This measure is part of the work to achieve good environmental status regarding hazardous substances. It aims to limit the dispersal of contaminants, mainly from the wreck area west of Måseskär, but also from other areas where dumped material is found and where commercial fishing with bottom impact takes place.

Within the measure, experiences from risk analysis and risk management of contaminated sediments at completed objects are compiled. The measure also works for a technological development in the area of contaminated sediments, which altogether contributes to introducing cost-effective measures of contaminated sediments in order to contribute to achieve good environmental status. The measure has been modified since Sweden’s programme of measure 2015. The modification implies that a few activities have been excluded (e.g. distribute funds for control projects of contaminated sediments in the most important areas from the perspective of the marine environment, ensure that sediment is included to a greater extent in the investigations carried out of contaminated areas) as these have not been in the mandate of responsible organisation for implementing the measure (the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency). In addition, the activity of compiling experiences from risk analysis and risk management has been expanded to also promote technological development in the area, which contributes to introducing cost-effective measures.

Cooperation between a number of countries in the North Sea region. Established in 1969 and concerns surveillance as an aid to detecting and combating pollution at sea. The countries jointly develop their ability to respond in the event of pollution incidents or to a threat of pollution.

The North-East Atlantic Environment Strategy (NEAES) 2030 was adopted in 2021 by OSPAR Contracting Parties. The strategy is the means by which OSPAR’s 16 Contracting Parties will implement the OSPAR Convention until 2030 and sets out collective objectives to tackle the challenges facing the ocean; The strategic objectives set out OSPAR’s overarching goals on eutrophication, hazardous substances, radioactive substances, marine litter, protection, conservation and restoration of species and habitats, sustainable use of the marine environment, underwater noise, protecting the seabed, and climate change and ocean acidification. The operational objectives set qualitative and quantitative targets to support achievement of the strategic objectives.

OSPAR developed a Joint Documentation on Coordination of Measures (Marine Strategy Framework Directive) to highlight where there is existing or possible coherence, coordination and cooperation. Thus, the document does not include direct measures. Hence, the response “not known” chosen for the field Measure Purpose.

The measure shall develop a guide for cleaning ship hulls. The guide shall describes how supervisory authorities (municipalities, County Administrative Boards) will conduct their supervision of the activity. It will also include guidelines on what requirements are to be set for filtration and disposal of biological fouling, requirements for technology to minimize the spread of hazardous substances during the activity and requirements for environmentally friendly disposal of the collected material from the cleaning. The measure has been modified since Sweden’s programme of measure 2015. Modification of the measure implies that the measure now is focused on the disposal of hazardous substances and biological growth on ship hulls, hulls of recreational boats are included in ÅPH 17. Therefore, the measure is no longer linked to the environmental target B.2. Regional coordination: Helcom’s Baltic Sea Action Plan, BSAP, includes similar measure on sustainable technologies against hull growth (e.g. measure S9), coordination in implementation will be sought where relevant.

The measure includes several activities to reduce the spread of contaminants from recreational boats. This includes investigating the reason for the continued spread of TBT and other hazardous substances from soil and sediments, investigate the need for further regulation and work to establish relevant regulations to address this. The measure also aims to establish guidelines with regard to hull cleaning and other maintenance activities of leisure boats, this is done in order to prevent the spread of TBT and others hazardous substances to the marine environment, but also introduction and spread of (invasive) alien species and micro plastic. Based on this, inspection guidelines should be developed. The measure has been modified since Sweden’s programme of measure 2015. The modification implies that the measure focuses on investigating the cause of continued supply of tributyltin (TBT) and other hazardous substances and the need for further regulation in relation to land and sediment in connection with recreational boat use. Another change is that the measure will develop guidelines for hull maintenance of recreational boats to prevent the spread of TBT, other dangerous substances and alien species. Regional coordination: Helcom’s Baltic Sea Action Plan, BSAP, includes similar measure on biocides on recreational boats (e.g. measure HL29), coordination in implementation will be sought if relevant.

The overall purpose of the measure is to identify and, in the long term, regulate hazardous substances that are released from treatment plants in such quantities that they risk affecting the marine environment negatively. Through this, the measure contributes to a more uniform and substantiated assessment of the current impact from sewage treatment plants on the aquatic environment and the need for action.

All authorities and municipalities with implementation responsibilities for measures in the Swedish MSFD Programme of Measures, need to annually report on the progress of implementation of measures to the Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management. The reporting mainly relates to the status of the implementation of the measures (activity follow-up), cost follow-up and if relevant, the effect of the measure. The measure has been modified since Sweden’s programme of measure 2015. The modification implies that information on reporting process is clarified and includes follow-up dialogues but also that implementation plans are going to be developed under each measure in the Swedish programmes of measure.

This measure aims to minimise the environmental impact from shipping in four areas: ii) Minimize leakage of mineral oil (as lubricant oil) from ship stern tubes. iii) Limit PFAS in fire-fighting foam and minimize use in tests and fire drills at sea. iiii) Restriction on shipping to release hazardous substances in scrubber water. (iiv) Limitation of emissions of cargo residues with a negative environmental impact in the Baltic Sea. Regional cooperation: Similar measures are included in Helcom’s Baltic Sea Action Plan, BSAP (e.g. measures HL28, S16) and also planned within the framework of Finland’s PoM. Co-operation in the implementation of the measures will be sought if relevant.

There is currently no function to provide ecotoxicological and marine biological expertise to affected municipalities in case of a major oil spill or similar pollution accident. As this is a very rare event, limited knowledge exists among the municipalities. This measure aims to provide expert support that; have knowledge of and can explain the environmental impact of different types of oils, can provide advice on environmental priorities at sea and on land in the event of minor or major oil accidents, as well as understanding contingency planning, rescue services operations and remediation methods. This will guide responders to minimise environmental impacts from oil spills, response, and clean-up. Regional cooperation Helcom’s Baltic Sea Action Plan, BSAP, includes similar measure (e.g. measure S30).

At elevated levels, the substances copper and zinc are toxic to aquatic organisms. This measure aims to reduce the use of anti-fouling paints on leisure boats through work both within the EU and nationally. It is specifically aimed at reducing the impact of copper and zinc. Regional cooperation: Similar measures are included in Helcom’s Baltic Sea Action Plan, BSAP, related to biocide-containing boat bottom paints, also for recreational boats (e.g. measures HL29) and also planned within the framework of Finland’s PoM. Co-operation in the implementation of the measures will be sought if relevant.

The aim of this measure is to reduce the input of hazardous substances from human activities until it does not cause levels that prevent good environmental status from being achieved. There is therefore a need for an active phase-out process or ban of two-stroke engines with carburettors on leisure boats, which will lead to a significant reduction in the input of uncombusted fuel (including PAHs) to the marine environment. Regional cooperation: Several actions in Helcom’s Baltic Sea Action Plan, BSAP, are in line with activities in this measure, (e.g. measure S13 and S24),

The Industrial Emissions Directive (Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control) is a European Union directive which commits member states to control and reduce the impact of industrial emissions on the environment. The directive aims to lower emissions from industrial production through an integrated approach. The directive uses a polluter pays to assign the cost of the updates to the plant. The plan to lower emissions is based on Best available technology to help reach the goals of the directive. The plan allows for flexibility given the best available technology; exemptions to the directive can be granted to firms as well if the cost is greater than the benefit.

The Regulation sets rules on the control, planning and permission for various environmental activities, such as a fish breeding or wintering of fish; mine extraction of peat, oil, gas, coal, ores, minerals, rock, gravel; food, animal-by products, vegetable and fruit processing and production; wood; metallic and non-metallic products and processing; consumption of organic solvents and other hazardous substances; waste and wastewater treatment. To conduct an environmentally hazardous activity, you must have a permit or there is a notification obligation in order to conduct the activity. In Sweden, there are approximately 6,000 activities that require a permit.

This Act contains provisions on the planning of land, water and construction. The purpose of these provisions is to promote community development and sustainable living environment. The Act regulates urban and rural landscape planning in municipalities, safeguarding cultural sites, management of energy, water, climate, waste, transport and hygiene conditions. Land Reserve and public places: zoning municipalities may determine land reserves allocated for road (traffic and transport) and energy (network and cabling) activities. It may also revoke coastlines by implementing provisions set by the Environmental Code and Environmental Act.

The EU Regulation on mercury is one of the global efforts to reduce the risk of humans and environment being exposed to mercury. The Regulation restricts the import of mercury and certain mixtures of mercury to the EU. Export of mercury to countries outside the EU is also banned. The Regulation also includes rules on certain types of products that contain mercury, use of amalgam, use of mercury in industrial activities and how mercury waste shall be stored and disposed of.

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are regulated worldwide by the Stockholm Convention. These legislations are implemented in the European Union by the POPs Regulation (EU) No 2019/1021. The POPs Regulation prohibits or restricts the manufacture and use of POPs substances. The regulation also contains provisions on POPs that have been inadvertently formed, as well as waste management and environmental monitoring of POPs. Sweden has also adopted National Implementation Plans which describe what Sweden has done and intends to do to fulfil the obligations of the Stockholm Convention https://www.kemi.se/internationellt-samarbete/internationella-konventioner-och-overenskommelser/stockholmskonventionen---amnen-och-genomforandeplan

The Convention aims to reduces emissions of long-range transboundary transported air pollutants. The geographic scope of the convention is Europe, USA, Canada, Caucasus and Central Asia, and entered into force in 1983. The convention includes eight protocols with targets and measures for specific pollutants, including the Gothenburg Protocol.

The regulation prohibits TBT on ships and that organotin compounds which act as biocides in anti-fouling systems shall not be applied or reapplied on ships. Thus, it is forbidden to use Swedish ships that are not complies with the provisions of the AFS Regulation.

REACH is a regulation of the European Union and concerns registration, evaluation, permits and restrictions of chemical substances. It also contains requirements for users of chemicals. In principle, REACH applies to all chemical substances.

This EU regulation aims to improve the functioning of the biocidal products market in the EU and that biocidal products must be approved to be placed on market and be used. The regulation ensures a high level of protection both for human and animal health and the environment.

The objective of the Directive is to protect the environment from the adverse effects of urban waste water discharges. It is a so-called minimum directive, which means that individual member states may introduce stricter rules but not have lower requirements. Related are also OSPAR recommendations 89/4 and 92/7 but as the purpose of these recommendations have been addressed by the Nitrates Directive, the Waste Framework Directive and the Water Framework Directive, the recommendations have currently been set-aside.

The national regulation (1998:944) contains specific rules, bans and restrictions for handling of some specific chemical products. The Swedish Chemical Agency’s Regulations (KIFS 2017:7) is complementary to both EU regulations and Swedish law concerning chemical products and contain rules for hazardous chemical products regarding storage, notification to the product register, and permit requirements.

This Act defines the duties and powers of the Coast Guard of Sweden and coast guard officers for purposes of this Act and law enforcement. It also sets out the means of inspections and enforcement. The Act defines the relationship with other Acts. As for direct law enforcement measures, they may be used in relation to offences defined by the, among other things, under the Hunting Act 1987, the Fisheries Act of 1993, and the Act on the Fisheries Policy of the European Union of 1994. Enforcement shall also be done with respect to environmental offences. The Act shall apply to some land areas and inland waters (freshwater pollution). The Coast Guard shall, in general, carry out surveillance over the Swedish territorial waters and the EEZ. In particular, the Coast Guard shall also carry out control and supervision tasks in the field of fisheries, wildlife protection, protection of the environment, etc.

An Act to prohibit the pollution of the marine environment by ships, regulate the discharge of polluted substances by ships, the construction of ships, and other matters for the prevention of pollution. The Act is divided into 11 Chapters: Introductory provisions (1); prohibition of pollution by ships (2); Acceptance of polluted ballast and tank water of ships and other matters (3); Construction of ships (4); Log books and other matters (5); Supervision (6); Particular provisions regarding pollution (7); Water pollution charge (8); Complaints (9); Liability (10); Miscellaneous (11). Section 2 of Chapter 2 concerns discharge of oil in the Swedish territorial sea, the EEZ and the Baltic. Oil shall be discharged in prescribed places (Chapter 3). The ordinance includes more details on these prohibitions, e.g. from ships' anti-fouling system, oil spills, emissions of chemicals and harmful liquid substances in bulk, discharges of harmful liquid substances, receipt of waste from ships.

This Act delimits the Exclusive Economic Zone of Sweden and deals summarily with the protection of the marine environment, the utilisation of marine resources, scientific research, supervision, applicable law, and prescribes penalties. The economic zone of Sweden is an area outside of the territorial boundary prescribed by the Government. With regard to fishing in the economic zone, the Fisheries Act 1993:787 shall apply (sect. 5). Section 9 concerns marine research in the EEZ. Remaining provisions concern control and offences.

The law includes provisions that apply to leisure boats. Manufacturers and importers of the products are responsible for ensuring that the products meet essential safety and environmental requirements when they are placed on the market.

The Waste Framework Directive sets the basic concepts and definitions related to waste management, including definitions of waste, recycling and recovery. It also lays down some basic waste management principles.

This Ordinance concerns environmentally hazardous activities as defined in Chapter 9 of the Swedish Environmental Code. It provides for compulsory review of applications to conduct environmentally hazardous activities in accordance with section 6 of Chapter 6 and review of other cases, provides special rules for the establishment of sewage facilities and installations to extract heat from the earth, contains provisions on temporary storage, recycling and removal of special wastes, contains rules relative to environment reporting, provides authority to the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency to issue rules, provides for legal proceedings, etc. The Schedule lists environmentally hazardous activities that must be reported or require authorization in accordance with articles 5 or 21 of this Ordinance.

This Regulation concerns environmental impact assessment as prescribed by Chapter 6 of the Environmental Code. A significant environmental impact assessment shall be carried out in accordance with section 3 of the Code. The implementation of plans, programmes or amendments of those may include an activity or measure that requires authorization pursuant to Chapter 7 § 28 of the Code. It applies to public planning and measures and private sector projects. A plan, programme or amendment indicates the conditions for conducting such activities or taking such measures as are specified in section 6 or the Annex to this Regulation. These include for example: an action programme (according to Chapter 5, Section 8 of the Environmental Code), a waste plan (according to Chapter 15, Section 41 of the Environmental Code), an overview plan (according to the Planning and Building Act 2010: 900), a marine plan according to the Marine Planning Regulation (2015:400), or another plan or program relating to agriculture, forestry, fishing, energy, industry, transport, regional development, waste management, water management, telecommunications, tourism, land-use planning or land use in accordance with Regulation (2018: 2105). The Regulation sets out the criteria for judging whether an activity shall be subject to an environmental impact procedure by county administrative boards and specifies rules for such procedure (including public consultation). It further elaborates if and how an EIA must be carried out. EIA shall be carried out for projects involving water resources. It also provides for assessment of transboundary effects.

The environmental quality objectives describe the quality of the environment that Sweden wishes to achieve. There are 16 of objectives covering different areas – from unpolluted air and lakes free from eutrophication and acidification, to functioning forest and farmland ecosystems. For each objective there are a number of 'specifications', clarifying the state of the environment to be attained. The objectives are: Reduced Climate Impact, Clean Air, Natural Acidification Only, A Non-Toxic Environment, A Protective Ozone Layer, A Safe Radiation Environment, Zero Eutrophication, Flourishing Lakes and Streams, Good-Quality Groundwater, A Balanced Marine Environment, Flourishing Coastal Areas and Archipelagos, Thriving Wetlands, Sustainable Forests, A Varied Agricultural Landscape, A Magnificent Mountain Landscape, A Good Built Environment, A Rich Diversity of Plant and Animal Life. http://naturvardsverket.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1477059/FULLTEXT01.pdf

The Swedish Environmental Code was adopted in 1998 and entered into force 1 January 1999. The rules contained within 15 acts have been amalgamated in this comprehensive and fundamental code on environment. The Code is divided into seven Parts and each Part is divided into Chapters (33 in total). Part 1 contains provisions of general character. Chapter 1 defines objectives and area of application of the Code. Chapter 2 defines general environmental obligations and requirements. Chapter 3 contains basic provisions concerning the management of land and water areas, whereas Chapter 4 contains special provisions concerning land and water management in certain areas in Sweden. Chapter 5 concerns the publication of environmental quality standards and compliance with such standards. Chapter 6 concerns environmental impact statements. Part 2 makes provision for the protection of nature. Chapter 7 provides principally for the protection of areas, i.e. designation of national parks, nature reserves, culture reserves, habitat protection areas, wildlife and plant sanctuaries, shore protection areas, environmental protection areas, water protection areas, and special protection areas and special areas of conservation. Chapter 8 contains special provisions concerning the protection of animal and plant species. Part 3 provides rules that apply to certain activities that may harm the environment. Chapter 9 concerns environmentally hazardous activities and health protection. Chapter 10 deals with to land and water areas, buildings and structures that are so polluted that they may cause damage human health or the environment and provides in particular for responsibility for investigation and after-treatment. Chapter 11 contains provisions relating to specified waterworks and other operations regarding water. Chapter 12 contains rules relative to quarries, agriculture and other activities. Provisions of Chapter 13 shall be applicable to contained use and deliberate release of genetically modified organisms. Chapter 14 concerns chemical products and biotechnical organisms and Chapter 15 waste and producer responsibility in respect of waste. Other provisions of the Code concern valuation and assessment of environmental activities in relation with authorization, legal proceedings, court's decisions, etc. (Part 4), supervision (Part 5), offences, penalties and enforcement (Part 6) and compensation in connection with public interventions and permit application procedures relating to water operation etc, compensation for certain kinds of environmental damage and other private claims, environmental damage insurance and environmental clean-up insurance (Part 7).

The Water Framework Directive (WFD) sets out rules to halt deterioration in the status of European Union (EU) water bodies and achieve ‘good status’ for Europe’s rivers, lakes and groundwater by 2015. It specifically includes: protecting all forms of water (surface, ground, inland and transitional); restoring the ecosystems in and around these bodies of water; reducing pollution in water bodies; guaranteeing sustainable water usage by individuals and businesses. The WFD addresses many land-based preassures and activities that also affect the marine environment. Related are also OSPAR recommendations 89/4 and 92/7 but as the purpose of these recommendations have been addressed by the Nitrates Directive, the Waste Framework Directive and the Water Framework Directive, the recommendations have currently been set-aside.

The HELCOM Contracting Parties have decided on a joint action plan for the Baltic Sea environment, the Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP), adopted in 2007 and updated in 2021. BSAP is HELCOM’s strategic programme of measures and actions for achieving good environmental status of the sea, ultimately leading to a Baltic Sea in a healthy state. The updated plan includes more theme areas and the objectives for the work have also been updated. The updated BSAP is divided into four segments with specific goals: -Biodiversity, with its goal of a “Baltic Sea ecosystem is healthy and resilient”, -Eutrophication, with its goal of a “Baltic Sea unaffected by eutrophication” -Hazardous substances and litter, with its goal of a “Baltic Sea unaffected by hazardous substances and litter”, and -Sea-based activities, with its goal of “Environmentally sustainable sea-based activities”.

The document provides an overview of HELCOM and its contribution to achieving good environmental status in the Baltic Sea Region, e.g. by describing the process and results of the regional coordination of measures and identifies opportunities for improved regional coherence of national measures and for additional joint regional actions. Thus, the document does not include direct measures. Hence, the response “not known” chosen for the field Measure Purpose.

WFD Measures in the Swedish water authorities' River Basin Management Plans intended to also contributing to the 2021 updated MSFD PoM are listed below. The measures are reported at KTM level. The information about the WFD-measures should however be regarded as preliminary since the adoption and subsequent entry into force of the River Basin Management Plans are delayed. Försvarsinspektören för hälsa och miljö 4 Kommunerna 1 Kommunerna 2 Länsstyrelserna 1 Länsstyrelserna 2 Länsstyrelserna 4 Naturvårdsverket 1 Naturvårdsverket 2

WFD Measures in the Swedish water authorities' River Basin Management Plans intended to also contributing to the 2021 updated MSFD PoM are listed below. The measures are reported at KTM level. The information about the WFD-measures should however be regarded as preliminary since the adoption and subsequent entry into force of the River Basin Management Plans are delayed. Havs- och vattenmyndigheten 7 Havs- och vattenmyndigheten 9 Jordbruksverket 1 Jordbruksverket 4 Jordbruksverket 6 Kommunerna 2 Kommunerna 1 Länsstyrelserna 1 Länsstyrelserna 2 Länsstyrelserna 4 Länsstyrelserna 6 Länsstyrelserna 8 Länsstyrelserna 9 Naturvårdsverket 6

WFD Measures in the Swedish water authorities' River Basin Management Plans intended to also contributing to the 2021 updated MSFD PoM are listed below. The measures are reported at KTM level. The information about the WFD-measures should however be regarded as preliminary since the adoption and subsequent entry into force of the River Basin Management Plans are delayed. Jordbruksverket 6 Kemikalieinspektionen 1 Kommunerna 1 Kommunerna 2 Länsstyrelserna 1 Länsstyrelserna 2 Länsstyrelserna 4 Länsstyrelserna 6

WFD Measures in the Swedish water authorities' River Basin Management Plans intended to also contributing to the 2021 updated MSFD PoM are listed below. The measures are reported at KTM level. The information about the WFD-measures should however be regarded as preliminary since the adoption and subsequent entry into force of the River Basin Management Plans are delayed. Kommunerna 1 Kommunerna 2 Länsstyrelserna 1 Länsstyrelserna 2 Länsstyrelserna 4 Länsstyrelserna 10 Naturvårdsverket 3 Naturvårdsverket 8 Statens Geotekniska Institut (SGI) 1

WFD Measures in the Swedish water authorities' River Basin Management Plans intended to also contributing to the 2021 updated MSFD PoM are listed below. The measures are reported at KTM level. The information about the WFD-measures should however be regarded as preliminary since the adoption and subsequent entry into force of the River Basin Management Plans are delayed. Jordbruksverket 6 Kommunerna 2 Länsstyrelserna 2 Länsstyrelserna 4 Naturvårdsverket 1

WFD Measures in the Swedish water authorities' River Basin Management Plans intended to also contributing to the 2021 updated MSFD PoM are listed below. The measures are reported at KTM level. The information about the WFD-measures should however be regarded as preliminary since the adoption and subsequent entry into force of the River Basin Management Plans are delayed. Boverket 1 Försvarsinspektören för hälsa och miljö 4 Havs- och vattenmyndigheten 1 Kommunerna 1 Kommunerna 2 Kommunerna 4 Kommunerna 5 Länsstyrelserna 1 Länsstyrelserna 2 Länsstyrelserna 4 Naturvårdsverket 7