MS/Art8esa/2018/Sweden — Marine Information System for Europe

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Member State report / Art8esa / 2018 / Sweden

Report type	Member State report to Commission
MSFD Article	Art. 8.1c Economic and social analysis
Report due	2018-10-15
Member State	Sweden
Reported by	Havs- och vattenmyndigheten
Report date	2020-07-06
Report access	msfd2018-ART8_ESA_SE.xml

Baltic Sea

Simplified table

Marine reporting unit	BAL-SE-RG-Ostersjon	BAL-SE-RG-Ostersjon	BAL-SE-RG-Ostersjon	BAL-SE-RG-Ostersjon	BAL-SE-RG-Ostersjon	BAL-SE-RG-Ostersjon	BAL-SE-RG-Ostersjon	BAL-SE-RG-Ostersjon	BAL-SE-RG-Ostersjon	BAL-SE-RG-Ostersjon	BAL-SE-RG-Ostersjon
Feature	Aquaculture - marine, including infrastructure	Fish and shellfish harvesting (professional, recreational)	Fish and shellfish harvesting (professional, recreational)	Fish and shellfish processing	Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure	Research, survey and educational activities	Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials	All activities related to tourism and leisure	All activities related to tourism and leisure	Transport infrastructure	Transport - shipping
NACE codes	Marine aquaculture			Manufacture of prepared meals and dishes Processing and preserving of fish, crustaceans and molluscs Retail sale of fish, crustaceans and molluscs in specialised stores Wholesale of other food, including fish, crustaceans and molluscs	Production of electricity	Driving school activities Engineering activities and related technical consultancy Other research and experimental development on natural sciences and engineering	Construction of water projects	Camping grounds, recreational vehicle parks and trailer parks Holiday and other short-stay accommodation Hotels and similar accommodation Manufacture of sports goods Other amusement and recreation activities Other reservation service and related activities Rental and leasing of recreational and sports goods Restaurants and mobile food service activities	Camping grounds, recreational vehicle parks and trailer parks Holiday and other short-stay accommodation Hotels and similar accommodation Manufacture of sports goods Other amusement and recreation activities Other reservation service and related activities Rental and leasing of recreational and sports goods Restaurants and mobile food service activities	Cargo handling Other transportation support activities Service activities incidental to water transportation	Sea and coastal freight water transport Sea and coastal passenger water transport
Related GES component
Description		Data is collected from The 2017 Annual Economic Report on the EU Fishing Fleet (STECF 2017). The presented data is for 2014, the same year as for all other sectors in the analysis. The production value refers to value of landings.		For NACE- code 1085 PRODCOM (Prodcom provides statistics on the production of manufactured goods) is used to identify goods that are defined as marine. For NACE-cod 4638 microdata from the SCB Company Database (FDB) is used to identify workplaces and associated companies that are marine.	The NACE-code for energy includes all type of energy. The offshore energy produces about 0,6 TWh/ year, which corresponds to about 0,4 % of the total energy production in Sweden. The net turnover from offshore energy is assessed as 0,4 % of the total net turnover for the total energy sector. This result in a value of 47 million Euro in net turnover for Swedish offshore energy in 2014. All Swedish off shore energy sites are located in the Baltic Sea.	All the reported NACE-code under this feature represent sectors that are partly marine. To identify these microdata consisting of individual workplaces and associated companies from the SCB Company Database (FDB) is used. FDB is a register of all companies, authorities, organizations and their workplaces in Sweden.		The economic data provided represent all economic activitie for each of the NACE-codes within 1 km from the coastline. For NACE- code 3230 PRODCOM (Prodcom provides statistics on the production of manufactured goods) is used to identify goods that are defined as marine. For NACE-cod 7721 microdata from the SCB Company Database (FDB) is used to identify workplaces and associated companies that are marine.		For NACE-cod 5229 microdata from the SCB Company Database (FDB) is used to identify workplaces and associated companies that are marine
Employment (direct *1000 FTE)	12.0	378.0		1433.0		104.0	442.0	31646.0		3419.0	4722.0
Production value (€ million)	2.0	44.0		224.0		14.0	81.0	5017.0		951.0	1140.0
Value added (€ million)	1.0	23.0		81.0		2.0	31.0	1645.0		370.0	175.0
Related pressures	Eutrophication Input or spread of non-indigenous species	Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter) Physical disturbance to seabed			Continuous low frequency sound Physical loss of the seabed		Hydrographical changes Physical loss of the seabed	Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter) Input of other substances (e.g. synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) - diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition, acute events Physical loss of the seabed		Hydrographical changes Physical loss of the seabed	Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input of other substances (e.g. synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) - diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition, acute events Input or spread of non-indigenous species
Related indicators
Related ecosystem services	Algal seafood from aquaculture Animals from in-situ aquaculture Bio-remediation by micro-organisms, algae, plants, and animals Disease control Educational Filtration/sequestration/storage/accumulation by ecosystems Filtration/sequestration/storage/accumulation by micro-organisms, algae, plants, and animals Genetic materials from all biota Maintaining Nursery Populations and Habitats Pest control Scientific Wild plants, algae and their outputs	Bio-remediation by micro-organisms, algae, plants, and animals Chemical condition of salt waters Disease control Educational Filtration/sequestration/storage/accumulation by ecosystems Filtration/sequestration/storage/accumulation by micro-organisms, algae, plants, and animals Genetic materials from all biota Global climate regulation by reduction of greenhouse gas concentrations Heritage, cultural Maintaining Nursery Populations and Habitats Pest control Scientific Wild animals and their outputs Wild plants, algae and their outputs			Educational Global climate regulation by reduction of greenhouse gas concentrations Scientific		All ecosystem services related to mediation of flows Bio-remediation by micro-organisms, algae, plants, and animals Educational Filtration/sequestration/storage/accumulation by ecosystems Filtration/sequestration/storage/accumulation by micro-organisms, algae, plants, and animals Scientific	All ecosystem services related to mediation of waste, toxics and other nuisances All ecosystem services underpinning spiritual, symbolic and other interactions Chemical condition of salt waters Educational Experiential use of plants, animals and land-/seascapes in different environmental settings Fibres and other materials from plants, algae and animals for direct use or processing Global climate regulation by reduction of greenhouse gas concentrations Heritage, cultural Maintaining Nursery Populations and Habitats Physical use of land-/seascapes in different environmental settings Scientific Wild animals and their outputs Wild plants, algae and their outputs		Buffering and attenuation of mass flows Flood protection Global climate regulation by reduction of greenhouse gas concentrations Heritage, cultural Mass stabilisation and control of erosion rates	Flood protection Global climate regulation by reduction of greenhouse gas concentrations Heritage, cultural Mass stabilisation and control of erosion rates
Cost of degradation: description			Ecosystem analysis The ecosystem services analysis uses The Swedish ecosystem service classification which is based on Millenium Ecosystem Assemnet (2004) classification, adapted for the national marine waters of Sweden. The same classification were used in Sweden´s previous initial assessment (2012) and for the economic analysis in the program of measures (2016). The results of the analysis showed that many of the ecosystem services that fishing is dependent upon is less than good: S2 Primary production, S4 Biodiversity, R3 Eutrophication, R4 Biological status is assed to moderate and status for P1 Food, S5 Habitat, S3 Food is assed to bad. Hence, the flow of ecosystem services that fisheries are dependent on is limited compared to a scenario with god environmental status in the Swedish marine area.						The ecosystem services analysis uses The Swedish ecosystem service classification which is based on Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2004) classification, adapted for the national marine waters of Sweden. The same classification were used in Sweden´s previous initial assessment (2012) and for the economic analysis in the program of measures (2016). The results of the analysis showed that many of the ecosystem services that marine tourism is dependent upon is less than good: S1 Recreation, S2 Aesthetic Value , S4 Cultural heritage, S6 Natural heritage is assed to moderate. Therefore there is a constraint for the marine tourism sector given by today statues of ecosystem services, assuming that their status will be good in a scenario when god environmental statues is achieved.
Cost of degradation: approach			Ecosystem services						Ecosystem services
Cost of degradation: type			Transaction costs						Transaction costs
Cost of degradation: results			Cost of degradation for fisheries: 54 million euro per year in landing value The cost of limited flow of ecosystem services is assed using results from an Bio-economic model of European fleets presented in En rättvis fiskeuppgörelse för Sverige – Hur det svenska fisket kan förvaltas i allmänhetens intresse ( New Economics Foundation (2017). The results presented showed the value of fisheries in a scenario with good environmental status. For Swedish fisheries the landings would increase with 150 000 ton per year resulting in an increase in landing value of 130 million euro per year compared to 2014. The assessment is based on the assumption that the increase in landings have the same proportions between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea as it has been for the last five years ( 2011-2016).						Cost of degradation marine tourism sector: loss in producer surplus 409 million euro per year There is a cost of degradation for the marine tourism sector because of today’s statues of ecosystem services. This cost is analysed comparing the producer surplus of the sector with current statues of ecosystem services statues today, with a scenario with good environmental status. The analysis is based on assumptions from a study from Boston Consulting Group (2013) about the growth in the marine tourism sector in a scenario with good environmental status. The result are based on the assumption that the economic value will increase by the same proportion in the North Sea and the Baltic Sea. Cost of recreation for marine and costal recreation: 297-415 million euros The value of marine and costal recreation is assed in HOLAS II (HELCOM, 2018). The results are estimated using a travel cost approach, based on data from a standardized survey of households in all Baltic Sea countries (Czajkowski et al. 2015). The study includes all of the Swedish marine sea basins except for Skagerrak.
Related indicators

NE Atlantic: Greater North Sea

Simplified table

Marine reporting unit	ANS-SE-SR-Nordsjon	ANS-SE-SR-Nordsjon	ANS-SE-SR-Nordsjon	ANS-SE-SR-Nordsjon	ANS-SE-SR-Nordsjon	ANS-SE-SR-Nordsjon	ANS-SE-SR-Nordsjon	ANS-SE-SR-Nordsjon	ANS-SE-SR-Nordsjon	ANS-SE-SR-Nordsjon
Feature	Aquaculture - marine, including infrastructure	Fish and shellfish harvesting (professional, recreational)	Fish and shellfish harvesting (professional, recreational)	Fish and shellfish processing	Research, survey and educational activities	Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials	All activities related to tourism and leisure	All activities related to tourism and leisure	Transport infrastructure	Transport - shipping
NACE codes	Marine aquaculture			Manufacture of prepared meals and dishes Processing and preserving of fish, crustaceans and molluscs Retail sale of fish, crustaceans and molluscs in specialised stores Wholesale of other food, including fish, crustaceans and molluscs	Driving school activities Engineering activities and related technical consultancy Other research and experimental development on natural sciences and engineering	Construction of water projects	Camping grounds, recreational vehicle parks and trailer parks Holiday and other short-stay accommodation Hotels and similar accommodation Manufacture of sports goods Other amusement and recreation activities Other reservation service and related activities Rental and leasing of recreational and sports goods Restaurants and mobile food service activities	Camping grounds, recreational vehicle parks and trailer parks Holiday and other short-stay accommodation Hotels and similar accommodation Manufacture of sports goods Other amusement and recreation activities Other reservation service and related activities Rental and leasing of recreational and sports goods Restaurants and mobile food service activities	Cargo handling Other transportation support activities Service activities incidental to water transportation	Sea and coastal freight water transport Sea and coastal passenger water transport
Related GES component
Description		Data is collected from The 2017 Annual Economic Report on the EU Fishing Fleet (STECF 2016). The presented data is for 2014, the same year as for all other sectors in the analysis. The production value refers to value of landings.		For NACE- code 1085 PRODCOM (Prodcom provides statistics on the production of manufactured goods) is used to identify goods that are defined as marine. For NACE-cod 4638 microdata from the SCB Company Database (FDB) is used to identify workplaces and associated companies that are marine.	All the reported NACE-code under this feature represent sectors that are partly marine. To identify these microdata consisting of individual workplaces and associated companies from the SCB Company Database (FDB) is used. FDB is a register of all companies, authorities, organizations and their workplaces in Sweden.		The economic data provided represent all economic activitie for each of the NACE-codes within 1 km from the coastline. For NACE- code 3230 PRODCOM (Prodcom provides statistics on the production of manufactured goods) is used to identify goods that are defined as marine. For NACE-cod 7721 microdata from the SCB Company Database (FDB) is used to identify workplaces and associated companies that are marine.		For NACE-cod 5229 microdata from the SCB Company Database (FDB) is used to identify workplaces and associated companies that are marine.
Employment (direct *1000 FTE)	20.0	461.0		2134.0	808.0	497.0	10278.0		4078.0	4585.0
Production value (€ million)	4.0	60.0		547.0	221.0	96.0	1540.0		1634.0	2285.0
Value added (€ million)	1.0	29.0		181.0	82.0	33.0	526.0		449.0	415.0
Related pressures	Eutrophication Input or spread of non-indigenous species	Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter) Physical disturbance to seabed				Hydrographical changes Physical loss of the seabed	Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter) Input of other substances (e.g. synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) - diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition, acute events Physical loss of the seabed		Hydrographical changes Physical loss of the seabed	Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous) Input of other substances (e.g. synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) - diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition, acute events Input or spread of non-indigenous species
Related indicators
Related ecosystem services	Algal seafood from aquaculture Animals from in-situ aquaculture Bio-remediation by micro-organisms, algae, plants, and animals Chemical condition of salt waters Disease control Educational Filtration/sequestration/storage/accumulation by micro-organisms, algae, plants, and animals Genetic materials from all biota Maintaining Nursery Populations and Habitats Pest control Scientific Wild plants, algae and their outputs	Bio-remediation by micro-organisms, algae, plants, and animals Chemical condition of salt waters Disease control Educational Filtration/sequestration/storage/accumulation by ecosystems Filtration/sequestration/storage/accumulation by micro-organisms, algae, plants, and animals Genetic materials from all biota Heritage, cultural Maintaining Nursery Populations and Habitats Pest control Scientific Wild animals and their outputs Wild plants, algae and their outputs				All ecosystem services related to mediation of flows Bio-remediation by micro-organisms, algae, plants, and animals Educational Filtration/sequestration/storage/accumulation by ecosystems Filtration/sequestration/storage/accumulation by micro-organisms, algae, plants, and animals Scientific	All ecosystem services related to mediation of waste, toxics and other nuisances All ecosystem services underpinning spiritual, symbolic and other interactions Chemical condition of salt waters Experiential use of plants, animals and land-/seascapes in different environmental settings Fibres and other materials from plants, algae and animals for direct use or processing Global climate regulation by reduction of greenhouse gas concentrations Heritage, cultural Maintaining Nursery Populations and Habitats Physical use of land-/seascapes in different environmental settings Wild animals and their outputs Wild plants, algae and their outputs		Buffering and attenuation of mass flows Flood protection Global climate regulation by reduction of greenhouse gas concentrations Heritage, cultural Mass stabilisation and control of erosion rates	Flood protection Global climate regulation by reduction of greenhouse gas concentrations Heritage, cultural Mass stabilisation and control of erosion rates
Cost of degradation: description			The ecosystem services analysis uses The Swedish ecosystem service classification which is based on Millenium Ecosystem Assemnet (2004) classification, adapted for the national marine waters of Sweden. The same classification were used in Sweden´s previous initial assessment (2012) and for the economic analysis in the program of measures (2016). The results of the analysis showed that many of the ecosystem services that fishing is dependent upon is less than good: S2 Primary production, S4 Biodiversity, R3 Eutrophication, R4 Biological status is assed to moderate and status for P1 Food, S5 Habitat, S3 Food is assed to bad. Hence, the flow of ecosystem services that fisheries are dependent on is limited compared to a scenario with god environmental status in the Swedish marine area.					The ecosystem services analysis uses The Swedish ecosystem service classification which is based on Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2004) classification, adapted for the national marine waters of Sweden. The same classification were used in Sweden´s previous initial assessment (2012) and for the economic analysis in the program of measures (2016). The results of the analysis showed that many of the ecosystem services that marine tourism is dependent upon is less than good: S1 Recreation, S2 Aesthetic Value , S4 Cultural heritage, S6 Natural heritage is assed to moderate. Therefore, there is a constraint for the marine tourism sector given by today statues of ecosystem services, assuming that their status will be good in a scenario with god environmental statues.
Cost of degradation: approach			Ecosystem services					Ecosystem services
Cost of degradation: type			Transaction costs					Transaction costs
Cost of degradation: results			Cost of degradation for fisheries: 76 million euro per year in landing value The cost of limited flow of ecosystem services is assed using results from an Bio-economic model of European fleets presented in En rättvis fiskeuppgörelse för Sverige – Hur det svenska fisket kan förvaltas i allmänhetens intresse ( New Economics Foundation (2017). The results presented showed the value of fisheries in a scenario with good environmental status. For Swedish fisheries the landings would increase with 150 000 ton per year resulting in an increase in landing value of 130 million euro per year compared to 2014. The assessment is based on the assumption that the increase in landings have the same proportions between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea as it has been for the last five years ( 2011-2016).					Cost of degradation marine tourism sector: loss in producer surplus 129 million euro per year. There is a cost of degradation for the marine tourism sector because of today’s statues of ecosystem services. This cost is analysed comparing the producer surplus of the sector with current statues of ecosystem services statues today, with a scenario with good environmental status. The analysis is based on assumptions from a study from Boston Consulting Group (2013) about the growth in the marine tourism sector in a scenario with good environmental status.The result are based on the assumption that the economic value will increase by the same proportion in the North Sea and the Baltic Sea.
Related indicators