous species” and “SD4/SD1 Food webs / Biodiversity – ecosystems”. The programme is related to GES Descriptor D5, Criterion D5C8, Descriptor D2, Criteria D2C1, D2C2 and D2C3, Descriptor D4, Criterion D4C2 and Descriptor D6, Criterion D6C5. Data are gathered to assess spatial variability, temporal trends and environmental status in coastal water bodies and off-shore sub-basins of the Baltic Sea (HELCOM division) in response to pressure levels. Monitoring is conducted yearly or at least once in six years with a frequency once a year at the designated monitoring stations (at least 3 stations in each coastal water body and 11 in the Estonian off-shore areas). The program is regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM monitoring manual is followed. The data are yearly reported to the national environmental monitoring database KESE (by 1 March) and ICES (HELCOM Combine). The programme is essentially the same as in 2014, only minor changes in some monitoring stations and frequencies were undertaken. The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Seabed habitats – community characteristics; Benthic species – abundance and/or biomass.
The aim of the programme is to monitor chlorophyll-a levels in the water column (including surface layer) to assess phytoplankton biomass and productivity. It provides data to monitoring strategy “SD5 – Eutrophication” and is related to GES Descriptor D5, Criterion D5C2, and strategy SD4/SD1, Criterion D4C2. Data are gathered to assess the environmental status in coastal water bodies and off-shore sub-basins of the Baltic Sea (HELCOM sub-divisions). Monitoring is conducted yearly or at least once in six years with a frequency of 6 to 12 times a year at the designated monitoring stations (at least 3 stations in each coastal water body and 18 in the Estonian off-shore areas). The programme data collection is regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed, data are delivered separately by each country. The data are yearly reported to the national environmental monitoring database KESE (by 1 March) and HELCOM ICES database (by 1 September). Algorithms for chlorophyll-a concentration estimates based on remote sensing data are under development. The programme is essentially the same as in 2014, only minor changes in some monitoring stations and frequencies were undertaken. The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Plankton blooms (biomass, frequency).
The aim of the programme is to monitor the surface accumulation of phytoplankton using remote sensing data. It provides data to monitoring strategy “SD5 – Eutrophication” and is related to GES Descriptor D5, Criterion D5C3. The status of mostly off-shore sub-basins of the Baltic Sea (HELCOM sub-divisions) is assessed. Monitoring is conducted continuously. The program is regionally coordinated via HELCOM, and commonly developed and agreed algorithms are used. Algorithms and assessment methods (thresholds) are under development. The programme is essentially the same as in 2014, only minor changes: the satellites in use have been changed. The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Plankton blooms (biomass, frequency).
The aim of the programme is to monitor nutrient levels (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, NO3+NO2-N, NH4-N, PO4-P, SiO4-Si) in the water column. It provides data to monitoring strategy “SD5 – Eutrophication”, as well as “SD1.6 Biodiversity – pelagic habitats”. The programme is related to GES Descriptor D5, Criterion D5C1 and anthropogenic pressure “Input of nutrients” (MSFD Annex III). Data are gathered to assess the pressure levels in the marine environment and environmental status in coastal water bodies and off-shore sub-basins of the Baltic Sea (HELCOM sub-divisions). Monitoring is conducted yearly or at least once in six years with a frequency of 6 to 12 times a year at the designated monitoring stations (at least 3 stations in each coastal water body and 18 in the Estonian off-shore areas). The programme data collection is regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed. The data are yearly reported to the national environmental monitoring database KESE (by 1 March) and HELCOM ICES database (by 1 May). The threshold values for the indicators of concentrations of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus in coastal waters have still to be developed. The programme is not designed to assess the internal and transboundary loads of nutrients. The programme is essentially the same as in 2014, only minor changes in some monitoring stations and frequencies were undertaken. The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Water column – chemical characteristics.
The aim of the programme is to monitor chemical characteristics in the water column (including near-bottom layer) to assess the indirect effects of eutrophication and describe conditions of the pelagic and benthic habitats. It provides data to monitoring strategy “SD5 – Eutrophication” and is related to GES Descriptor D5, Criterion D5C5. Data are gathered to assess the environmental status in coastal water bodies and off-shore sub-basins of the Baltic Sea (HELCOM sub-divisions). Monitoring is conducted yearly or at least once in six years with a frequency of 6 to 12 times a year at the designated monitoring stations (at least three stations in each coastal water body and 18 in the Estonian off-shore areas). The program data collection is regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed, but data are delivered separately by each country. Data are yearly reported to the environmental monitoring database KESE (by 1 March) and HELCOM ICES database (by 1 May). Monitoring of pCO2 is not continuous yet. The programme is essentially the same as in 2014, only minor changes in some monitoring stations and frequencies were undertaken. The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Water column – chemical characteristics.
The aim of the programme is to monitor physical characteristics (water temperature, salinity, transparency) in the water column to assess the indirect effects of eutrophication and describe the physical conditions of the pelagic habitats. It provides data to monitoring strategy “SD5 – Eutrophication” and is related to GES Descriptor D5, Criterion D5C4. Data are gathered to assess the environmental status in the coastal water bodies and off-shore sub-basins of the Baltic Sea (HELCOM sub-divisions). Monitoring is conducted yearly or at least once in six years with a frequency of 6 to 12 times a year at the designated monitoring stations (at least three stations in each coastal water body and 18 in the Estonian off-shore areas). The program data collection is regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM guidelines are followed, but data are delivered separately by each country (except CMEMS/BOOS monitoring with joint data collection). The data are yearly reported to the environmental monitoring database KESE (by 1 March), HELCOM ICES database (by 1 May) and online data delivery into CMEMS/BOOS databases. The programme is essentially the same as in 2014, only minor changes in some monitoring stations and frequencies were undertaken. The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Water column – physical characteristics.
The aim of the programme is to monitor and estimate the load of nutrients and contaminants from the land-based sources via rivers and direct discharges. It provides data to monitoring strategies “SD5 – Eutrophication” and “SD8 - Contaminants”. The programme is related to anthropogenic pressure “Input of nutrients” and “Inputs of other substances” (MSFD Annex III). Monitoring is conducted yearly. The program is regionally coordinated via HELCOM and the HELCOM PLC guidelines are followed. The programme corresponds to the following monitoring programmes in the indicative list: Nutrient inputs - land-based sources; Contaminant inputs - land-based sources.
Monitoring purpose
  • Effectiveness of measures
  • Human activities causing the pressures
  • Pressures at source
  • Pressures in the marine environment
  • Environmental state and impacts
  • Environmental state and impacts
  • Pressures in the marine environment
  • Environmental state and impacts
  • Pressures in the marine environment
  • Environmental state and impacts
  • Environmental state and impacts
  • Pressures in the marine environment
  • Effectiveness of measures
  • Pressures in the marine environment
  • Environmental state and impacts
  • Pressures in the marine environment
  • Environmental state and impacts
  • Pressures in the marine environment
  • Effectiveness of measures
  • Pressures at source
Other policies and conventions
  • Bathing Water Directive
  • Birds Directive
  • Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution
  • Data Collection Framework Multi-Annual Plan (Common Fisheries Policy)
  • Habitats Directive
  • IMO-BWM
  • Maritime Spatial Planning Directive
  • Minamata Convention on Mercury
  • Monitoring programme targeting at national legislation
  • National Emission Ceilings Directive
  • Nitrates Directive
  • Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutions (POPs)
  • Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive
  • Water Framework Directive
  • HELCOM Monitoring programmes
  • Monitoring programme targeting at national legislation
  • Water Framework Directive
  • Habitats Directive
  • Monitoring programme targeting at national legislation
  • Water Framework Directive
  • Habitats Directive
  • Monitoring programme targeting at national legislation
  • Water Framework Directive
  • HELCOM Monitoring programmes
  • Monitoring programme targeting at national legislation
  • Water Framework Directive
  • Bathing Water Directive
  • Monitoring programme targeting at national legislation
  • Water Framework Directive
  • Monitoring programme targeting at national legislation
  • Nitrates Directive
  • Water Framework Directive
  • Monitoring programme targeting at national legislation
  • Water Framework Directive
  • Habitats Directive
  • Maritime Spatial Planning Directive
  • Minamata Convention on Mercury
  • Monitoring programme targeting at national legislation
  • Nitrates Directive
  • Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive
  • Water Framework Directive
Regional cooperation - coordinating body
  • HELCOM
  • HELCOM
  • HELCOM
  • HELCOM
  • HELCOM
  • HELCOM
  • HELCOM
  • HELCOM
  • HELCOM
Regional cooperation - countries involved
Regional cooperation - implementation level
Coordinated data collection
Coordinated data collection
Coordinated data collection
Coordinated data collection
Coordinated data collection
Coordinated data collection
Coordinated data collection
Coordinated data collection
Coordinated data collection
Monitoring details
Phytoplankton samples are collected with a bathometer at water depths of 1, 5 and 10 m together with samples of seawater chlorophyll a. An integrated sample is made pooling equal amounts of water collected from fixed depths. When the integrated sample is thoroughly mixed, a portion is poured into a clear glass bottle and fixed with preservation chemical for further transport, storage and analysis of the phytoplankton sample. As part of the Ferrybox monitoring, samples are collected with an automatic sampler from depths of 4-5 m from a predefined location on the route of the liner. Phytoplankton is analysed according to the relevant international standard methods (EN 16695: 2015, HELCOM Monitoring Manual). In 3 coastal water bodies sampling is carried out annually 10-12 times per year (from April to October), Haapsalu coastal waterbody - 10-12 times every third year. Other coastal water bodies are monitored in rotation 6 times per year (from June to September) at least once during a 6-year period. In the off-shore areas the research vessel-based monitoring is conducted 5 times per year (from April to October) and 12 times every year in frames of Ferrybox monitoring.
The presence of species, total coverage and maximum distribution depth are registered during visual observations or using underwater video remote observation method. In the monitoring site, the total coverage of phytobenthos, species presence and their coverage, as well as sediment type are observed. Quantitative samples are collected by a diver with the 20x20 metal frame (in triplicate) and deep-freezed for laboratory analysis. In the laboratory, the species composition and dry weight of each species per 1m2 are determined. In frames of coastal waters monitoring, the total nitrogen, total phosphorus (6x per year) and PAR and water temperature are also registered (continuous measurements during 3-month period) in each monitoring area as supplementary information.
Macrozoobenthos samples are collected once a year in off-shore areas and designated coastal waters and in rotation at least once in a 6-year period from other coastal waters. Van Veen or Ekman type grab samplers are used for sampling. The sediment type, concentration of dissolved oxygen in the near-bottom layer, concentration of H2S, water temperature and salinity are registered as supplementary information at the sampling site. Every sample is collected in triplicate and frozen for laboratory analyse. In the laboratory, the species composition, abundance of species and dry weight of every species (per 1 m2) is determined. For observation of maximum depth distribution of Limecola balthica, three designated transects are monitored in the open-sea area; samples (one sample per each depth point) are taken in accordance with the transect depth gradient.
Chlorophyll-a concentration determination samples are collected from certain monitoring stations with a bathometer at depths of 1, 5 and 10 m (if maxima concentration is fixed in the water column, then from this depth also). An integrated sample is made pooling equal amounts of water collected from fixed depths. As part of the Ferrybox monitoring, samples for later laboratory Chl-a analysis are collected with an automatic sampler from depths of 4-5 m from a predefined location on the route of the liner and chlorophyll-a fluorescence is analysed. In addition, chlorophyll-a fluorescence measurements are done at buoy-stations and by sonar equipment with fluorometers. Surface layer pigment concentration monitoring is done with a remote method (satellite). Monitoring is conducted yearly or at least once in six years with a frequency of 6 to 12 times a year at the designated monitoring stations (at least 3 stations in each coastal water body and 18 in the Estonian off-shore areas).
The monitoring and related indicator(s) are under development. Local applicable algorithms for Sentinel satellites data need to be developed.
Samples are collected from designated monitoring stations with a bathometer at depths of 1, 5 and 10 m and near-bottom layer. As part of the Ferrybox monitoring, samples are collected with an automatic sampler from depths of 4-5 m from a predefined location on the route of the liner with installed equipment. Sampling is carried out annually up to 12 times per year (from June to September) at certain monitoring stations, and in rotation 6 times per year at least once in 6-year period at other monitoring stations. In the off-shore areas the monitoring is conducted 6 times per year and during winter cruise. In addition, samples are collected in frames of Ferrybox monitoring, 12 times every year in the period from April to October.
Dissolved oxygen concentration is measured at designated monitoring stations either in situ with CTD sonde oxygen sensors or in a laboratory from samples collected with a bathometer (surface layer and near-bottom layer). International guidelines are followed measuring H2S, pH and dissolved oxygen concentrations. H2S is measured at deepest monitoring stations in particular. Sampling is carried out annually up to 12 times per year (from June to September) at certain monitoring stations, and in rotation 6 times per year at least once in 6-year period at other monitoring stations. In the off-shore areas monitoring is conducted 6 times per year.
The temperature is measured within water column from surface to bottom with CTD sondes. Transparency is assessed with 30 cm diameter white Secchi disk. As part of the Ferrybox monitoring, the temperature and salinity are registered at depths of 4-5 m from a predefined location on the route of the liner with automatic equipment. CTD water column measurements of temperature and salinity are also being performed at autonomous monitoring buoys. Sampling is carried out annually up to 12 times per year (from June to September) at certain monitoring stations, and in rotation 6 times per year at least once in 6-year period at other monitoring stations. In the off-shore areas monitoring is conducted 6 times per year. Ferrybox, remote (satellite) measurements and measurements at autonomous buoys are being conducted continuously.
Based on the data from hydrometric stations, the discharges of the monitored rivers are determined. The flows of rivers and areas that not covered by the monitoring are estimated using the corresponding transfer coefficients and model (ESTMODEL). In frames of hydrochemical monitoring of watercourses, the contents of nutrients and hazardous substances in water are determined at designated monitoring stations. The pollution loads are assessed by the Estonian Environment Agency according to the methodology agreed within the HELCOM cooperation (PLC-Water Guidelines; https://helcom.fi/action-areas/monitoring-and-assessment/monitoring-guidelines/plc-water-guidelines/). The hydrochemical sampling is performed yearly, 4-12 times a year; river flows are measured continuously. The data are used for assessment of achievement of environmental targets (targets 16 and 23) on the basis of associated indicators.
Features
Aquaculture – marine, including infrastructure
Fish and shellfish harvesting (professional, recreational)
Hunting and collecting for other purposes
Marine plant harvesting
Extraction of minerals (rock, metal ores, gravel, sand, shell)
Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure
Extraction of water
Military operations (subject to Article 2(2))
Transmission of electricity and communications (cables)
Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure
Research, survey and educational activities
Coastal defence and flood protection
Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables)
Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials
Tourism and leisure activities
Tourism and leisure infrastructure
Transport infrastructure
Transport – shipping
Waste treatment and disposal
Input of other substances (e.g. synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition, acute events
Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter)
Input of nutrients – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition
Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous)
Other pelagic habitats
Coastal ecosystems
Litter in the environment
Input or spread of non-indigenous species
Eutrophication
Benthic broad habitats
Input or spread of non-indigenous species
Coastal ecosystems
Eutrophication
Benthic broad habitats
Coastal ecosystems
Eutrophication
Pelagic broad habitats
Eutrophication
Eutrophication
Chemical characteristics
Eutrophication
Chemical characteristics
Eutrophication
Physical and hydrological characteristics
Hydrographical changes
Input of nutrients – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition
Input of other substances (e.g. synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition, acute events
Aquaculture – marine, including infrastructure
Fish and shellfish harvesting (professional, recreational)
Hunting and collecting for other purposes
Marine plant harvesting
Extraction of minerals (rock, metal ores, gravel, sand, shell)
Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure
Extraction of water
Military operations (subject to Article 2(2))
Transmission of electricity and communications (cables)
Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure
Research, survey and educational activities
Coastal defence and flood protection
Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables)
Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials
Tourism and leisure activities
Tourism and leisure infrastructure
Transport infrastructure
Transport – shipping
Waste treatment and disposal
Input of other substances (e.g. synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition, acute events
Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter)
Input of nutrients – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition
Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous)
Other pelagic habitats
Coastal ecosystems
Litter in the environment
Input or spread of non-indigenous species
Eutrophication
Benthic broad habitats
Input or spread of non-indigenous species
Coastal ecosystems
Eutrophication
Benthic broad habitats
Coastal ecosystems
Eutrophication
Pelagic broad habitats
Eutrophication
Eutrophication
Chemical characteristics
Eutrophication
Chemical characteristics
Eutrophication
Physical and hydrological characteristics
Hydrographical changes
Input of nutrients – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition
Input of other substances (e.g. synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition, acute events
Aquaculture – marine, including infrastructure
Fish and shellfish harvesting (professional, recreational)
Hunting and collecting for other purposes
Marine plant harvesting
Extraction of minerals (rock, metal ores, gravel, sand, shell)
Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure
Extraction of water
Military operations (subject to Article 2(2))
Transmission of electricity and communications (cables)
Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure
Research, survey and educational activities
Coastal defence and flood protection
Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables)
Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials
Tourism and leisure activities
Tourism and leisure infrastructure
Transport infrastructure
Transport – shipping
Waste treatment and disposal
Input of other substances (e.g. synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition, acute events
Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter)
Input of nutrients – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition
Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous)
Other pelagic habitats
Coastal ecosystems
Litter in the environment
Input or spread of non-indigenous species
Eutrophication
Benthic broad habitats
Input or spread of non-indigenous species
Coastal ecosystems
Eutrophication
Benthic broad habitats
Coastal ecosystems
Eutrophication
Pelagic broad habitats
Eutrophication
Eutrophication
Chemical characteristics
Eutrophication
Chemical characteristics
Eutrophication
Physical and hydrological characteristics
Hydrographical changes
Input of nutrients – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition
Input of other substances (e.g. synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition, acute events
Aquaculture – marine, including infrastructure
Fish and shellfish harvesting (professional, recreational)
Hunting and collecting for other purposes
Marine plant harvesting
Extraction of minerals (rock, metal ores, gravel, sand, shell)
Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure
Extraction of water
Military operations (subject to Article 2(2))
Transmission of electricity and communications (cables)
Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure
Research, survey and educational activities
Coastal defence and flood protection
Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables)
Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials
Tourism and leisure activities
Tourism and leisure infrastructure
Transport infrastructure
Transport – shipping
Waste treatment and disposal
Input of other substances (e.g. synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition, acute events
Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter)
Input of nutrients – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition
Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous)
Other pelagic habitats
Coastal ecosystems
Litter in the environment
Input or spread of non-indigenous species
Eutrophication
Benthic broad habitats
Input or spread of non-indigenous species
Coastal ecosystems
Eutrophication
Benthic broad habitats
Coastal ecosystems
Eutrophication
Pelagic broad habitats
Eutrophication
Eutrophication
Chemical characteristics
Eutrophication
Chemical characteristics
Eutrophication
Physical and hydrological characteristics
Hydrographical changes
Input of nutrients – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition
Input of other substances (e.g. synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition, acute events
Elements
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
  • Phytoplankton communities
  • Primary producers
  • Macrolitter (all)
  • Not Applicable
  • Benthic habitats - opportunistic macroalgae
  • Benthic habitats - macrophyte communities
  • Benthic habitats
  • Circalittoral coarse sediment
  • Circalittoral mixed sediment
  • Circalittoral mud
  • Circalittoral rock and biogenic reef
  • Circalittoral sand
  • Infralittoral coarse sediment
  • Infralittoral mixed sediment
  • Infralittoral mud
  • Infralittoral rock and biogenic reef
  • Infralittoral sand
  • Not Applicable
  • Deposit-feeders
  • Sub-apex demersal predators
  • Deposit-feeders
  • Sub-apex demersal predators
  • Benthic habitats - macrobenthic communities
  • Benthic habitats
  • Circalittoral coarse sediment
  • Circalittoral mixed sediment
  • Circalittoral mud
  • Circalittoral rock and biogenic reef
  • Circalittoral sand
  • Infralittoral coarse sediment
  • Infralittoral mixed sediment
  • Infralittoral mud
  • Infralittoral rock and biogenic reef
  • Infralittoral sand
  • Primary producers
  • Chlorophyll-a
  • Coastal pelagic habitat
  • Cyanobacteria
  • Maximum concentration of blooming species
  • DIP
  • NH4+
  • NO2-N
  • NO3-N
  • Silicate (SiO4)
  • TN
  • TP
  • DIP
  • NH4+
  • NO2-N
  • NO3-N
  • Silicate (SiO4)
  • TN
  • TP
  • Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
  • Dissolved oxygen (O2)
  • Dissolved oxygen (O2)
  • H2S
  • pH
  • Transparency
  • Salinity
  • Temperature
  • Transparency
  • Salinity
  • Temperature
  • Transparency
  • Not Applicable
  • Not Applicable
GES criteria
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
D1C6
D4C1
D4C2
D10C1
D2C1
D2C2
D5C6
D5C7
D6C5
D2C1
D2C2
D2C3
D4C1
D4C2
D5C8
D6C4
D6C5
D4C2
D5C2
D1C6
D5C3
D5C1
NotRelevan
D5C1
D5C5
NotRelevan
D5C4
NotRelevan
NotRelevan
D5C1
D8C1
Parameters
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • AMO-WC
  • Amount on coastline
  • Amount on seabed
  • Other
  • Other
  • Level of sound
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Abundance (number of individuals)
  • Biomass
  • Amount on seabed
  • Other
  • Presence
  • Abundance (number of individuals)
  • Biomass
  • Other
  • Other
  • Other
  • Presence
  • Abundance (number of individuals)
  • Biomass
  • Other
  • Other
  • Abundance (number of individuals)
  • Biomass
  • Other
  • Abundance (number of individuals)
  • Biomass
  • Abundance (number of individuals)
  • Extent
  • Other
  • Extent
  • Other
  • Other
  • Concentration in water
  • Extent
  • Other
  • Duration
  • Extent
  • Frequency
  • Concentration in water
  • Concentration in water
  • Concentration in water
  • Concentration in water
  • Transparency of water
  • Salinity
  • Temperature
  • Transparency of water
  • Salinity
  • Temperature
  • Transparency of water
  • Concentration in water
  • Other
  • Concentration in water
  • Other
Parameter Other
Production (tonnes); Area; Nutrient load
Catch; By-catch
Number of individuals hunted by species (waterbird
Amount (kg); Area
Mining volume; Mining area; Area pressure index
Pipe length (area); Area pressure index
Volume
Number of explosions; Number of trainings; Trainin
Cable length (area); Area pressure index
Area; Area pressure index
Volume of costs on marine researches; Number of re
Length of defence structure; Coastline pressure in
Area of structure; Area pressure index
Soil volume; Extent; Area pressure index
Number of vacationists; Number of visits; People's
Number of marinas per coastline; Length of beach
Area; Volume (goods and passengers); Number of loa
Number of ships (incl. number of ships complying w
Areas of dumping sites and volume of dumped materi
Pollution load (tonnes/year) - Hg, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn,
Amount in sediments; Litter type and material
Pollution load (tonnes/year) - N, P, BHT5
Number of disturbance days - Impulsive underwater
Species composition; Abundance (number of individu
Species composition
Abundance (number of individuals); Biomass
Species composition; Presence; Relative abundance
Species composition; Presence; Relative abundance
Abundance (number of individuals); Biomass
Abundance (number of individuals); Biomass
Species composition
Extent
Species composition; Biomass
Species composition; Abundance; Biomass
Concentration in water
Number of bloom events and duration
Water level; Temperature; Freshwater input rates f
Load of contaminant
Spatial scope
  • Coastal waters (WFD)
  • EEZ (or similar)
  • Territorial waters
  • Coastal waters (WFD)
  • EEZ (or similar)
  • Territorial waters
  • Coastal waters (WFD)
  • Coastal waters (WFD)
  • EEZ (or similar)
  • Territorial waters
  • Coastal waters (WFD)
  • EEZ (or similar)
  • Territorial waters
  • Coastal waters (WFD)
  • EEZ (or similar)
  • Territorial waters
  • Coastal waters (WFD)
  • EEZ (or similar)
  • Territorial waters
  • Coastal waters (WFD)
  • EEZ (or similar)
  • Territorial waters
  • Coastal waters (WFD)
  • EEZ (or similar)
  • Territorial waters
  • Coastal waters (WFD)
Marine reporting units
  • BAL-EE-AA
  • BAL-EE-EGB
  • BAL-EE-GF
  • BAL-EE-GR
  • BAL-EE-NBP
  • BAL-EE-AA
  • BAL-EE-EGB
  • BAL-EE-GF
  • BAL-EE-GR
  • BAL-EE-NBP
  • BAL-EGB-EE-EEEE_11
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_01
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_02
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_03
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_05
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_06
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_07
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_08
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_09
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_13
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_14
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_16
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_17
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_18
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_19
  • BAL-NBP-EE-EEEE_10
  • BAL-EE-AA
  • BAL-EGB-EE-EEEE_11
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_01
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_02
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_03
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_05
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_06
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_07
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_08
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_09
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_13
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_14
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_16
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_17
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_18
  • BAL-NBP-EE-EEEE_10
  • BAL-EE-AA
  • BAL-EE-EGB
  • BAL-EE-GF
  • BAL-EE-GR
  • BAL-EE-NBP
  • BAL-EGB-EE-EEEE_11
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_01
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_02
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_03
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_05
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_06
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_07
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_08
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_09
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_13
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_14
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_16
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_17
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_18
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_19
  • BAL-NBP-EE-EEEE_10
  • BAL-EE-AA
  • BAL-EE-EGB-OFFSHORE
  • BAL-EE-GF-OFFSHORE
  • BAL-EE-GR-OFFSHORE
  • BAL-EE-NBP-OFFSHORE
  • BAL-EGB-EE-EEEE_11
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_01
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_02
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_03
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_05
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_06
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_07
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_08
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_09
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_13
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_14
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_16
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_17
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_18
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_19
  • BAL-NBP-EE-EEEE_10
  • BAL-EE-AA
  • BAL-EE-EGB
  • BAL-EE-GF
  • BAL-EE-GR
  • BAL-EE-NBP
  • BAL-EGB-EE-EEEE_11
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_01
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_02
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_03
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_05
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_06
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_07
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_08
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_09
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_13
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_14
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_16
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_17
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_18
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_19
  • BAL-NBP-EE-EEEE_10
  • BAL-EE-AA
  • BAL-EE-EGB-OFFSHORE
  • BAL-EE-GF-OFFSHORE
  • BAL-EE-GR-OFFSHORE
  • BAL-EE-NBP-OFFSHORE
  • BAL-EGB-EE-EEEE_11
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_01
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_02
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_03
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_05
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_06
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_07
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_08
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_09
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_13
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_14
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_16
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_17
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_18
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_19
  • BAL-NBP-EE-EEEE_10
  • BAL-EE-AA
  • BAL-EE-EGB-OFFSHORE
  • BAL-EE-GF-OFFSHORE
  • BAL-EE-GR-OFFSHORE
  • BAL-EE-NBP-OFFSHORE
  • BAL-EGB-EE-EEEE_11
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_01
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_02
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_03
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_05
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_06
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_07
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_08
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_09
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_13
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_14
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_16
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_17
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_18
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_19
  • BAL-NBP-EE-EEEE_10
  • BAL-EE-AA
  • BAL-EE-EGB-OFFSHORE
  • BAL-EE-GF-OFFSHORE
  • BAL-EE-GR-OFFSHORE
  • BAL-EE-NBP-OFFSHORE
  • BAL-EGB-EE-EEEE_11
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_01
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_02
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_03
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_05
  • BAL-GF-EE-EEEE_06
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_07
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_08
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_09
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_13
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_14
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_16
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_17
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_18
  • BAL-GR-EE-EEEE_19
  • BAL-NBP-EE-EEEE_10
  • BAL-EE-AA
  • BAL-EE-EGB
  • BAL-EE-GF
  • BAL-EE-GR
  • BAL-EE-NBP
Temporal scope (start date - end date)
2015-9999
1993-9999
1995-9999
1991-9999
1993-9999
2006-9999
1993-9999
1993-9999
1993-9999
1924-9999
Monitoring frequency
Other
Yearly
Yearly
Yearly
Yearly
Other
Yearly
Yearly
Yearly
Other
Monitoring type
  • Administrative data collection
  • In-situ sampling coastal
  • In-situ sampling offshore
  • In-situ sampling coastal
  • Remote surveillance
  • Visual observation
  • In-situ sampling coastal
  • In-situ sampling offshore
  • In-situ sampling coastal
  • In-situ sampling offshore
  • Remote satellite imagery
  • In-situ sampling coastal
  • In-situ sampling offshore
  • In-situ sampling coastal
  • In-situ sampling offshore
  • In-situ sampling coastal
  • In-situ sampling offshore
  • Remote satellite imagery
  • Remote surveillance
  • In-situ sampling land/beach
  • Numerical modelling
Monitoring method
  • OSPAR CEMP Guidelines for Monitoring and Assessment of loud, low and mid-frequency impulsive sound sources in the OSPAR Maritime Region
  • Other monitoring method
  • HELCOM Guidelines for monitoring phytoplankton species composition, abundance and biomass
  • HELCOM Manual for monitoring in COMBINE programme
  • OSPAR JAMP Eutrophication Monitoring Guidelines: Benthos (Agreement 2012-12) (Replaces Agreement 1997-06)
  • Other monitoring method
  • HELCOM Guidelines for measuring chlorophyll a
  • Other monitoring method
  • HELCOM Guidelines for sampling and determination of ammonium
  • HELCOM Guidelines for sampling and determination of nitrate
  • HELCOM Guidelines for sampling and determination of nitrite
  • HELCOM Guidelines for sampling and determination of phosphate
  • HELCOM Guidelines for sampling and determination of silicate
  • HELCOM Guidelines for sampling and determination of total nitrogen
  • HELCOM Guidelines for sampling and determination of total phosphorus
  • HELCOM Guidelines for sampling and determination of dissolved oxygen
  • HELCOM Guidelines for sampling and determination of hydrogen sulphide
  • HELCOM Guidelines for sampling and determination of pH
  • HELCOM Guidelines for determination of salinity and temperature using CTD
  • HELCOM Guidelines for measuring Secchi depth
  • HELCOM Guidelines for the annual and periodical compilation and reporting of waterborne pollution inputs to the Baltic Sea (PLC-Water)
  • Other monitoring method
Monitoring method other
There is no separate monitoring for the programme, the administrative data collection is performed and based on information from databases, maps, plans, environmental permits and their reporting and controls, etc. Estonian maritime spatial plan. The frequency of monitoring depends on activity: from annually to once per the 6-year period.
National monitoring programme
National, under development
WMO no 168, national regulations
Quality control
Data quality control systems of relevant data sources.
The quality is ensured by following the standard methods and HELCOM guidance as well as accreditation of experts and persons by whom the monitoring is performed.
The quality is ensured by following the HELCOM guidances recommendations, accreditation of experts and persons by whom the monitoring is performed and filling of general requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories according to ISO/IEC 17025.
The quality is ensured by following the OSPAR/HELCOM guidance (OSPAR JAMP Eutrophication Monitoring Guidelines: Benthos (Agreement 2012-12) (Replaces Agreement 1997-06) recommendations, accreditation of experts and persons by whom the monitoring is performed and filling of general requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories according to ISO/IEC 17025.
The quality is assured by following the HELCOM guidance as well as accreditation of experts and persons by whom the monitoring is performed and by filling of general requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories according to ISO/IEC 17025.
The quality is assured by using regionally developed algorithms and by international collaboration.
The quality is assured by following the standard methods and HELCOM guidelines, by an accreditation of experts and persons by whom the monitoring is performed and filling of general requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories according to ISO/IEC 17025.
The quality is assured by following the standards (ISO 5814, EVS-EN ISO 10523) and HELCOM guidelines and CMEMS protocols, by an accreditation of experts and persons by whom the monitoring is performed.
The quality is assured by following international standards, including CMEMS protocols and HELCOM guidelines, and by an accreditation of experts and persons by whom the monitoring is performed.
The quality is assured by following the HELCOM PLC guidelines, standards EVS-EN ISO 11905-1, EVS-EN ISO 11732, EVS-EN ISO 13395, ISO 15681-2, EN ISO/IEC-17025 and accreditation of experts and persons by whom the monitoring is performed.
Data management
The data are compiled from different databases of different institutions. The compilation and collection of data are coordinated by the Marine Environment Department of the Ministry of the Environment.
Data are yearly reported to the national environmental monitoring database KESE (by 1 March) and ICES (HELCOM Combine).
Gathered data are reported to the national environmental monitoring database KESE.
Data are yearly reported to the national environmental monitoring database KESE (by 1 March) and ICES (HELCOM Combine).
The data are yearly reported to the national environmental monitoring database KESE (by 1 March) and ICES (HELCOM Combine).
Raw data (excl satellite images) are stored at the national environmental monitoring database KESE.
The data are yearly reported to the national environmental monitoring database KESE (by 1 March) and ICES (HELCOM Combine).
The data are yearly reported to the national environmental monitoring database KESE (by 1 March) and ICES (HELCOM Combine).
The data are yearly reported to the national environmental monitoring database KESE (by 1 March). The data on autonomous buoys measurements are stored at CMEMS/EMODnet Physics.
The hydrochemical data are yearly reported to the national environmental monitoring database KESE. The hydrological data are uploaded quarterly to the database WISKI. Water-borne pollution loads are reported to HELCOM PLC database annually.
Data access
http://register.keskkonnainfo.ee/envreg/main#HTTPMEaW1ThSjHUyzXzMt7jr3MuRYp5PuE,https://andmed.stat.ee/et/stat,https://geoportaal.maaamet.ee/,https://kese.envir.ee,https://kotkas.envir.ee/,https://veeteedeamet.ee/et/laevandus-eesti-lipp-sadamad/eesti-laevaregistrid,https://vet.agri.ee/et/kalandus-toiduturg/puugistatistika-lossimiskohad-ja-kala-esmakokkuostukohad/puugiandmed,https://www.agri.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/kalamajandus-ja-kutseline-kalapuuk/puugiandmed,https://www.eas.ee/teenused/,https://www.ehr.ee/,https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/kalandus/harrastuspuuk/statistika-ja-uuringud,https://www.envir.ee/et/kalanduse-uuringud-ja-aruanded,https://www.etis.ee/,https://www.keskkonnaagentuur.ee/et/kuttimine,https://www.keskkonnaamet.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/jahindus/operatiivsed-kuttimisandmed,https://www.marinetraffic.com/en/ais/,https://www.sadamaregister.ee/,https://www.terviseamet.ee/et/keskkonnatervis/ettevotjale-ja-kohalikule-omavalitsusele/supluskohad-ja-ujulad/suplusvee-profiilid,https://xgis.maaamet.ee/xgis2/page/app/maainfo,https://xgis.maaamet.ee/xgis2/page/app/merekaart
Related indicator/name
Contact
Estonian Environment Agency: Anastasiia Kovtun-Kante, anastasiia.kovtun-kante@envir.ee; Arthur Kivi, arthur.kivi@envir.ee
Estonian Environment Agency: Anastasiia Kovtun-Kante, anastasiia.kovtun-kante@envir.ee; Arthur Kivi, arthur.kivi@envir.ee
Estonian Environment Agency: Anastasiia Kovtun-Kante, anastasiia.kovtun-kante@envir.ee; Arthur Kivi, arthur.kivi@envir.ee
Estonian Environment Agency: Anastasiia Kovtun-Kante, anastasiia.kovtun-kante@envir.ee; Arthur Kivi, arthur.kivi@envir.ee
Estonian Environment Agency: Anastasiia Kovtun-Kante, anastasiia.kovtun-kante@envir.ee; Arthur Kivi, arthur.kivi@envir.ee
Estonian Environment Agency: Anastasiia Kovtun-Kante, anastasiia.kovtun-kante@envir.ee; Arthur Kivi, arthur.kivi@envir.ee
Estonian Environment Agency: Anastasiia Kovtun-Kante, anastasiia.kovtun-kante@envir.ee; Arthur Kivi, arthur.kivi@envir.ee
Estonian Environment Agency: Anastasiia Kovtun-Kante, anastasiia.kovtun-kante@envir.ee; Arthur Kivi, arthur.kivi@envir.ee
Estonian Environment Agency: Anastasiia Kovtun-Kante, anastasiia.kovtun-kante@envir.ee; Arthur Kivi, arthur.kivi@envir.ee
References
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian).
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian).
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian).
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian).
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian).
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian).
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian).
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian).
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian).
The monitoring programme is approved by the minister of the environment and available at https://www.envir.ee/et/eesmargid-tegevused/merekeskkonna-kaitse/merestrateegia (https://www.envir.ee/sites/default/files/mereala_seireprogramm_2021_2026.pdf) (in Estonian).