D4

1.7 Ecosystem structure

1.7.1 Composition ecosystem

4.1 Productivity (production per unit biomass) of key species or trophic groups

4.1.1 Productivity of key predators

4.2 Proportion of selected species at the top of food webs

4.2.1 Large fish by weight

4.3 Abundance/distribution of key trophic groups/species

4.3.1 Abundance trends of selected groups/species

MAD-HR-MS-ADRIATIC: Početna procjena stanja i opterećenja morskog okoliša hrvatskog dijela Jadrana: http://www.mzoip.hr/[…]/Pocetna_procjena_morski_okolis.pdf; Ministry of Environmental and Nature Protection: http://www.mzoip.hr/; Institute for Oceanography and Fisheries- Split and Croatian Environment Agency: http://www.izor.hr/azo/; Oceanographic referral database: http:jadran.izor.hr/roscop/

MAD-HR-MS-ADRIATIC: Početna procjena stanja i opterećenja morskog okoliša hrvatskog dijela Jadrana: http://www.mzoip.hr/[…]/Pocetna_procjena_morski_okolis.pdf; Ministry of Environmental and Nature Protection: http://www.mzoip.hr/; Institute for Oceanography and Fisheries- Split and Croatian Environment Agency: http://www.izor.hr/azo/; Oceanographic referral database: http:jadran.izor.hr/roscop/

MAD-HR-MS-ADRIATIC: Početna procjena stanja i opterećenja morskog okoliša hrvatskog dijela Jadrana: http://www.mzoip.hr/[…]/Pocetna_procjena_morski_okolis.pdf; Ministry of Environmental and Nature Protection: http://www.mzoip.hr/; Institute for Oceanography and Fisheries- Split and Croatian Environment Agency: http://www.izor.hr/azo/; Oceanographic referral database: http:jadran.izor.hr/roscop/

• MAD-HR-AA-COAST_8A1_8B6
• MAD-HR-AA-COAST_MS_8B8_8B12
• MAD-HR-AA-COAST_N_8B8_8B12
• MAD-HR-AA-OPEN_8A1_8B6
• MAD-HR-AA-OPEN_MS_8B8_8B12
• MAD-HR-AA-OPEN_N_8B8_8B12
• MAD-HR-MS-ADRIATIC

• AllFunctional
• FishPelagic
• Functional group - other (highly mobile/widely dispersed species groups)
• WaterColumnHabitatsAll

• Coastal fish
• ExtractSpeciesFishShellfish
• FishDemersal
• ShallMxdSed
• ShelfMxdSed

• FishPelagic

• FishPelagic

• Functional group - other (highly mobile/widely dispersed species groups)

D4

1.7

1.7.1

4.1

4.1.1

4.2

4.2.1

4.3

4.3.1

Observed indicators suggest that plankton, small pelagic fish (sardine) and top predator (tuna) communities are not significantly adversely influenced by anthropogenic drivers. The flow of energy to higher trophic levels is ensured. GES reached.

Fish: The size-composition of fish communities reflects a healthy status and it is not significantly impacted by human activity.

Fish: Weight and length structure of selected species are in good status.

Small pelagic fish: GES reached. Observed indicators suggest that small pelagic fish (sardine) community is not significantly adversely influenced by anthropogenic drivers. The flow of energy to higher trophic levels is ensured.

Top predators: GES reached. Observed indicators suggest that top predator (tuna) community is not significantly adversely influenced by anthropogenic drivers.

Primary producers, heterotrophic microbes, mesozooplankton: GES reached. Observed indicators suggest that plankton community is not significantly adversely influenced by anthropogenic drivers. The flow of energy to higher trophic levels is ensured.

Phytoplankton: Ultermöhl method (1958); fluorometric method (Strickland and Parsons, 1972). Microzooplankton: Niskin bottles, WP2 plankton nets, Nansen plankton nets, Olympus Inverted Research Microscope Model IM T-2 (Olympus). Photosynthetic picoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria: flow cytometry (Beckman Coulter EPICS XL-MCL (Marie et al., 1999); Heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNF): flow cytometry (Beckman Coulter EPICS XL-MCL; Christaki et al., 2011); Olympus BX51 epifluorescence microscope. Mesozooplankton: Nansen nets, “splitting” method (1/16 – 1/64 part of the sample), inverted microscope at magnifications of 40-400x. Dissolved Organic Carbon: Niskin bottles, high temperature catalytic oxidation (HTCO; Dafner and Wangersky, 2002) on TOC-VCPH (Shimadzu) with Pt silica catalyst and NDIR detector for CO2. Particulate Organic Carbon: Niskin bottles, TOC-VCPH (Shimadzu) analyser with SSM-5000A modul calibrated with glucose.