GESOther: Assessments under EIA's, BHD and WFD

GESOther: Assessments under EIA's, BHD and WFD

GESOther: Assessments under EIA's, BHD and WFD

GESOther: Assessments under EIA's, BHD and WFD

LevelPressure

ImpactPressureWaterColumn

ImpactPressureSeabedHabitats

ImpactPressureFunctionalGroup

Hydrological7_1

HydrologicalWaterColumnHabitats7_2

HydrologicalSeabedHabitats7_2

HydrologicalFunctionalGroups7_2

MarineCoast, Salinity, TopographyBathymetry

ShallSand

FishDiadromous

OtherStatus

OtherStatus

OtherStatus

OtherStatus

Stable

Stable

Stable

Stable

High

High

High

High

No significant ecological impact (in line with assessments in EIA’s and under BHD and WFD)

No significant ecological impact (in line with assessments in EIA’s and under BHD and WFD)

No significant ecological impact (in line with assessments in EIA’s and under BHD and WFD)

No significant ecological impact (in line with assessments in EIA’s and under BHD and WFD)

Hydrographical changes resulting from human activities have been ongoing for many centuries. In the past, such interventions were limited to the construction of piers in ports and deepening channels to the ports. At a local level these interventions may have resulted in changes to habitat functions, but there are no effects at ecosystem level as referred to in the MSFD. Large-scale interventions were introduced throughout the 20th century. The Delta Project (flood protection) and Maasvlakte I (port extension) caused drastic changes to the hydrographical conditions in the coastal zone. The Delta Project had a major indirect influence on water flow, salinity and sediment transport off the coast. The Maasvlakte I and the Delta Project are considered irreversible in the River Basin Management Plans developed under the WFD. In the second half of the 20th century, the number and scope of hydrographical interventions increased significantly: sand extraction for coastal defences and filling sand, dredging of waterways to seaports, construction of wind farms, sinking oil/gas pipelines and installing cables. Of late, there have been two new, large-scale changes in the hydrographical conditions of the North Sea coastal zone caused by the construction of Maasvlakte 2 and the 'Sand Motor' off the coast of Zuid-Holland. Until 2020, no new interventions are planned that could affect the hydrography of the North Sea.

The Delta Project had a major indirect influence on water flow, salinity and sediment transport off the coast. Anadromous fish species suffer from the closure of the tidal inlets, as this blocks their migratory routes. Maasvlakte 2: The construction of the port area causes the disappearance of 2,455 ha of the habitat type H1110A/B. This means a loss of foraging area for the Sandwich tern, the Common tern and the Common scoter. The ‘Sand Motor’: This coastal suppletion project off the coast of Zuid-Holland of approx. 1 km2 was carried out in 2011. This suppletion method does not cause a permanent alteration of hydrographical conditions: the former hydrographical situation is expected to be restored by natural processes within a few decades.

Maasvlakte 2: The construction of the port area causes the disappearance of 2,455 ha of the habitat type H1110A/B.

Diadromous fish species suffer from the closure of the tidal inlets, as this blocks their migratory routes.

High

High

High

Moderate

Increasing

Be stable

In the second half of the 20th century, the number and scope of hydrographical interventions increased significantly: sand extraction for coastal defences and filling sand, dredging of waterways to seaports, construction of wind farms, sinking oil/gas pipelines and installing cables. Of late, there have been two new, large-scale changes in the hydrographical conditions of the North Sea coastal zone caused by the construction of Maasvlakte 2 and the 'Sand Motor' off the coast of Zuid-Holland.

In the second half of the 20th century, the number and scope of hydrographical interventions increased significantly: sand extraction for coastal defences and filling sand, dredging of waterways to seaports, construction of wind farms, sinking oil/gas pipelines and installing cables. Of late, there have been two new, large-scale changes in the hydrographical conditions of the North Sea coastal zone caused by the construction of Maasvlakte 2 and the 'Sand Motor' off the coast of Zuid-Holland.

In the second half of the 20th century, the number and scope of hydrographical interventions increased significantly: sand extraction for coastal defences and filling sand, dredging of waterways to seaports, construction of wind farms, sinking oil/gas pipelines and installing cables. Of late, there have been two new, large-scale changes in the hydrographical conditions of the North Sea coastal zone caused by the construction of Maasvlakte 2 and the 'Sand Motor' off the coast of Zuid-Holland.

In the second half of the 20th century, the number and scope of hydrographical interventions increased significantly: sand extraction for coastal defences and filling sand, dredging of waterways to seaports, construction of wind farms, sinking oil/gas pipelines and installing cables. Of late, there have been two new, large-scale changes in the hydrographical conditions of the North Sea coastal zone caused by the construction of Maasvlakte 2 and the 'Sand Motor' off the coast of Zuid-Holland.

• Dredging
• LandClaimDefence
• MiningSandGravel

• Dredging
• LandClaimDefence
• MiningSandGravel

• Dredging
• LandClaimDefence
• MiningSandGravel

• Dredging
• LandClaimDefence
• MiningSandGravel