D10C1 Litter (excluding micro-litter) (10.1, 10.1.1, 10.1.2)

D10C1 Litter (excluding micro-litter) (10.1, 10.1.1, 10.1.2)

D10C2 Micro-litter (10.1, 10.1.3)

D10C1 Litter (excluding micro-litter) (10.1, 10.1.1, 10.1.2)

D10C2 Micro-litter (10.1, 10.1.3)

D10C3 Litter ingested (10.1, 10.2.1)

D10C3 Litter ingested (10.1, 10.2.1)

D10C3 Litter ingested (10.1, 10.2.1)

LevelPressureShore

LevelPressureWater

LevelPressureWater

LevelPressureSeabed

LevelPressureSeabed

ImpactPressureWaterColumn

ImpactPressureSeabedHabitats

ImpactPressureFunctionalGroup

LitterShores10_1

LitterWaterColumnSurface10_1

LitterWaterColumnSurface10_1

LitterSeabed10_1

LitterSeabed10_1

LitterWaterColumnHabitats10_2

LitterSeabedHabitats10_2

LitterFunctionalGroups10_2

MarineCoast, MarineOceanic, MarineShelf, RedSalinity, VarSalinity

LitRock, LitSed, ShallCoarseSed, ShallMud, ShallMxdSed, ShallRock, ShallSand, ShelfCoarseSed, ShelfMud, ShelfMxdSed, ShelfRock, ShelfSand

BirdsInshoreBenthic, BirdsInshoreHerbiv, BirdsInshorePelagic, BirdsInshoreSurface, BirdsIntertidalBenthic, BirdsOffshorePelagic, BirdsOffshoreSurface, CephalopodsCoastShelf, CephalopodsCoastShelf, CephalopodsDeep_sea, FishCoastal, FishDemersal, FishDemersalElasmobranchs, FishDiadromous, FishPelagic, FishPelagicElasmobranchs, MammalsBaleenWhales, MammalsSeals, MammalsToothedWhales, ReptilesTurtles

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

NotGood

NotAssessed

NotAssessed

NotGood

NotGood

NotAssessed

NotAssessed

NotAssessed

Stable

Unknown_NotAssessed

Unknown_NotAssessed

Stable

Stable

Unknown_NotAssessed

Unknown_NotAssessed

Unknown_NotAssessed

Low

NotRelevant

NotRelevant

Low

Low

NotRelevant

NotRelevant

NotRelevant

According to available data, marine litter collected from the coastline of the Central Aegean is increased and as a result it is an important pressure in the assessment area. It is obvious that the ammounts accumulated in Saronikos Gulf- the adjacent Gulf of Pireaus and the city centre of Athens - are particularly big, making it a hot spot with particular needs. The island of Kalymnos seems to be another burdened area, probably because of the wind regime of the area which carries marine litter and washes it ashore. The study of litter composition of certain beaches in the assessment area shows that litter is mainly composed of plastic (51%) followed by paper (17%), metal (15%), glass (5%), rope (6%) and building material (3%).

The only data available concerns Saronikos Gulf. Floating litter was collected using a skimmer vessel and/ or by hand from boats from the sea surface of the port of Piraeus during 2006-2007. The data is provided by Environmental Protection Engineering S.A., responsible for the project.

The only data available concerns Saronikos Gulf. Floating litter was collected using a skimmer vessel and/ or by hand from boats from the sea surface of the port of Piraeus during 2006-2007. The data is provided by Environmental Protection Engineering S.A., responsible for the project.

The available data about marine litter concerning the subtidal seabed of the assessment area are limited, rending conlusion reaching on the issue difficult. According to a particular research Saronikos Gulf seems to accumulate a large amount of benthic litter. The wind regime accounts for the high values of marine litter collected from the seabed of the islands of Kalymnos (2500kg/km and 5000kg/km for 2010 and 2009 respectively)and Samos (600 kg/km collected in 2011). The composition of litter is plastic (55.47%), metal (25.73%), rubber (5.16%), paper (3.53%), clothing (2.71%), glass (2.09%), ceramic(0.59%) and other (4.73%).

The available data about marine litter concerning the subtidal seabed of the assessment area are limited, rending conlusion reaching on the issue difficult. According to a particular research Saronikos Gulf seems to accumulate a large amount of benthic litter. The wind regime accounts for the high values of marine litter collected from the seabed of the islands of Kalymnos (2500kg/km and 5000kg/km for 2010 and 2009 respectively)and Samos (600 kg/km collected in 2011). The composition of litter is plastic (55.47%), metal (25.73%), rubber (5.16%), paper (3.53%), clothing (2.71%), glass (2.09%), ceramic(0.59%) and other (4.73%).

There are no data concerning the environmental impacts of marine litter, although there have been mentionings of the negative impact of the pressure on marine organisms - certain species have been found entangled in litter items or having consumed litter particles.

According to a field experiment, the presence of litter increase the abundance and number of species, as species colonise litter sufaces and mobile species are provided with shelter or reproduction sites.However, the biodiversity of soft bottoms is threatened in the long-run.

It is well known that marine litter is responsible for causing damage to a wide range of marine organisms, including mammals, fish, turtles and birds. This damage can entail their entanglement in litter items causing lethal injury, drowning or starvation. In addition, marine organisms can ingest plastic particles and other litter as they mistake marine debris for food. Ingested plastics can be lethal either directly, as it can negatively impact the animals digestion and subsequently their body condition, or increase the accumulation of chemicals in their body.

The mean amount of marine litter on the coastlines of the Central Aegean is 273kg/km. The highest value observed was 4000 kg/km whereas the lowest was 70 kg/km.

The volume of litter was from 1.47 to 3.46 m3/day (average 1.9 m3/day). During the summer, when the port becomes very busy litter volume raised to 2.96 m3/day.

The volume of litter was from 1.47 to 3.46 m3/day (average 1.9 m3/day). During the summer, when the port becomes very busy litter volume raised to 2.96 m3/day.

Saronikos: values ranging from 0.4 to 25.1items/100m2 and the mean value being 3.2 items/100m2 Santorini :values from 0.12 to 2.75 items/100m2.

Saronikos: values ranging from 0.4 to 25.1items/100m2 and the mean value being 3.2 items/100m2 Santorini :values from 0.12 to 2.75 items/100m2.

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

Non related GES component

Non related GES component

Non related GES component

Stable

Unknown_NotAssessed

Unknown_NotAssessed

Unknown_NotAssessed

Unknown_NotAssessed

Decrease

Decrease

Decrease

Decrease

Decrease

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

The are not enough available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as most surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are not enough available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as most surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are not enough available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as most surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are not enough available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as most surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are not enough available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as most surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are not enough available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as most surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are not enough available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as most surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are not enough available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as most surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

D10C1 Litter (excluding micro-litter) (10.1, 10.1.1, 10.1.2)

D10C1 Litter (excluding micro-litter) (10.1, 10.1.1, 10.1.2)

D10C2 Micro-litter (10.1, 10.1.3)

D10C2 Micro-litter (10.1, 10.1.3)

D10C1 Litter (excluding micro-litter) (10.1, 10.1.1, 10.1.2)

D10C3 Litter ingested (10.1, 10.2.1)

D10C3 Litter ingested (10.1, 10.2.1)

D10C3 Litter ingested (10.1, 10.2.1)

LevelPressureShore

LevelPressureWater

LevelPressureWater

LevelPressureSeabed

LevelPressureSeabed

ImpactPressureWaterColumn

ImpactPressureSeabedHabitats

ImpactPressureFunctionalGroup

LitterShores10_1

LitterWaterColumnSurface10_1

LitterWaterColumnSurface10_1

LitterSeabed10_1

LitterSeabed10_1

LitterWaterColumnHabitats10_2

LitterSeabedHabitats10_2

LitterFunctionalGroups10_2

MarineCoast, MarineOceanic, MarineShelf, RedSalinity, VarSalinity

LitRock, LitSed, ShallCoarseSed, ShallMud, ShallMxdSed, ShallRock, ShallSand, ShelfCoarseSed, ShelfMud, ShelfMxdSed, ShelfRock, ShelfSand

BirdsInshoreBenthic, BirdsInshoreHerbiv, BirdsInshorePelagic, BirdsInshoreSurface, BirdsIntertidalBenthic, BirdsOffshorePelagic, BirdsOffshoreSurface, CephalopodsCoastShelf, CephalopodsCoastShelf, CephalopodsDeep_sea, FishCoastal, FishDemersal, FishDemersalElasmobranchs, FishDiadromous, FishPelagic, FishPelagicElasmobranchs, MammalsBaleenWhales, MammalsSeals, MammalsToothedWhales, ReptilesTurtles

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

NotGood

NotAssessed

NotAssessed

NotGood

NotGood

NotAssessed

NotAssessed

NotAssessed

Stable

Unknown_NotAssessed

Unknown_NotAssessed

Stable

Stable

Unknown_NotAssessed

Unknown_NotAssessed

Unknown_NotAssessed

Low

NotRelevant

NotRelevant

Low

Low

NotRelevant

NotRelevant

NotRelevant

According to available data concerning the amount of marine litter collected from the coastline of the North Aegean, it is apparent that marine litter constitutes a problem for the assessment area. The northern coasts of Macedonia present the biggest amounts of litter obviously due to the prevailing winds, hence becoming accumulation spots. The study of litter composition of certain beaches in the assessment area shows that litter is mainly composed of plastic (35%) followed by paper (19%), metal (15.5%), glass (7%), rope (10%) and building material (8.5%).

The only information about floating litter in the assessment area originate from Thermaikos Gulf, proving that Thermaikos Gulf is a hot spot, as it is the adjacent Gulf of Thessaloniki city centre, whereas being subject to the dominant winds of the area it acts as a collection tank.

The only information about floating litter in the assessment area originate from Thermaikos Gulf, proving that Thermaikos Gulf is a hot spot, as it is the adjacent Gulf of Thessaloniki city centre, whereas being subject to the dominant winds of the area it acts as a collection tank.

As far as marine litter concentrated on the subtidal seabed is concerned, the existing data about the assessment area is very limited. As a result, it is not possible to conclude on the accumulation of litter on the seabed. The same data inadequacy applies for the previous years, making impossible to decide on the pressure trend.

As far as marine litter concentrated on the subtidal seabed is concerned, the existing data about the assessment area is very limited. As a result, it is not possible to conclude on the accumulation of litter on the seabed. The same data inadequacy applies for the previous years, making impossible to decide on the pressure trend.

There are no specific data concerning the environmental impacts of marine litter, although there have been mentionings of the negative impact of the pressure on marine organisms - certain species have been found entangled in litter items or having consumed litter particles. Generally speaking, liter has been described as a serious mortality factor.

According to a field experiment, the presence of litter increase the abundance and number of species, as species colonise litter surfaces and mobile species are provided with shelter or reproduction sites. However, the biodiversity of soft bottoms is threatened in the long-run.

It is well known that marine litter is responsible for causing damage to a wide range of marine organisms, including mammals, fish, turtles and birds. This damage can entail their entanglement in litter items causing lethal injury, drowning or starvation. In addition, marine organisms can ingest plastic particles and other litter as they mistake marine debris for food. Ingested plastics can be lethal either directly, as it can negatively impact the animals digestion and subsequently their body condition, or increase the accumulation of chemicals in their body.

The mean amount of marine litter on the coastlines of the North Aegean is 148 kg/km. The highest value observed was 1200 kg/km whereas the lowest was 10 kg/km.

Approximately 30m3/km of litter (plastic, wood, tins, seaweed etc) was collected annually on regular cruises. A total of 3,400.00m3 of litter was collected from the inner Thermaikos Gulf in a 3 year period.

Approximately 30m3/km of litter (plastic, wood, tins, seaweed etc) was collected annually on regular cruises. A total of 3,400.00m3 of litter was collected from the inner Thermaikos Gulf in a 3 year period.

Low

Low

Low

Non related GES component

Non related GES component

Non related GES component

Non related GES component

Non related GES component

Stable

Stable

Stable

Unknown_NotAssessed

Unknown_NotAssessed

Decrease

Decrease

Decrease

Decrease

Decrease

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

The are not enough available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as most surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not satisfactorily assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are not enough available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as most surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not satisfactorily assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are not enough available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as most surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not satisfactorily assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are not enough available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as most surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not satisfactorily assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are not enough available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as most surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not satisfactorily assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are not enough available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as most surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not satisfactorily assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are not enough available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as most surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not satisfactorily assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are not enough available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as most surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not satisfactorily assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

D10C1 Litter (excluding micro-litter) (10.1, 10.1.1, 10.1.2)

D10C2 Micro-litter (10.1, 10.1.3)

D10C1 Litter (excluding micro-litter) (10.1, 10.1.1, 10.1.2)

D10C1 Litter (excluding micro-litter) (10.1, 10.1.1, 10.1.2)

D10C2 Micro-litter (10.1, 10.1.3)

D10C3 Litter ingested (10.1, 10.2.1)

D10C3 Litter ingested (10.1, 10.2.1)

D10C3 Litter ingested (10.1, 10.2.1)

LevelPressureShore

LevelPressureWater

LevelPressureWater

LevelPressureSeabed

LevelPressureSeabed

ImpactPressureWaterColumn

ImpactPressureSeabedHabitats

ImpactPressureFunctionalGroup

LitterShores10_1

LitterWaterColumnSurface10_1

LitterWaterColumnSurface10_1

LitterSeabed10_1

LitterSeabed10_1

LitterWaterColumnHabitats10_2

LitterSeabedHabitats10_2

LitterFunctionalGroups10_2

MarineCoast, MarineOceanic, MarineShelf, RedSalinity, VarSalinity

LitRock, LitSed, ShallCoarseSed, ShallMud, ShallMxdSed, ShallRock, ShallSand, ShelfCoarseSed, ShelfMud, ShelfMxdSed, ShelfRock, ShelfSand

BirdsInshoreBenthic, BirdsInshoreHerbiv, BirdsInshorePelagic, BirdsInshoreSurface, BirdsIntertidalBenthic, BirdsOffshorePelagic, BirdsOffshoreSurface, CephalopodsCoastShelf, CephalopodsCoastShelf, CephalopodsDeep_sea, FishCoastal, FishDemersal, FishDemersalElasmobranchs, FishDiadromous, FishPelagic, FishPelagicElasmobranchs, MammalsBaleenWhales, MammalsSeals, MammalsToothedWhales, ReptilesTurtles

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

there is not a particular quantitative threshold between good/ not good status as the approach to GES can be only done qualitatively.

NotGood

NotAssessed

NotAssessed

NotGood

NotGood

NotAssessed

NotAssessed

NotAssessed

Stable

Unknown_NotAssessed

Unknown_NotAssessed

Stable

Stable

Unknown_NotAssessed

Unknown_NotAssessed

Unknown_NotAssessed

Low

NotRelevant

NotRelevant

Low

Low

NotRelevant

NotRelevant

NotRelevant

According to available data, marine litter collected from the coastline of the South Aegean is quite increased rendering it an important pressure in the assessment area.The whole northern coast of Crete presents quite high vallues probably because of the wind regime of the area which carries marine litter and washes it ashore. The study of litter composition of certain beaches in the assessment area shows that litter is mainly composed of plastic (46%) followed by paper (12%), metal (15%), glass (7%), rope (6%) and building material (6%).

Concerning the subtidal seabed there is limited data about marine litter in the assessment area. According to a particular research the Gulf of Chania accumulates a large amount of benthic litter with values ranging from 0.4 to 4.25 items/100m2 and the mean value being 2 items/100m2. In contrast, the seabed of Falaserna presents a mean value of 0.13 items/100m2. Furthermore, the seabed of a fishing boat marina (Rogdia) presents very big values of marine litter (2500 kg/km and 5000 kg/km for years 2010 and 2009 respectively). The composition of benthic litter is plastic (55.47%), metal (25.73%), rubber (5.16%), paper (3.53%), clothing (2.71%), glass (2.09%), ceramic(0.59%) and other (4.73%).

Concerning the subtidal seabed there is limited data about marine litter in the assessment area. According to a particular research the Gulf of Chania accumulates a large amount of benthic litter with values ranging from 0.4 to 4.25 items/100m2 and the mean value being 2 items/100m2. In contrast, the seabed of Falaserna presents a mean value of 0.13 items/100m2. Furthermore, the seabed of a fishing boat marina (Rogdia) presents very big values of marine litter (2500 kg/km and 5000 kg/km for years 2010 and 2009 respectively). The composition of benthic litter is plastic (55.47%), metal (25.73%), rubber (5.16%), paper (3.53%), clothing (2.71%), glass (2.09%), ceramic(0.59%) and other (4.73%).

There are no data concerning the environmental impacts of marine litter, although there have been mentionings of the negative impact of the pressure on marine organisms - certain species have been found entangled in litter items or having consumed litter particles.

According to a field experiment, the presence of litter increase the abundance and number of species, as species colonise litter sufaces and mobile species are provided with shelter or reproduction sites.However, the biodiversity of soft bottoms is threatened in the long-run.

It is well known that marine litter is responsible for causing damage to a wide range of marine organisms, including mammals, fish, turtles and birds. This damage can entail their entanglement in litter items causing lethal injury, drowning or starvation. In addition, marine organisms can ingest plastic particles and other litter as they mistake marine debris for food. Ingested plastics can be lethal either directly, as it can negatively impact the animals digestion and subsequently their body condition, or increase the accumulation of chemicals in their body.

The mean amount of marine litter on the coastlines of the assessment area is 295 kg/km. The highest value observed was 692 kg/km whereas the lowest was 150 kg/km

The mean amount of marine litter on the seabed of the assessment area is 1.9 items/100m2. The highest value observed was 4.3 items/100m2 whereas the lowest was 0.13 items/100m2.

The mean amount of marine litter on the seabed of the assessment area is 1.9 items/100m2. The highest value observed was 4.3 items/100m2 whereas the lowest was 0.13 items/100m2.

Low

Non related GES component

Non related GES component

Low

Low

Non related GES component

Non related GES component

Non related GES component

Stable

Unknown_NotAssessed

Unknown_NotAssessed

Unknown_NotAssessed

Unknown_NotAssessed

Decrease

Decrease

Decrease

Decrease

Decrease

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

The sources of marine litter can be broadly categorised into land - based and marine -based.Land- based activities include recreation, man-made structures, land-based wastes and domestic ones. Sea based activities involve shipping (ships'garbage or other operational waste), fishing (fishery materials discarded from vessels or mariculture). However, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which marine litter items originate from each activity.

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

• "Shipping & floating structures (all vessels
• TourismRecreation
• Wild fisheries

The are no available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as all surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are no available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as all surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are no available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as all surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are no available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as all surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are no available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as all surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are no available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as all surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are no available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as all surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.

The are no available data regarding marine litter in the water column and the water surface as all surveys concentrate either on litter washed ashore or benthic marine litter. Therefore, floating litter is not assessed. Furthermore, there are no surveys on the impact of marine litter on marine organisms. Such issues of insufficient data could be faced by funding research programmes focusing on the impacts of litter on marine species and other organisms relating to the marine environment. It is difficult to estimate when the issues will be addressed as there are no scheduled surveys. However, the monitoring phase of MSFD can consider floating litter. In addition, public awareness should be raised.