Member State report / Art11 / 2020 / D9 / Netherlands / NE Atlantic: Greater North Sea

Report type Member State report to Commission
MSFD Article Art. 11 Monitoring programmes (and Art. 17 updates)
Report due 2020-10-15
GES Descriptor D9 Contaminants in seafood
Member State Netherlands
Region/subregion NE Atlantic: Greater North Sea
Reported by Rijkswaterstaat Water, Verkeer en Leefomgeving Zuiderwagenplein 2 8224 AD Lelystad Postbus 2232 3500
Report date 2020-11-17
Report access

Descriptor
D9
D9
D9
D9
Monitoring strategy description
The principal purpose of the MSFD monitoring programme is to review the progress that has been made towards achieving good environmental status prescribed for each criterion in the Marine Strategy Part I (2018). This review is based on established indicators. The monitoring can also be used to evaluate the environmental targets defined for each descriptor. The environmental targets are operational in nature and are linked to specific actions and/or measures in the Marine Strategy Part 3. The effects of individual measures cannot generally be linked directly to environmental status or the criteria. Monitoring data can, however, indirectly give an indication of the effectiveness of measures. The monitoring (methods, spatial and temporal coverage) aims to achieve sufficient statistical confidence in the assessment. The risk of not achieving GES or deterioration from GES is addressed in the Marine Strategy, Parts 1 and 3. The European Commission requests that the electronic reports explain how the DPSIR cycle is monitored and to which part of the cycle the monitoring surveys are linked. The MSFD monitoring programme helps to generate better insight into the relationships between the use of the sea and the marine ecosystem. This can be accomplished by monitoring pressures and the underlying activities (D1C1: incidental bycatch, D2: non-indigenous species, D3C1: fish mortality, D5: eutrophication, D6C1/D6C4: physical loss of seabed/habitats and D6C2: fisheries intensity and sand extraction, D8 and D9: pollutants, D10: litter, D11: underwater noise), and by monitoring species and habitats (D1: biodiversity (with the exception of D1C1), D3C2: spawning stock biomass, D4: food web, D6C3/D6C5: habitats ) and hydrographical characteristics (D7). The numerous relationships between the various elements of the marine ecosystem are complex, and many are still not known. Consequently, it is often only possible to give an indication of the impact of specific activities on the marine ecosystem. Experts generally derive DPSIR relationships from the monitoring of pressures/activities and of species and habitats (from the MSFD monitoring programme), in combination with data derived from permits and research programmes. However, some surveys have been established to measure pressures and their effects and/or to learn more about the effectiveness of measures. In designing the monitoring survey for benthic animals (habitats), the Netherlands explicitly took account of the need to
The principal purpose of the MSFD monitoring programme is to review the progress that has been made towards achieving good environmental status prescribed for each criterion in the Marine Strategy Part I (2018). This review is based on established indicators. The monitoring can also be used to evaluate the environmental targets defined for each descriptor. The environmental targets are operational in nature and are linked to specific actions and/or measures in the Marine Strategy Part 3. The effects of individual measures cannot generally be linked directly to environmental status or the criteria. Monitoring data can, however, indirectly give an indication of the effectiveness of measures. The monitoring (methods, spatial and temporal coverage) aims to achieve sufficient statistical confidence in the assessment. The risk of not achieving GES or deterioration from GES is addressed in the Marine Strategy, Parts 1 and 3. The European Commission requests that the electronic reports explain how the DPSIR cycle is monitored and to which part of the cycle the monitoring surveys are linked. The MSFD monitoring programme helps to generate better insight into the relationships between the use of the sea and the marine ecosystem. This can be accomplished by monitoring pressures and the underlying activities (D1C1: incidental bycatch, D2: non-indigenous species, D3C1: fish mortality, D5: eutrophication, D6C1/D6C4: physical loss of seabed/habitats and D6C2: fisheries intensity and sand extraction, D8 and D9: pollutants, D10: litter, D11: underwater noise), and by monitoring species and habitats (D1: biodiversity (with the exception of D1C1), D3C2: spawning stock biomass, D4: food web, D6C3/D6C5: habitats ) and hydrographical characteristics (D7). The numerous relationships between the various elements of the marine ecosystem are complex, and many are still not known. Consequently, it is often only possible to give an indication of the impact of specific activities on the marine ecosystem. Experts generally derive DPSIR relationships from the monitoring of pressures/activities and of species and habitats (from the MSFD monitoring programme), in combination with data derived from permits and research programmes. However, some surveys have been established to measure pressures and their effects and/or to learn more about the effectiveness of measures. In designing the monitoring survey for benthic animals (habitats), the Netherlands explicitly took account of the need to
The principal purpose of the MSFD monitoring programme is to review the progress that has been made towards achieving good environmental status prescribed for each criterion in the Marine Strategy Part I (2018). This review is based on established indicators. The monitoring can also be used to evaluate the environmental targets defined for each descriptor. The environmental targets are operational in nature and are linked to specific actions and/or measures in the Marine Strategy Part 3. The effects of individual measures cannot generally be linked directly to environmental status or the criteria. Monitoring data can, however, indirectly give an indication of the effectiveness of measures. The monitoring (methods, spatial and temporal coverage) aims to achieve sufficient statistical confidence in the assessment. The risk of not achieving GES or deterioration from GES is addressed in the Marine Strategy, Parts 1 and 3. The European Commission requests that the electronic reports explain how the DPSIR cycle is monitored and to which part of the cycle the monitoring surveys are linked. The MSFD monitoring programme helps to generate better insight into the relationships between the use of the sea and the marine ecosystem. This can be accomplished by monitoring pressures and the underlying activities (D1C1: incidental bycatch, D2: non-indigenous species, D3C1: fish mortality, D5: eutrophication, D6C1/D6C4: physical loss of seabed/habitats and D6C2: fisheries intensity and sand extraction, D8 and D9: pollutants, D10: litter, D11: underwater noise), and by monitoring species and habitats (D1: biodiversity (with the exception of D1C1), D3C2: spawning stock biomass, D4: food web, D6C3/D6C5: habitats ) and hydrographical characteristics (D7). The numerous relationships between the various elements of the marine ecosystem are complex, and many are still not known. Consequently, it is often only possible to give an indication of the impact of specific activities on the marine ecosystem. Experts generally derive DPSIR relationships from the monitoring of pressures/activities and of species and habitats (from the MSFD monitoring programme), in combination with data derived from permits and research programmes. However, some surveys have been established to measure pressures and their effects and/or to learn more about the effectiveness of measures. In designing the monitoring survey for benthic animals (habitats), the Netherlands explicitly took account of the need to
The principal purpose of the MSFD monitoring programme is to review the progress that has been made towards achieving good environmental status prescribed for each criterion in the Marine Strategy Part I (2018). This review is based on established indicators. The monitoring can also be used to evaluate the environmental targets defined for each descriptor. The environmental targets are operational in nature and are linked to specific actions and/or measures in the Marine Strategy Part 3. The effects of individual measures cannot generally be linked directly to environmental status or the criteria. Monitoring data can, however, indirectly give an indication of the effectiveness of measures. The monitoring (methods, spatial and temporal coverage) aims to achieve sufficient statistical confidence in the assessment. The risk of not achieving GES or deterioration from GES is addressed in the Marine Strategy, Parts 1 and 3. The European Commission requests that the electronic reports explain how the DPSIR cycle is monitored and to which part of the cycle the monitoring surveys are linked. The MSFD monitoring programme helps to generate better insight into the relationships between the use of the sea and the marine ecosystem. This can be accomplished by monitoring pressures and the underlying activities (D1C1: incidental bycatch, D2: non-indigenous species, D3C1: fish mortality, D5: eutrophication, D6C1/D6C4: physical loss of seabed/habitats and D6C2: fisheries intensity and sand extraction, D8 and D9: pollutants, D10: litter, D11: underwater noise), and by monitoring species and habitats (D1: biodiversity (with the exception of D1C1), D3C2: spawning stock biomass, D4: food web, D6C3/D6C5: habitats ) and hydrographical characteristics (D7). The numerous relationships between the various elements of the marine ecosystem are complex, and many are still not known. Consequently, it is often only possible to give an indication of the impact of specific activities on the marine ecosystem. Experts generally derive DPSIR relationships from the monitoring of pressures/activities and of species and habitats (from the MSFD monitoring programme), in combination with data derived from permits and research programmes. However, some surveys have been established to measure pressures and their effects and/or to learn more about the effectiveness of measures. In designing the monitoring survey for benthic animals (habitats), the Netherlands explicitly took account of the need to
Coverage of GES criteria
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Gaps and plans
There are no monitoring gaps for D9.
There are no monitoring gaps for D9.
There are no monitoring gaps for D9.
There are no monitoring gaps for D9.
Related targets
  • ANSNL-D9T1
  • ANSNL-D9T1
  • ANSNL-D9T1
  • ANSNL-D9T1
Coverage of targets
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Related measures
  • ANSNL-M023 - 'Normering vervuilende stoffen in vis en visproducten'
  • ANSNL-M023 - 'Normering vervuilende stoffen in vis en visproducten'
  • ANSNL-M023 - 'Normering vervuilende stoffen in vis en visproducten'
  • ANSNL-M023 - 'Normering vervuilende stoffen in vis en visproducten'
Coverage of measures
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Adequate monitoring was in place in 2014
Related monitoring programmes
  • ANSNL-D09-Sub1
  • ANSNL-D09-Sub1
  • ANSNL-D09-Sub1
  • ANSNL-D09-Sub1
Programme code
ANSNL-D09-Sub1
ANSNL-D09-Sub1
ANSNL-D09-Sub1
ANSNL-D09-Sub1
Programme name
Contaminant levels - in species, including seafood
Contaminant levels - in species, including seafood
Contaminant levels - in species, including seafood
Contaminant levels - in species, including seafood
Update type
Same programme as in 2014
Same programme as in 2014
Same programme as in 2014
Same programme as in 2014
Old programme codes
Programme description
Monitoring is necessary to establish whether the concentrations of contaminants in fish and other seafood comply with the agreed national and international standards. These standards are laid down in EU Regulation 1881/2006 for dioxins, PCBs, PAHs and metals. Monitoring must also show whether concentrations are increasing or declining. For measurements in fish and other organisms for human consumption, including crabs, shrimps and shellfish, random samples are taken from different landed species originating from various geographical locations. The monitoring is carried out for the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality. The sampling occurs once a year. Catches from surveys on board research vessels are also used. Fish from both the Dutch section of the North Sea and elsewhere are used. An important criterion is that the collection is representative of the pattern of human consumption. The Netherlands has two programmes to monitor contaminants in fish and seafood for human consumption. Both are carried out by Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR): 1. Monitoring Dutch seafood: Since 2006, concentrations of contaminants have been measured in approximately twenty seafood products. The contaminants are: organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs, non-dioxin-like PCBs, cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic, PAH, PBDEs and PFAS. 2. Cod liver and hake liver programme: Since 1977, every year samples of cod have been taken at three locations, and of hake at a fourth location, for the cod liver and hake liver programme. The contaminants that are measured in the livers are PCBs, OCPs, PFAS, tributyltin and toxaphene. The purpose of this programme is to identify trends in the level of bioaccumulating compounds in fish, such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The analyses are carried out according to validated and ISO17025-accredited monitoring methods (for heavy metals, dioxins and PCBs) and validated monitoring methods (for other contaminants). The fitness for purpose of the monitoring methods is tested several times a year. WFSR is the national reference laboratory for dioxins, PCBs and metals in food. The monitoring has remained largely unchanged since 2014. PFASs, PBDEs and OCP are now also analysed, but no standards have been established for these compounds yet. Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) have recently attracted the attention of various European organisations, including the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the European Com
Monitoring is necessary to establish whether the concentrations of contaminants in fish and other seafood comply with the agreed national and international standards. These standards are laid down in EU Regulation 1881/2006 for dioxins, PCBs, PAHs and metals. Monitoring must also show whether concentrations are increasing or declining. For measurements in fish and other organisms for human consumption, including crabs, shrimps and shellfish, random samples are taken from different landed species originating from various geographical locations. The monitoring is carried out for the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality. The sampling occurs once a year. Catches from surveys on board research vessels are also used. Fish from both the Dutch section of the North Sea and elsewhere are used. An important criterion is that the collection is representative of the pattern of human consumption. The Netherlands has two programmes to monitor contaminants in fish and seafood for human consumption. Both are carried out by Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR): 1. Monitoring Dutch seafood: Since 2006, concentrations of contaminants have been measured in approximately twenty seafood products. The contaminants are: organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs, non-dioxin-like PCBs, cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic, PAH, PBDEs and PFAS. 2. Cod liver and hake liver programme: Since 1977, every year samples of cod have been taken at three locations, and of hake at a fourth location, for the cod liver and hake liver programme. The contaminants that are measured in the livers are PCBs, OCPs, PFAS, tributyltin and toxaphene. The purpose of this programme is to identify trends in the level of bioaccumulating compounds in fish, such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The analyses are carried out according to validated and ISO17025-accredited monitoring methods (for heavy metals, dioxins and PCBs) and validated monitoring methods (for other contaminants). The fitness for purpose of the monitoring methods is tested several times a year. WFSR is the national reference laboratory for dioxins, PCBs and metals in food. The monitoring has remained largely unchanged since 2014. PFASs, PBDEs and OCP are now also analysed, but no standards have been established for these compounds yet. Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) have recently attracted the attention of various European organisations, including the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the European Com
Monitoring is necessary to establish whether the concentrations of contaminants in fish and other seafood comply with the agreed national and international standards. These standards are laid down in EU Regulation 1881/2006 for dioxins, PCBs, PAHs and metals. Monitoring must also show whether concentrations are increasing or declining. For measurements in fish and other organisms for human consumption, including crabs, shrimps and shellfish, random samples are taken from different landed species originating from various geographical locations. The monitoring is carried out for the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality. The sampling occurs once a year. Catches from surveys on board research vessels are also used. Fish from both the Dutch section of the North Sea and elsewhere are used. An important criterion is that the collection is representative of the pattern of human consumption. The Netherlands has two programmes to monitor contaminants in fish and seafood for human consumption. Both are carried out by Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR): 1. Monitoring Dutch seafood: Since 2006, concentrations of contaminants have been measured in approximately twenty seafood products. The contaminants are: organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs, non-dioxin-like PCBs, cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic, PAH, PBDEs and PFAS. 2. Cod liver and hake liver programme: Since 1977, every year samples of cod have been taken at three locations, and of hake at a fourth location, for the cod liver and hake liver programme. The contaminants that are measured in the livers are PCBs, OCPs, PFAS, tributyltin and toxaphene. The purpose of this programme is to identify trends in the level of bioaccumulating compounds in fish, such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The analyses are carried out according to validated and ISO17025-accredited monitoring methods (for heavy metals, dioxins and PCBs) and validated monitoring methods (for other contaminants). The fitness for purpose of the monitoring methods is tested several times a year. WFSR is the national reference laboratory for dioxins, PCBs and metals in food. The monitoring has remained largely unchanged since 2014. PFASs, PBDEs and OCP are now also analysed, but no standards have been established for these compounds yet. Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) have recently attracted the attention of various European organisations, including the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the European Com
Monitoring is necessary to establish whether the concentrations of contaminants in fish and other seafood comply with the agreed national and international standards. These standards are laid down in EU Regulation 1881/2006 for dioxins, PCBs, PAHs and metals. Monitoring must also show whether concentrations are increasing or declining. For measurements in fish and other organisms for human consumption, including crabs, shrimps and shellfish, random samples are taken from different landed species originating from various geographical locations. The monitoring is carried out for the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality. The sampling occurs once a year. Catches from surveys on board research vessels are also used. Fish from both the Dutch section of the North Sea and elsewhere are used. An important criterion is that the collection is representative of the pattern of human consumption. The Netherlands has two programmes to monitor contaminants in fish and seafood for human consumption. Both are carried out by Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR): 1. Monitoring Dutch seafood: Since 2006, concentrations of contaminants have been measured in approximately twenty seafood products. The contaminants are: organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs, non-dioxin-like PCBs, cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic, PAH, PBDEs and PFAS. 2. Cod liver and hake liver programme: Since 1977, every year samples of cod have been taken at three locations, and of hake at a fourth location, for the cod liver and hake liver programme. The contaminants that are measured in the livers are PCBs, OCPs, PFAS, tributyltin and toxaphene. The purpose of this programme is to identify trends in the level of bioaccumulating compounds in fish, such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The analyses are carried out according to validated and ISO17025-accredited monitoring methods (for heavy metals, dioxins and PCBs) and validated monitoring methods (for other contaminants). The fitness for purpose of the monitoring methods is tested several times a year. WFSR is the national reference laboratory for dioxins, PCBs and metals in food. The monitoring has remained largely unchanged since 2014. PFASs, PBDEs and OCP are now also analysed, but no standards have been established for these compounds yet. Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) have recently attracted the attention of various European organisations, including the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the European Com
Monitoring purpose
  • Pressures in the marine environment
  • Pressures in the marine environment
  • Pressures in the marine environment
  • Pressures in the marine environment
Other policies and conventions
  • Foodstuffs Regulation
  • Foodstuffs Regulation
  • Foodstuffs Regulation
  • Foodstuffs Regulation
Regional cooperation - coordinating body
  • OSPAR
  • OSPAR
  • OSPAR
  • OSPAR
Regional cooperation - countries involved
Regional cooperation - implementation level
Agreed data collection methods
Agreed data collection methods
Agreed data collection methods
Agreed data collection methods
Monitoring details
Features
Contaminants – in seafood
Contaminants – in seafood
Contaminants – in seafood
Contaminants – in seafood
Elements
  • Arsenic and its compounds
  • Cadmium and its compounds
  • Lead and its compounds
  • Mercury and its compounds
  • Brominated diphenylethers (congener numbers 28, 47, 66, 85, 99, 100, 153, 154, and 183)
  • Dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (12 PCB-DLs: 77,81,105,114,118,123,126,156,157,167,169,189)
  • Non-dioxin like PCB (sum of 6 PCB: 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 and 180)
  • Organochlorine pesticides
  • Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances
  • Sum of dioxins (WHO-PCDD/F-TEQ)
  • Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDD)
  • Tributyltin-cation
  • Sum of PAHs (Benzo(a)pyrene, Benzo(b)fluoranthene, Benzo(k)fluoranthene, Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene)
GES criteria
D9C1
D9C1
D9C1
D9C1
Parameters
  • Concentration in biota (total)
  • Concentration in biota – muscle
  • Concentration in biota (total)
  • Concentration in biota – liver
  • Concentration in biota – muscle
  • Concentration in biota – liver
  • Concentration in biota (total)
Parameter Other
Spatial scope
  • Beyond MS Marine Waters
  • EEZ (or similar)
  • Beyond MS Marine Waters
  • EEZ (or similar)
  • Beyond MS Marine Waters
  • EEZ (or similar)
  • Beyond MS Marine Waters
  • EEZ (or similar)
Marine reporting units
  • ANS-NL-MS-1
  • ANS-NL-MS-1
  • ANS-NL-MS-1
  • ANS-NL-MS-1
Temporal scope (start date - end date)
2006-9999
2006-9999
2006-9999
2006-9999
Monitoring frequency
Yearly
Yearly
Yearly
Yearly
Monitoring type
  • In-situ sampling coastal
  • In-situ sampling offshore
  • In-situ sampling coastal
  • In-situ sampling offshore
  • In-situ sampling coastal
  • In-situ sampling offshore
  • In-situ sampling coastal
  • In-situ sampling offshore
Monitoring method
  • Other monitoring method
  • Other monitoring method
  • Other monitoring method
  • Other monitoring method
Monitoring method other
For the WOT programme, each year 15-20 samples of North Sea fish and shellfish are taken and analysed on a wide range of contaminants. Every fish-sample is a mixed sample consisting of the edible parts of 25 individual fishes. http://edepot.wur.nl/274433
For the WOT programme, each year 15-20 samples of North Sea fish and shellfish are taken and analysed on a wide range of contaminants. Every fish-sample is a mixed sample consisting of the edible parts of 25 individual fishes. http://edepot.wur.nl/274433
For the WOT programme, each year 15-20 samples of North Sea fish and shellfish are taken and analysed on a wide range of contaminants. Every fish-sample is a mixed sample consisting of the edible parts of 25 individual fishes. http://edepot.wur.nl/274433
For the WOT programme, each year 15-20 samples of North Sea fish and shellfish are taken and analysed on a wide range of contaminants. Every fish-sample is a mixed sample consisting of the edible parts of 25 individual fishes. http://edepot.wur.nl/274433
Quality control
Aanalysis are carried out according to validated and ISO17025 accredited methods (heavy metals, dioxins and PCBs) and validated measurement methods (other contaminants). Measurement methods are tested several times a year for their suitability for the purpose. Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR) is the national reference laboratory for dioxins, PCBs and metals in food.
Aanalysis are carried out according to validated and ISO17025 accredited methods (heavy metals, dioxins and PCBs) and validated measurement methods (other contaminants). Measurement methods are tested several times a year for their suitability for the purpose. Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR) is the national reference laboratory for dioxins, PCBs and metals in food.
Aanalysis are carried out according to validated and ISO17025 accredited methods (heavy metals, dioxins and PCBs) and validated measurement methods (other contaminants). Measurement methods are tested several times a year for their suitability for the purpose. Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR) is the national reference laboratory for dioxins, PCBs and metals in food.
Aanalysis are carried out according to validated and ISO17025 accredited methods (heavy metals, dioxins and PCBs) and validated measurement methods (other contaminants). Measurement methods are tested several times a year for their suitability for the purpose. Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR) is the national reference laboratory for dioxins, PCBs and metals in food.
Data management
Marine Information and Data Centre Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR)
Marine Information and Data Centre Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR)
Marine Information and Data Centre Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR)
Marine Information and Data Centre Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR)
Data access
Related indicator/name
Contact
https://www.informatiehuismarien.nl/uk/secundaire-navigatie/contact/
https://www.informatiehuismarien.nl/uk/secundaire-navigatie/contact/
https://www.informatiehuismarien.nl/uk/secundaire-navigatie/contact/
https://www.informatiehuismarien.nl/uk/secundaire-navigatie/contact/
References