Member State report / Art11 / 2014 / D8 / Croatia / Mediterranean: Adriatic Sea

Report type Member State report to Commission
MSFD Article Art. 11 Monitoring programmes (and Art. 17 updates)
Report due 2014-10-15
GES Descriptor D8 Contaminants
Member State Croatia
Region/subregion Mediterranean: Adriatic Sea
Reported by Institute for Oceanography and Fisheries, Split, Croatia
Report date 2014-09-04
Report access
Monitoring programme Monitoring programme name
MP_D8
Reference existing programme
MADHR-D08
Marine Unit ID
  • MAD-HR-MS-ADRIATIC
Q4e - Programme ID
MADHR-D08
Q4f - Programme description
The main pressures and impacts in relation to Descriptor 8 in Croatia are generated by introduction of non-synthetic and, to a smaller amount, synthetic compounds (e.g. priority substances under Directive 2000/60/EC) from point and diffuse sources (wastewater outlets, runoff, atmospheric deposition, riverine inputs and pollution by ships). Unlike the coastal waters, state of the priority substances in seawater, sediment and biota in the area of the open sea is not known.
Q5e - Natural variability
  • Quantiative
Q5d - Adequacy for assessment of GES Q5d - Adequate data
Y
Q5d - Established methods
Y
Q5d - Adequate understanding of GES
Y
Q5d - Adequate capacity
Y
Q5f - Description of programme for GES assessment
Levels of contaminant effects measured in seawater, sediment and biota at coastal stations were in the range of established “good environmental status” while in “hot spot” areas (harbours, industrial areas, etc.) “good ecological potential” (GEP) was achieved. Altogether it can be concluded that the GES has not been achieved for all measured parameters. However, it should be taken into account that most of the locations where the samples were taken were exposed to a strong anthropogenic influence, so it is questionable whether this assessment is relevant for the whole Croatia's Adriatic coast and it should be considered to be only partially reliable.
Q5g - Gap-filling date for GES assessment
By2018
Q5h - Plans to implement monitoring for GES assessment
Q6a -Relevant targets Q6a - Environmental target
Q6a - Associated indicator
Q6b - Adequacy for assessment of targets Q6b_SuitableData
Y
Q6b_EstablishedMethods
Y
Q6d_AdequateCapacity
Y
Q6c - Target updating
Y
Q6d - Description of programme for targets assessment
Along with targets, additional requirements (especially for contaminants so far not analysed in sediment or biota) for the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea indicate that concentrations of naturally occurring contaminants (as heavy metals) should be close to background reference levels (without increasing trend over the time) and concentrations of synthetic contaminants should be close to zero. For the second criteria of this descriptor the general target is to achieve that the intensity of biological or ecological effects due to contaminants is below the toxicologically-based standards defined above as threshold for GES and provided SMART targets: for the areas of the Adriatic Sea that achieved GES it is necessary to retain the threshold level of the biological effects indicators listed above during next 6 years (monitoring is necessary); for the areas of Adriatic sea that achieved severe pollution level or GEP it is necessary to decrease the level of the biological effects indicators listed above at least 10 % during next 6 years (monitoring is necessary); general targets have been set above and can be further developed into specific targets aiming at directing actions and the definition of measures to reach them.
Q6e - Gap-filling date for targets assessment
By2018
Q6f - Plans to implement monitoring for targets assessment
Q7a - Relevant activities
  • Aquaculture
  • Fisheries
  • ResearchSurvey
  • TourismRecreation
Q7b - Description of monitoring of activities
Referring to the first criterion, "Concentrations of contaminants in water, sediment and biota": 1. GES reassessment after the establishment of the new program for monitoring concentrations and biological effects of contaminants in seawater, sediment and biota in the Croatian part of the Adriatic, including exploring of the additional indicator species (fish) and selected synthetic contaminants. 2. Wastewater discharge should be in compliance with national regulation (OG 80/2013), which is already harmonized with Directives 2000/60/EC, 2006/118/EC, 2006/11/EC and the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (91/271/EEC). 3. replacement of outdated industrial technology with the best available technology. (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directive (96/61/EC). With respect to the second criterion "Effects of contaminants": 1. Establishment of the effects assessment system in the course of significant acute pollution events.
Q7c - Relevant measures
Q7e - Adequacy for assessment of measures Q7d - Adequate data
Q7d - Established methods
Q7d - Adequate understanding of GES
Q7d - Adequate capacity
Q7d - Addresses activities and pressures
Q7d - Addresses effectiveness of measures
Q7d - Description of monitoring for measures
Further research should be concentrated on the observed gaps, while there is a need for agreements at (sub-) regional level in relation to the development of supplementary EQSs and relevant matrix (e.g. for sediment, biota), Environmental Assessment Criteria (EACs) and development of associated indicators.
Q7f - Gap-filling date for activities and measures
By2014
Q8a - Links to existing Monitoring Programmes
  • BarCon
  • National level: Environmental Protection Act (OG 80/2013) Regulation establishing a framework for action of the Republic of Croatia in the field of marine environment protection (OG 136/2011) Regulation on water quality standard (OG 73/2013) Ordinance on emission limit values for wastewater discharges (OG 80/2013) Ordinance on amendments to the Ordinance on emission limit values for wastewater discharges (OG 43/2014) Intervention Plan for Accidental Marine Pollution (OG 92/2008)EU level: Marine Strategy Framework Directive, 2008/56/EC;Directive on environmental quality standards in the field of water policy (Directive 2008/105/EC, Directive 2013/39/EU
  • OSPAR
  • Other
  • WFD
Reference sub-programme Sub-programme ID
MADHR-D08-01
MADHR-D08-02
MADHR-D08-04
MADHR-D08-05
MADHR-D08-06
MADHR-D08-07
Sub-programme name
Contaminant levels - in water/sediment
Contaminant levels - in water/sediment
Contaminant levels - in species, including seafood
Contaminant levels - in water/sediment
Contaminant levels - in species, including seafood
Contaminant levels - in water/sediment
Contaminant inputs - sea-based acute events, incl. oil spills
Q4g - Sub-programmes Sub-programme ID
MADHR-D08-01
MADHR-D08-02
MADHR-D08-04
MADHR-D08-05
MADHR-D08-06
MADHR-D08-07
Sub-programme name
Contaminant levels - in water/sediment
Contaminant levels - in water/sediment
Contaminant levels - in species, including seafood
Contaminant levels - in water/sediment
Contaminant levels - in species, including seafood
Contaminant levels - in water/sediment
Contaminant inputs - sea-based acute events, incl. oil spills
Q4k - Monitoring purpose
Pressurse
Pressurse
Pressurse
Pressurse
Pressurse
Activities
Q4l - Links of monitoring programmes of other Directives and Conventions
National monitoring program contributes to MSFD program.
National monitoring program contributes to MSFD program.
National monitoring program contributes to MSFD program.
National monitoring program contributes to MSFD program.
National monitoring program contributes to MSFD program.
VTMIS -Vessel Traffic Monitoring and Information System is technical, legal and institutional setup facilitating systematic monitoring of vessel movements and their physical and information tracking, improvement of safety of navigation and life protection in rescue operations, risk reduction of the ship accidents and reduction of all types of dangerous situations, improvement of search and rescue service and reduction of the sea pollution risks and coordination of the cleaning action in case of accidents.
Q5c - Features Q5c - Habitats
  • LitSed ShallMxdSed ShelfMxdSed WaterColumnHabitatsAll
Q5c - Species list
  • FishAll
  • FunctionalGroupOther
  • Shellfish
Q5c - Physical/Chemical features
Q5c - Pressures
  • AcutePollutionEvents
  • IntroHazSubstOther
  • IntroNonSynthSubst
  • IntroRadioNuclides
  • IntroSynthComp
  • SystematicReleaseSubst
Q9a - Elements
  • Water column habitats – allWater column habitats: Marine water: coastalPressure: Contamination by hazardous substances (Other)Pressure: Systematic and/or intentional release of substancesPressure: Introduction of synthetic compoundsPressure: Introduction of non-synthetic substances and compoundsConcentrations of priority substances in seawater according to WFDPressure: Introduction of radio-nuclides
  • Species group: Fish (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, HgT, Cr, organotin compounds, hexachlorobenzene, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, p,p'-DDE, DDD, DDT, PCB-7 congeners, PAHs)all functional groups; shellfish (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, HgT, Cr, organotin compounds, hexachlorobenzene, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, p,p'-DDE, DDD, DDT, PCB-7 congeners, PAHs )Pressure: Contamination by hazardous substances (Other)Pressure: Systematic and/or intentional release of substances (solidPressure: Introduction of synthetic compoundsPressure: Introduction of non-synthetic substances and compoundsPressure: Introduction of radio-nuclides
  • Water column habitats – allWater column habitats: Marine water: coastalPressure: Contamination by hazardous substances (Other)Pressure: Systematic and/or intentional release of substancesPressure: Introduction of synthetic compoundsPressure: Introduction of non-synthetic substances and compoundsPressure: Introduction of radio-nuclidespotential toxicity, genotoxicity and mutagenicity
  • Species group: Fish(Effect of PAH / Bile PAH metabolites; EROD activity)Other: all functional groups; shellfish (Effect of organic contaminants / Neutral lipids content; Effect of metals / Methalothionein content; Effect of pesticides and carbamates / AChE activity; Effect of genotoxic contaminants / Induction of DNA damage; Cell stress index / Lysosomal membrane stability; General stress index / Survival on air)Pressure: Contamination by hazardous substances (Other)Pressure: Systematic and/or intentional release of substancesPressure: Introduction of synthetic compoundsPressure: Introduction of non-synthetic substances and compoundsPressure: Introduction of radio-nuclides
  • Seabed habitats: Littoral sedimentSeabed habitats: Shallow sublittoral mixed sedimentSeabed habitats: Shelf sublittoral mixed sedimentPressure: Contamination by hazardous substances (Other)Pressure: Systematic and/or intentional release of substancesPressure: Introduction of synthetic compoundsPressure: Introduction of non-synthetic substances and compoundsPressure: Introduction of radio-nuclides
  • Pressure: Contamination by hazardous substances (Other)Pressure: Systematic and/or intentional release of substancesPressure: Acute pollution events
Q5a - GES criteria Relevant GES criteria
  • 8.1
  • 8.2
Q5b - GES indicators Relevant GES indicators
  • 8.1.1
  • 8.2.1
  • 8.2.2
Q9b - Parameters monitored (state/impact) Species distribution
Species population size
Species population characteristics
Species impacts
Habitat distribution
Habitat extent
Habitat condition (physical-chemical)
Habitat condition (biological)
Habitat impacts
Q9b - Parameters monitored (pressures) Pressure input
Pressure output
  • MP-9b-2-2-3
  • MP-9b-2-2-2
  • MP-9b-2-2-1
Q9b - Parameters monitored (activity) Activity
Q9b Parameters monitored (other) Other
  • MP-9b-4-1-1
  • MP-9b-4-1-1
  • MP-9b-4-1-1
Q41 Spatial scope
WFD_CW
WFD_CW TerritorialWaters
WFD_CW TerritorialWaters
WFD_CW TerritorialWaters
WFD_CW TerritorialWaters
WFD_CW TerritorialWaters EEZ
Q4j - Description of spatial scope
Within the future monitoring and observation system for good environmental status assessment with respect to the contaminants and their biological effects, four sampling stations (OT2, OT13, OT23 and OT24) will be added to the list of already existent investigation sites (F1-F10). The additional stations OT2, OT13, OT23 and OT24 were investigated in the course of the UNEP / MEDPOL monitoring study carried out in 2011. Three new stations (F11, F12 and F13) located in the environmental areas that are not exposed to anthropogenic influences, will also be added to the list of investigation stations. Investigations of biological effects in organisms living in habitats that are not affected by contaminants are necessary for the determination of a good environmental status (GES).
Within the future monitoring and observation system for good environmental status assessment with respect to the contaminants and their biological effects, four sampling stations (OT2, OT13, OT23 and OT24) will be added to the list of already existent investigation sites (F1-F10). The additional stations OT2, OT13, OT23 and OT24 were investigated in the course of the UNEP / MEDPOL monitoring study carried out in 2011. Three new stations (F11, F12 and F13) located in the environmental areas that are not exposed to anthropogenic influences, will also be added to the list of investigation stations. Investigations of biological effects in organisms living in habitats that are not affected by contaminants are necessary for the determination of a good environmental status (GES).
The aim of the program is to assess and control presence of toxic environmental mixture of contaminants in seawater from the coastal areas of the Eastern Adriatic sea that are subject to human impacts which potentially may affect human health and ecosystems in a significant manner. The areas are selected in relation to existing pressures and their intensity.
The aim of the programme is to assess and control presence of harmfull toxic environmental mixture of contaminants in sediment from the coastal areas of the Eastern Adriatic sea that are subject to human impacts which potentially may affect human health and ecosystems in a significant manner. The areas are selected in relation to existing pressures and their intensity.
The aim of the programme is to assess and control biological effects of environmental mixture of pollutants in biota from the coastal areas of the Eastern Adriatic sea that are subject to human impacts which potentially may affect human health and ecosystems in a significant manner. The areas are selected in relation to existing pressures and their intensity.
According to data provided by the Ministry of Maritime affairs, Transport and Infrastructure, more than 100 cases of marine pollution originating from ships, land-based or unidentified sources were recorded in 2010. The area can not be pre-selected.
Marine Unit IDs
  • MAD-HR-MS-ADRIATIC
Q4h - Temporal scope Start date- End date
-
2010-9999
2000-9999
1999-2014
2013-2014
2013-2014
2005-9999
Q9h - Temporal resolution of sampling
  • 3monthly
  • Yearly
  • 3monthly
  • Yearly
  • Yearly
  • Continually Asneeded
Q9c - Monitoring method
Analysis of priority substances in seawater is conducted by three different laboratories: 1. Institute Rudjer Bošković, Zagreb, Croatia 2. Hrvatske vode, Croatia 3. IWW, Muhlheim an der Ruhr, Germany Sampling procedure has been described in Marasović I., Krstulović, N., Leder, N., Lončar, G., Precali, R., Šolić, M., Lončar,.G., Beg- Paklar, G., Bojanić, N., Cvitković, I., Dadić, V., Despalatović, M., Dulčić, J., Grbec, B., Kušpilić, G., Ninčević-Gladan, Ž., P. Tutman, Ujević, I., Vrgoč, N., Vukadin, P., Žuljević, A. Coastal cities water pollution control project, Part C1: Monitoring and Observation System for Ongoing Assessment of the Adriatic sea under the Adriatic sea Monitoring Programme, Phase II. Interim report (IR), December, 2013. (Ftp://baltazar.izor.hr)
Sampling procedure has been described in Marasović I., Krstulović, N., Leder, N., Lončar, G., Precali, R., Šolić, M., Lončar,.G., Beg- Paklar, G., Bojanić, N., Cvitković, I., Dadić, V., Despalatović, M., Dulčić, J., Grbec, B., Kušpilić, G., Ninčević-Gladan, Ž., P. Tutman, Ujević, I., Vrgoč, N., Vukadin, P., Žuljević, A. Coastal cities water pollution control project, Part C1: Monitoring and Observation System for Ongoing Assessment of the Adriatic sea under the Adriatic sea Monitoring Programme, Phase II. Interim report (IR), December, 2013. (Ftp://baltazar.izor.hr)
ISO/DIS 13829, Determination of genotoxicity of water and wastewater using the umu-test.TC 147/SC 5, 2000. Bulich, A.A. Bioluminescence assay. In: Biton, G. and Dutka, B.J. (eds) Toxicity testing using microorganisms, Vol 1. CRC Press p 57-64, 1986 Sampling procedure has been described in Marasović I., Krstulović, N., Leder, N., Lončar, G., Precali, R., Šolić, M., Lončar,.G., Beg- Paklar, G., Bojanić, N., Cvitković, I., Dadić, V., Despalatović, M., Dulčić, J., Grbec, B., Kušpilić, G., Ninčević-Gladan, Ž., P. Tutman, Ujević, I., Vrgoč, N., Vukadin, P., Žuljević, A. Coastal cities water pollution control project, Part C1: Monitoring and Observation System for Ongoing Assessment of the Adriatic sea under the Adriatic sea Monitoring Programme, Phase II. Interim report (IR), December, 2013. (Ftp://baltazar.izor.hr)
Microtox acute solid-phase test. AZUR Microtox Manual.
Ariese, F., Kok, S.J., Verkaik, M., Gooijer, C., Velthorst,N.H., Hofstraat, J.W. Synchronous fluorescence spectrometry of fish bile: a rapid screening method for the biomonitoring of PAH exposure. AquaticToxicology 26, 3-4, 1993, pp. 273-286. Bancroft, J. D. An introduction to histochemical technique. Butterworths. London, 1967 Batel R., Jaksic Z., Bihari N., Hamer B., Fafandel M., Chauvin C.,Schrode H.,C., Muller W.E.G. and Zahn R.K. AMicroplateAssayfor DNA Damage Determination (Fast Micromethod®) in Cell Suspensions and Solid Tissues. Analytical Biochemistry 270, 1999, pp. 195-200. Bihari N. , Fafanđel, M., Piškur, V. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and ecotoxicological characterisation of seawater, sediment, and mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis from the Gulf of Rijeka, the Adriatic sea, Croatia, Archive of Envronmental Contamination and Toxicology, 52, 2007, pp. 379-87 DeZwaan, A., Cortesi, P., Cattani, O. Resistance of bivalves to anoxia as a response to pollution-induced environmental stress. The Science of the Total Environment ,171, 1995, pp. 121-125 Ellman, G.L., Courtney, K.O., Andres, V., Federstone, R.M. A new and rapid colorimetirc determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochemistry and Pharmacology 7, 1961, pp. 88 – 95 Moore M. Cytochemical demonstration of latency of lysosomal hydrolases in digestive gland cells of the common mussel Mytilus edulis, and changes induced by thermal stress. Cell and Tissue Research 175, 1976, pp. 279–287 Perić, L., Fafanđel, M., Glad, M., Bihari, N. Heavy metals concentration and metallothionein content in resident and caged mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis from Rijeka Bay, Croatia Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. 9a, 2012, pp. 2785-2794 Sampling procedure has been described in Marasović I., Krstulović, N., Leder, N., Lončar, G., Precali, R., Šolić, M., Lončar,.G., Beg- Paklar, G., Bojanić, N., Cvitković, I., Dadić, V., Despalatović, M., Dulčić, J., Grbec, B., Kušpilić, G., Ninčević-Gladan, Ž., P. Tutman, Ujević, I., Vrgoč, N., Vukadin, P., Žuljević, A. Coastal cities water pollution control project, Part C1: Monitoring and Observation System for Ongoing Assessment of the Adriatic sea under the Adriatic sea Monitoring Programme, Phase II. Interim report (IR), December, 2013. (Ftp://baltazar.izor.hr)
Vessel Traffic Monitoring and Information System is going to collect all the necessary information on maritime traffic through different sensors, thus making possible to process, analyze, display in real time, store and replay all collected data, to share and distribute such information to the competent national and international authorities and institutions. In the case of oil pollution accident the following indicators of the effects of pollution could be measured: - Genotoxicity and toxicity of water samples - Biological effects in mussels (“Mussel Watch” if necessary)
Q9d - Description of alteration to method
Fafanđel M., Bihari N. Temporal and spatial variations of seawater toxicity along Adriatic coast, Croatia: A long-term study. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 16, 2007, pp. 1457-1463 Hamer, B., Bihari, N., Reifferscheid, G., Zahn, R. K., Muller, W.E.G., Batel, R. Evaluation of the SOS/umu-test post-treatment assay for the detection of genotoxic activities of pure compounds and complex environmental mixtures. Mutation Research: genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis. 466, 2, 2000, pp. 161-168
Smodlaka Tanković M., Živković, S., Piljagić, J., Fafanđel, M. Ecotoxicological analysis of Rječina river and Bakar Bay sediment. Archive of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 63, 2012, pp. 20 Sampling procedure has been described in Marasović I., Krstulović, N., Leder, N., Lončar, G., Precali, R., Šolić, M., Lončar,.G., Beg- Paklar, G., Bojanić, N., Cvitković, I., Dadić, V., Despalatović, M., Dulčić, J., Grbec, B., Kušpilić, G., Ninčević-Gladan, Ž., P. Tutman, Ujević, I., Vrgoč, N., Vukadin, P., Žuljević, A. Coastal cities water pollution control project, Part C1: Monitoring and Observation System for Ongoing Assessment of the Adriatic sea under the Adriatic sea Monitoring Programme, Phase II. Interim report (IR), December, 2013. (Ftp://baltazar.izor.hr)
Q9e - Quality assurance
  • IAEA-referent materials
  • Other
  • BEQUALM
  • BEQUALM
  • BEQUALM
Q9f - Quality control
DelayedValidation
DelayedValidation
DelayedValidation
DelayedValidation
DelayedValidation
DelayedValidation
Q9g - Spatial resolution of sampling Q9g - Proportion of area covered %
Q9g - No. of samples
Alternating every year: - transitional waters: 6216; - coastal waters: 10952
About 600 samples per year.
sixteen samples per year
Sixteen per year.
Sixteen per year.
Q9i - Description of sample representivity
Different laboratories (Institutions) have their own protocols and methods.
No variation within the sub-programme.
No variation within the sub-programme.
No variation within the sub-programme.
No variation within the sub-programme.
Vessel Traffic Monitoring and Information System is going to collect all the necessary information on maritime traffic continuously, while acute pollution events are accidental and will be recorded and processed when they occur.
Q10a - Scale for aggregation of data
  • Region
  • Subregion
  • Region
  • Subregion
  • Region
  • Subregion
  • Region
  • Subregion
  • Region
  • Subregion
  • Region
  • Subregion
Q10b - Other scale for aggregation of data
Q10c - Access to monitoring data Q10c - Data type
DataProducts
DataProducts
DataProducts
DataProducts
DataProducts
DataProducts
Q10c - Data access mechanism
LocationNationalDC
LocationNationalDC
LocationNationalDC
LocationNationalDC
LocationNationalDC
LocationNationalDC
Q10c - Data access rights
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Q10c - INSPIRE standard
SeaRegions
SeaRegions
SeaRegions
SeaRegions
SeaRegions
SeaRegions
Q10c Date data are available
2018-10
2018-10
2018-10
2018-10
2018-10
2018-10
Q10c - Data update frequency
Yearly
Yearly
Yearly
Yearly
Yearly
Yearly
Q10d - Description of data access
In accordance to the Regulation on development and implementation of documents of Strategy for Management of Marine and Coastal Areas (O.G. 112/14), Croatian Environment Agency is in charge of developing Marine Information System. Data and information regarding all elements of the Strategy collected by competent authorities should be available for needs of the System. The System is still under development.
In accordance to the Regulation on development and implementation of documents of Strategy for Management of Marine and Coastal Areas (O.G. 112/14), Croatian Environment Agency is in charge to develop Marine Information System. Data and information regarding to all elements of the Strategy collected by competent authorities should be available for needs of System. The System is under development
In accordance to the Regulation on development and implementation of documents of Strategy for Management of Marine and Coastal Areas (O.G. 112/14), Croatian Environment Agency is in charge of developing Marine Information System. Data and information regarding all elements of the Strategy collected by competent authorities should be available for needs of the System. The System is still under development.
In accordance to the Regulation on development and implementation of documents of Strategy for Management of Marine and Coastal Areas (O.G. 112/14), Croatian Environment Agency is in charge of developing Marine Information System. Data and information regarding all elements of the Strategy collected by competent authorities should be available for needs of the System. The System is still under development.
In accordance to the Regulation on development and implementation of documents of Strategy for Management of Marine and Coastal Areas (O.G. 112/14), Croatian Environment Agency is in charge of developing Marine Information System. Data and information regarding all elements of the Strategy collected by competent authorities should be available for needs of the System. The System is still under development.
In accordance to the Regulation on development and implementation of documents of Strategy for Management of Marine and Coastal Areas (O.G. 112/14), Croatian Environment Agency is in charge of developing Marine Information System. Data and information regarding all elements of the Strategy collected by competent authorities should be available for needs of the System. The System is still under development.