With recommendation 88/2 OSPAR recommend contracting parties to e.g. take effective national steps in order to reduce nutrient inputs into areas where these inputs are likely, directly or indirectly, to cause pollution, aim to achieve a substantial reduction (of the order of 50%) in inputs of phosphorus and nitrogen.

The North-East Atlantic Environment Strategy (NEAES) 2030 was adopted in 2021 by OSPAR Contracting Parties. The strategy is the means by which OSPAR’s 16 Contracting Parties will implement the OSPAR Convention until 2030 and sets out collective objectives to tackle the challenges facing the ocean; The strategic objectives set out OSPAR’s overarching goals on eutrophication, hazardous substances, radioactive substances, marine litter, protection, conservation and restoration of species and habitats, sustainable use of the marine environment, underwater noise, protecting the seabed, and climate change and ocean acidification. The operational objectives set qualitative and quantitative targets to support achievement of the strategic objectives.

OSPAR developed a Joint Documentation on Coordination of Measures (Marine Strategy Framework Directive) to highlight where there is existing or possible coherence, coordination and cooperation. Thus, the document does not include direct measures. Hence, the response “not known” chosen for the field Measure Purpose.

The measure is taken to stimulate activities that contributes to nutrient uptake from the sea, this in turn reduces the effect of nutrient load and its negative effects on biodiversity and ecosystems. The measure aims to stimulate such aquaculture that provides a net uptake of nutrients.

The measure involves developing and applying policy instruments to stimulate aquaculture that does not involve a net load in sea areas that do not achieve good environmental status, an improvement of nutritional conditions and related biological conditions.

All authorities and municipalities with implementation responsibilities for measures in the Swedish MSFD Programme of Measures, need to annually report on the progress of implementation of measures to the Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management. The reporting mainly relates to the status of the implementation of the measures (activity follow-up), cost follow-up and if relevant, the effect of the measure. The measure has been modified since Sweden’s programme of measure 2015. The modification implies that information on reporting process is clarified and includes follow-up dialogues but also that implementation plans are going to be developed under each measure in the Swedish programmes of measure.

The Industrial Emissions Directive (Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control) is a European Union directive which commits member states to control and reduce the impact of industrial emissions on the environment. The directive aims to lower emissions from industrial production through an integrated approach. The directive uses a polluter pays to assign the cost of the updates to the plant. The plan to lower emissions is based on Best available technology to help reach the goals of the directive. The plan allows for flexibility given the best available technology; exemptions to the directive can be granted to firms as well if the cost is greater than the benefit.

The purpose of the Nitrates Directive (1991) is to protect water quality across Europe by preventing nitrates from agricultural sources polluting ground and surface waters and by promoting the use of good farming practices. Related are also OSPAR recommendations 89/4 and 92/7 but as the purpose of these recommendations have been addressed by the Nitrates Directive, the Waste Framework Directive and the Water Framework Directive, the recommendations have currently been set-aside.

The Directive contains details and provisions that Member States must implement by 2020 and 2030. It sets the reduction of national emissions of certain atmospheric pollutants, harmonises the reporting obligations to the European Union under the Convention on Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) and details emission ceilings for the above-mentioned air pollutants for 2020 and 2030. The air pollutants covered by the Directive are: Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Oxides (NOX), Ammonia (NH3), Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds (NMVOCs) and Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5)

The Regulation sets rules on the control, planning and permission for various environmental activities, such as a fish breeding or wintering of fish; mine extraction of peat, oil, gas, coal, ores, minerals, rock, gravel; food, animal-by products, vegetable and fruit processing and production; wood; metallic and non-metallic products and processing; consumption of organic solvents and other hazardous substances; waste and wastewater treatment. To conduct an environmentally hazardous activity, you must have a permit or there is a notification obligation in order to conduct the activity. In Sweden, there are approximately 6,000 activities that require a permit.

This Act contains provisions on the planning of land, water and construction. The purpose of these provisions is to promote community development and sustainable living environment. The Act regulates urban and rural landscape planning in municipalities, safeguarding cultural sites, management of energy, water, climate, waste, transport and hygiene conditions. Land Reserve and public places: zoning municipalities may determine land reserves allocated for road (traffic and transport) and energy (network and cabling) activities. It may also revoke coastlines by implementing provisions set by the Environmental Code and Environmental Act.

The Convention aims to reduces emissions of long-range transboundary transported air pollutants. The geographic scope of the convention is Europe, USA, Canada, Caucasus and Central Asia, and entered into force in 1983. The convention includes eight protocols with targets and measures for specific pollutants, including the Gothenburg Protocol.

The objective of the Directive is to protect the environment from the adverse effects of urban waste water discharges. It is a so-called minimum directive, which means that individual member states may introduce stricter rules but not have lower requirements. Related are also OSPAR recommendations 89/4 and 92/7 but as the purpose of these recommendations have been addressed by the Nitrates Directive, the Waste Framework Directive and the Water Framework Directive, the recommendations have currently been set-aside.

This Ordinance concerns environmentally hazardous activities as defined in Chapter 9 of the Swedish Environmental Code. It provides for compulsory review of applications to conduct environmentally hazardous activities in accordance with section 6 of Chapter 6 and review of other cases, provides special rules for the establishment of sewage facilities and installations to extract heat from the earth, contains provisions on temporary storage, recycling and removal of special wastes, contains rules relative to environment reporting, provides authority to the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency to issue rules, provides for legal proceedings, etc. The Schedule lists environmentally hazardous activities that must be reported or require authorization in accordance with articles 5 or 21 of this Ordinance.

This Regulation concerns environmental impact assessment as prescribed by Chapter 6 of the Environmental Code. A significant environmental impact assessment shall be carried out in accordance with section 3 of the Code. The implementation of plans, programmes or amendments of those may include an activity or measure that requires authorization pursuant to Chapter 7 § 28 of the Code. It applies to public planning and measures and private sector projects. A plan, programme or amendment indicates the conditions for conducting such activities or taking such measures as are specified in section 6 or the Annex to this Regulation. These include for example: an action programme (according to Chapter 5, Section 8 of the Environmental Code), a waste plan (according to Chapter 15, Section 41 of the Environmental Code), an overview plan (according to the Planning and Building Act 2010: 900), a marine plan according to the Marine Planning Regulation (2015:400), or another plan or program relating to agriculture, forestry, fishing, energy, industry, transport, regional development, waste management, water management, telecommunications, tourism, land-use planning or land use in accordance with Regulation (2018: 2105). The Regulation sets out the criteria for judging whether an activity shall be subject to an environmental impact procedure by county administrative boards and specifies rules for such procedure (including public consultation). It further elaborates if and how an EIA must be carried out. EIA shall be carried out for projects involving water resources. It also provides for assessment of transboundary effects.

The environmental quality objectives describe the quality of the environment that Sweden wishes to achieve. There are 16 of objectives covering different areas – from unpolluted air and lakes free from eutrophication and acidification, to functioning forest and farmland ecosystems. For each objective there are a number of 'specifications', clarifying the state of the environment to be attained. The objectives are: Reduced Climate Impact, Clean Air, Natural Acidification Only, A Non-Toxic Environment, A Protective Ozone Layer, A Safe Radiation Environment, Zero Eutrophication, Flourishing Lakes and Streams, Good-Quality Groundwater, A Balanced Marine Environment, Flourishing Coastal Areas and Archipelagos, Thriving Wetlands, Sustainable Forests, A Varied Agricultural Landscape, A Magnificent Mountain Landscape, A Good Built Environment, A Rich Diversity of Plant and Animal Life. http://naturvardsverket.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1477059/FULLTEXT01.pdf

The Swedish Environmental Code was adopted in 1998 and entered into force 1 January 1999. The rules contained within 15 acts have been amalgamated in this comprehensive and fundamental code on environment. The Code is divided into seven Parts and each Part is divided into Chapters (33 in total). Part 1 contains provisions of general character. Chapter 1 defines objectives and area of application of the Code. Chapter 2 defines general environmental obligations and requirements. Chapter 3 contains basic provisions concerning the management of land and water areas, whereas Chapter 4 contains special provisions concerning land and water management in certain areas in Sweden. Chapter 5 concerns the publication of environmental quality standards and compliance with such standards. Chapter 6 concerns environmental impact statements. Part 2 makes provision for the protection of nature. Chapter 7 provides principally for the protection of areas, i.e. designation of national parks, nature reserves, culture reserves, habitat protection areas, wildlife and plant sanctuaries, shore protection areas, environmental protection areas, water protection areas, and special protection areas and special areas of conservation. Chapter 8 contains special provisions concerning the protection of animal and plant species. Part 3 provides rules that apply to certain activities that may harm the environment. Chapter 9 concerns environmentally hazardous activities and health protection. Chapter 10 deals with to land and water areas, buildings and structures that are so polluted that they may cause damage human health or the environment and provides in particular for responsibility for investigation and after-treatment. Chapter 11 contains provisions relating to specified waterworks and other operations regarding water. Chapter 12 contains rules relative to quarries, agriculture and other activities. Provisions of Chapter 13 shall be applicable to contained use and deliberate release of genetically modified organisms. Chapter 14 concerns chemical products and biotechnical organisms and Chapter 15 waste and producer responsibility in respect of waste. Other provisions of the Code concern valuation and assessment of environmental activities in relation with authorization, legal proceedings, court's decisions, etc. (Part 4), supervision (Part 5), offences, penalties and enforcement (Part 6) and compensation in connection with public interventions and permit application procedures relating to water operation etc, compensation for certain kinds of environmental damage and other private claims, environmental damage insurance and environmental clean-up insurance (Part 7).

The Water Framework Directive (WFD) sets out rules to halt deterioration in the status of European Union (EU) water bodies and achieve ‘good status’ for Europe’s rivers, lakes and groundwater by 2015. It specifically includes: protecting all forms of water (surface, ground, inland and transitional); restoring the ecosystems in and around these bodies of water; reducing pollution in water bodies; guaranteeing sustainable water usage by individuals and businesses. The WFD addresses many land-based preassures and activities that also affect the marine environment. Related are also OSPAR recommendations 89/4 and 92/7 but as the purpose of these recommendations have been addressed by the Nitrates Directive, the Waste Framework Directive and the Water Framework Directive, the recommendations have currently been set-aside.

The HELCOM Contracting Parties have decided on a joint action plan for the Baltic Sea environment, the Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP), adopted in 2007 and updated in 2021. BSAP is HELCOM’s strategic programme of measures and actions for achieving good environmental status of the sea, ultimately leading to a Baltic Sea in a healthy state. The updated plan includes more theme areas and the objectives for the work have also been updated. The updated BSAP is divided into four segments with specific goals: -Biodiversity, with its goal of a “Baltic Sea ecosystem is healthy and resilient”, -Eutrophication, with its goal of a “Baltic Sea unaffected by eutrophication” -Hazardous substances and litter, with its goal of a “Baltic Sea unaffected by hazardous substances and litter”, and -Sea-based activities, with its goal of “Environmentally sustainable sea-based activities”.

The document provides an overview of HELCOM and its contribution to achieving good environmental status in the Baltic Sea Region, e.g. by describing the process and results of the regional coordination of measures and identifies opportunities for improved regional coherence of national measures and for additional joint regional actions. Thus, the document does not include direct measures. Hence, the response “not known” chosen for the field Measure Purpose.

WFD Measures in the Swedish water authorities' River Basin Management Plans intended to also contributing to the 2021 updated MSFD PoM are listed below. The measures are reported at KTM level. The information about the WFD-measures should however be regarded as preliminary since the adoption and subsequent entry into force of the River Basin Management Plans are delayed. Försvarsinspektören för hälsa och miljö 4 Kommunerna 1 Kommunerna 2 Länsstyrelserna 1 Länsstyrelserna 2 Länsstyrelserna 4 Naturvårdsverket 1 Naturvårdsverket 2

WFD Measures in the Swedish water authorities' River Basin Management Plans intended to also contributing to the 2021 updated MSFD PoM are listed below. The measures are reported at KTM level. The information about the WFD-measures should however be regarded as preliminary since the adoption and subsequent entry into force of the River Basin Management Plans are delayed. Havs- och vattenmyndigheten 7 Havs- och vattenmyndigheten 9 Jordbruksverket 1 Jordbruksverket 4 Jordbruksverket 6 Kommunerna 2 Kommunerna 1 Länsstyrelserna 1 Länsstyrelserna 2 Länsstyrelserna 4 Länsstyrelserna 6 Länsstyrelserna 8 Länsstyrelserna 9 Naturvårdsverket 6

WFD Measures in the Swedish water authorities' River Basin Management Plans intended to also contributing to the 2021 updated MSFD PoM are listed below. The measures are reported at KTM level. The information about the WFD-measures should however be regarded as preliminary since the adoption and subsequent entry into force of the River Basin Management Plans are delayed. Jordbruksverket 6 Kemikalieinspektionen 1 Kommunerna 1 Kommunerna 2 Länsstyrelserna 1 Länsstyrelserna 2 Länsstyrelserna 4 Länsstyrelserna 6

WFD Measures in the Swedish water authorities' River Basin Management Plans intended to also contributing to the 2021 updated MSFD PoM are listed below. The measures are reported at KTM level. The information about the WFD-measures should however be regarded as preliminary since the adoption and subsequent entry into force of the River Basin Management Plans are delayed. Havs- och vattenmyndigheten 9 Jordbruksverket 1 Länsstyrelserna 1 Länsstyrelserna 6

WFD Measures in the Swedish water authorities' River Basin Management Plans intended to also contributing to the 2021 updated MSFD PoM are listed below. The measures are reported at KTM level. The information about the WFD-measures should however be regarded as preliminary since the adoption and subsequent entry into force of the River Basin Management Plans are delayed. Jordbruksverket 6 Kommunerna 2 Länsstyrelserna 2 Länsstyrelserna 4 Naturvårdsverket 1

WFD Measures in the Swedish water authorities' River Basin Management Plans intended to also contributing to the 2021 updated MSFD PoM are listed below. The measures are reported at KTM level. The information about the WFD-measures should however be regarded as preliminary since the adoption and subsequent entry into force of the River Basin Management Plans are delayed. Boverket 1 Försvarsinspektören för hälsa och miljö 4 Havs- och vattenmyndigheten 1 Kommunerna 1 Kommunerna 2 Kommunerna 4 Kommunerna 5 Länsstyrelserna 1 Länsstyrelserna 2 Länsstyrelserna 4 Naturvårdsverket 7

WFD Measures in the Swedish water authorities' River Basin Management Plans intended to also contributing to the 2021 updated MSFD PoM are listed below. The measures are reported at KTM level. The information about the WFD-measures should however be regarded as preliminary since the adoption and subsequent entry into force of the River Basin Management Plans are delayed. Länsstyrelserna 1 Naturvårdsverket 6 Skogsstyrelsen 2 Skogsstyrelsen 3