National overview: Latvia
Table of contents
- Who is responsible for MSFD implementation?
- Where is the MSFD implemented?
- Areas for MSFD reporting
- Regional cooperation
- Uses and human activities and their pressures on marine environment
- Pressures affecting environmental status
- Current environmental status and extent to which GES is achieved (as reported in 2018)
- Environmental targets to achieve GES
- Measures to meet environmental targets and to achieve GES
- Exceptions reported when targets or GES cannot be achieved
- Assessments of progress in MSFD implementation (Art. 12, 16) / 2012
- Assessments of progress in MSFD implementation (Art. 12, 16) / 2018
- Reporting history and performance
Who is responsible for MSFD implementation?
MSFD Article | Art. 7 Competent authorities |
Report date | 2013-04-30 |
Access reports | View all reports |
CA code (EU, national) |
LVMSCA1 |
LVMSCA2 |
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Acronym, Name (national) |
VARAM: Ministry of Environmental protection and regional development (Vides aizsardzības un reģionālās attīstības ministrija; Reģistrācijas numurs: 90000028508) |
LHEI: Latvian Institute of Aquatic Ecology (Latvijas Hidroekoloģijas Institūts) |
Address |
Peldu iela 25, Riga/Rīga, Latvija, LV-1494 |
Daugavgrīvas iela 8, Rīga/Rīga, Latvija, LV-1048 |
URL |
www.varam.gov.lv |
www.lhei.lv |
Legal status |
Cabinet of Ministers 29.03.2011. Regulations No. 233 “Regulations of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Regional Development”. Causing law: Law of the Republic of Latvia “Law on the Structure of Public Administration”. The Ministry of Environmental Protection and Regional Development (hereinafter - the Ministry) is the leading public administration institution that develops policy in the following areas: 1.1. environment protection; 1.2. national development and regional development planning and coordination; 1.3. local government development and monitoring; 1.4. territorial development planning and land management; 1.5. introduction of the one-stop shop principle in the availability of state and local government services; 1.6. public investment; 1.7. e-government, information society and information technology in public administration. The Ministry is the highest authority for public administration institutions subordinate to the Ministry.
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Delegated public body “Latvian Institute of Hydroecology” (hereinafter - LHEI) is a state scientific institute subordinated to the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Regional Development (in accordance with Cabinet Regulation No. 233 of 29.03.2011 “Regulations of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Regional Development”), which studies fundamental and practical problems related to the environment and ecology of the Baltic Sea (http://www.lhei.lv/lv/index.php). LHEI Regulations (16.07.2007) http://www.lhei.lv/docs/2008/Nolikums.pdf, issued in accordance with Article 21.2 (3) of the Law on Scientific Activity.
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Responsibilities |
2. ensures the planning, evaluation, implementation, monitoring and control of European Union funds and financial instruments, the Climate Change Financial Instrument, environmental protection and environmental infrastructure projects financed by foreign and other financial instruments, as well as projects aimed at achieving climate policy objectives
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Monitoring the aquatic environment, biodiversity and resources, monitoring the marine environment, monitoring the transboundary transmission of marine waters and establishing monitoring methods
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Reference |
http://www.likumi.lv/doc.php?id=228051 |
http://www.likumi.lv/doc.php?id=143588 |
Membership |
The Latvian Hydroecology Institute (LHEI) is a national scientific institute of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Regional Development studying fundamental and practical problems related to the Baltic Sea environment and ecology http://www.lhei.lv/lv/index.php. According to the Marine Environment Protection and Management Act (28.10.2010), the LHEI is responsible for the development of the preliminary assessment of the state of the marine environment, the determination of good environmental status of the marine environment and the development of marine environmental objectives, as well as the development and coordination of the implementation of the monitoring programme. The LHEI shall ensure public access to information related to the development and implementation of the marine strategy, as well as public participation, shall submit to the European Environment Agency the information contained in the marine assessment and obtained during the implementation of the marine environment monitoring programme.
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Regional coordination |
The Republic of Latvia is a member of the Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission (Helsinki Commission, HELCOM): http://www.helcom.fi/. The Saeima ratified the Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area (Helsinki Convention) in 1994 (Law of 3 March 1994 “On the 1974 and 1992 Helsinki Conventions on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area”): http://www.likumi.lv/doc.php?id=58050). The Republic of Latvia is represented by HELCOM in the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Regional Development. In order to promote the development and implementation of a coherent and coordinated marine strategy throughout the Baltic Sea Region, the Law on the Protection and Management of the Marine Environment (28.10.2010) sets out the principles of regional cooperation.
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The Latvian Institute of Hydroecology participates in HELCOM working groups and projects to promote the development of harmonized and coordinated methods for assessing the state of the marine environment, setting marine objectives and related indicators, as well as the development and implementation of marine monitoring programs, thus promoting harmonized monitoring methods and monitoring. comparability of results throughout the Baltic Sea region in accordance with the requirements of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive 2008/56/EC.
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Where is the MSFD implemented?
MSFD Article | Art. 3(1) Marine waters |
Report date | 2018-06-21 |
Access reports | View all reports |
Member state marine waters |
Latvian marine waters are waters located in the seaward direction from the baseline, from which the breadth of territorial waters is measured and extends to the furthest point in the area in which Latvia has jurisdiction - the waters of the territorial and exclusive economic zone. The Latvian continental shelf is the surface and subsurface of the seabed in underwater areas, which is a natural continuation of Latvia's land territory. Latvia's exclusive economic zone is the territory of the Baltic Sea, which is located immediately beyond the borders of Latvia's territorial sea. The borders of Latvia's territorial waters and exclusive economic zone with the Republic of Estonia and the Kingdom of Sweden comply with the international agreements concluded by Latvia with the Republic of Estonia and the Kingdom of Sweden. Latvia does not have an agreement on the sea border with the Republic of Lithuania.
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Areas for MSFD reporting
MSFD Article | Art. 4/2017 Decision: Marine regions, subregions, and subdivisions |
Report date | 2018-06-21 |
Access reports | View all reports |
Region / subregion description |
Latvia's sea waters form part of the Baltic Sea in two sub-regions - the Central Baltic (Baltic Proper) and the Gulf of Riga.
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Subdivisions |
No subdivisions
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MRUs description (AreaType) |
Reporting in relation to the requirements of Articles 8, 9 and 10 in Latvia is performed on the basis of the classification of surface water bodies in accordance with Cabinet Regulation No. 858 on the characterization, classification, quality criteria and procedure for determination of anthropogenic loads of surface water body types. There are 5 types of marine waters that have been identified for the implementation of the requirements of the Water Framework Directive: the transition waters of the Gulf of Riga, the rocky coast of the Gulf of Riga, the sandy coast of the Gulf of Riga, the open sandy coast of the Baltic Sea and the open rocky coast of the Baltic Sea. In addition, by agreement within HELCOM, the waters of the open part of the Baltic Sea and the open part of the Gulf of Riga are allocated to Latvia because they differ in both physical (salinity, depth, water exchange, oxygen regime) and biological (species composition) factors. The classification is already used in HELCOM assessments.
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MRUs |
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Regional cooperation
MSFD Article | Art. 5(2) and Art. 6 Regional cooperation |
Report date | 2018-06-21 |
Access reports | View all reports |
Region/ subregion |
BAL |
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Art. 8 countries involved |
DE, EE, FI, PL, DK, SE, LT |
Art. 8 nature of coordination |
The Art 8a,b. regional cooperation was carried out in cooperation with practically all HELCOM Member States in the framework of HELCOM. Information from previous HELCOM evaluations and the parameters used (indicators) were used to prepare the initial assessment. The HELCOM harmonised allocation of assessment units (landfills) was also used. Art 8c (1) National ESA approaches developed according to EC WG-ESA information and guidance document (2010). Compliance with the guidelines shall ensure the international coherence of the overall national approaches of ESA. (2) From January to May 2012, in the framework of the GES-REG project* (covering Finland, Sweden, Latvia, Estonia) an examination and comparative analysis of the results of the national reports of the project countries was carried out, as well as discussions with national representatives on the coherence of approaches and results. On the basis of these results, some improvements were made to the approaches and results of the national âinitial assessmentâ of ESAs. Improvements have been included in the final version of the national report (as of July 2012). * INTERREG IV A Central Baltic Programme project 2007-2013 "GES-REG: Good environmental status through regional coordination and capacity building' (2011-2013). (3) Harmonisation of national approaches is continued under the GES-REG project, as well as participation in the work of the European WG-ESA.
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Art. 8 regional coherence |
Partial |
Art. 8 regional coherence problems |
Art 8a,b. Not all of the characteristics laid down in the Directive are available at that time. However, the Baltic Sea covers a wide geographical area with large differences. It is therefore not always possible to reach a common denominator for certain species or habitats that are not common to all Member States. Art 8c (1) At the time when national ESA approaches were developed (about June 2011), results from other countries were not yet available, in some neighbouring countries work on ESA had not even started. The coherence of the approaches was therefore largely ensured on the basis of information from the European WG-ESA. However, the WG-ESA guidelines contain a number of possible approaches for each ESA theme and there are differences between the countries used from the recommended approaches. (2) The choice of approaches is largely determined by the information available to carry out the analysis. Differences in ESAâs required information base in different countries limit the possibility of using the same approaches. (3) From the completion of the analysis in the Member States and the availability of more detailed information on approaches and results (in the GES-REG project region â February-March 2012), the time to finalisation of the reports was too short to achieve a more complete coherence of approaches. However, the exchange of experiences and discussions (in the framework of the GES-REG project) made it possible to improve coherence on specific methodological aspects/issues.
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Art. 9 countries involved |
DE, EE, FI, PL, DK, SE, LT |
Art. 9 nature of coordination |
The definition of GES was discussed at HELCOM meetings, which allowed the different countries to take stock of the experiences of other countries and to coordinate their approach as far as possible.
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Art. 9 regional coherence |
Partial |
Art. 9 regional coherence problems |
Different timing and different approaches.
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Art. 10 countries involved |
DE, EE, FI, PL, DK, SE, LT |
Art. 10 nature of coordination |
Working groups to establish indicators and their numerical values were initiated within HECOM.
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Art. 10 regional coherence |
Partial |
Art. 10 regional coherence problems |
The task was too time-consuming to achieve a result within the time available.
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Uses and human activities and their pressures on marine environment
Title | Analysis of predominant pressures and impacts, including human activity (Art. 8(1)(b)) |
Access reports | View reports |
Pressures affecting environmental status
Title | Assessments of current environental status and pressures and impacts (Art. 8(1)(a)(b)) |
Access reports | View reports |
Current environmental status and extent to which GES is achieved (as reported in 2018)
Title | Assessments of current environental status and pressures and impacts (Art. 8(1)(a)(b)) |
Access reports | View reports |
Environmental targets to achieve GES
Title | Environmental targets (Art. 10) |
Access reports | View reports |
Measures to meet environmental targets and to achieve GES
Title | Programme of measures (Art. 13) |
Access reports | View reports |
Exceptions reported when targets or GES cannot be achieved
Title | Exceptions (Art. 14) |
Access reports | View reports |
Assessments of progress in MSFD implementation (Art. 12, 16) / 2012
Title | Implementation of marine strategies (Art. 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 18) |
First cycle | 2012-2017 |
Access reports | View Art12 (8-9-10) report |
Baltic Sea
Descriptor | Article 9 - GES Determination | Article 8 - Initial Assessment | Article 10 - Environmental Targets | |
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Pressure-based descriptors |
D2 - Non-indigenous species
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Partially adequate (2)
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Inadequate (1)
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Inadequate (1)
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D5 - Eutrophication
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Partially adequate (2)
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Partially adequate (2)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D7 - Hydrographical changes
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Not reported (0)
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Not reported (0)
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Not reported (0)
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D8 - Contaminants
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Not reported (0)
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Partially adequate (2)
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Not reported (0)
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D9 - Contaminants in seafood
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Partially adequate (2)
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Partially adequate (2)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D10 - Marine litter
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Not reported (0)
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Not reported (0)
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Not reported (0)
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D11 - Energy, incl. underwater noise
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Not reported (0)
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Not reported (0)
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Not reported (0)
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State-based descriptors |
D1 - Biodiversity – birds
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Inadequate (1)
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Partially adequate (2)
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Inadequate (1)
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D1 - Biodiversity – mammals
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Inadequate (1)
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Partially adequate (2)
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Inadequate (1)
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D1 - Biodiversity – reptiles
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Inadequate (1)
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Partially adequate (2)
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Inadequate (1)
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D1 - Biodiversity – fish
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Inadequate (1)
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Partially adequate (2)
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Inadequate (1)
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D1 - Biodiversity – cephalopods
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Inadequate (1)
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Partially adequate (2)
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Inadequate (1)
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D3 - Commercial fish and shellfish
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Partially adequate (2)
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Partially adequate (2)
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Partially adequate (2)
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D1 - Biodiversity – pelagic habitats
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Inadequate (1)
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Partially adequate (2)
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Inadequate (1)
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D6 - Sea-floor integrity/D1 Biodiversity - benthic habitats
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Inadequate (1)
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Inadequate/Partially adequate (1.5)
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Inadequate (1)
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D4 - Food webs/D1 Biodiversity - ecosystems
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Not reported (0)
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Partially adequate (2)
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Inadequate (1)
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Assessments of progress in MSFD implementation (Art. 12, 16) / 2018
Title | Implementation of marine strategies (Art. 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 18) |
Second cycle | 2018-2023 |
Access reports | View Art12 (8-9-10) report |
Baltic Sea
Descriptor | Article 9 - GES Determination | Article 8 - Initial Assessment | Article 10 - Environmental Targets | |
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Pressure-based descriptors |
D2 - Non-indigenous species
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Poor (2)
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Good (3)
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Poor (2)
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D5 - Eutrophication
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Poor (2)
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Good (3)
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Very poor (1)
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D7 - Hydrographical changes
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Very poor (1)
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Very poor (1)
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Very poor (1)
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D8 - Contaminants
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Poor (2)
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Poor (2)
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Poor (2)
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D9 - Contaminants in seafood
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Poor (2)
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Poor (2)
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Very poor (1)
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D10 - Marine litter
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Very poor (1)
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Poor (2)
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Very poor (1)
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D11 - Energy, incl. underwater noise
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Very poor (1)
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Not reported (0)
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Very poor (1)
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State-based descriptors |
D1 - Biodiversity – birds
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Poor (2)
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Poor (2)
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Very poor (1)
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D1 - Biodiversity – mammals
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Poor (2)
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Good (3)
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Very poor (1)
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D1 - Biodiversity – reptiles
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Not relevant (-)
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Not relevant (-)
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Not relevant (-)
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D1 - Biodiversity – fish
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Poor (2)
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Poor (2)
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Very poor (1)
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D1 - Biodiversity – cephalopods
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Not relevant (-)
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Not relevant (-)
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Not relevant (-)
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D3 - Commercial fish and shellfish
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Poor (2)
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Good (3)
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Poor (2)
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D1 - Biodiversity – pelagic habitats
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Very poor (1)
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Poor (2)
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Very poor (1)
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D6 - Sea-floor integrity/D1 Biodiversity - benthic habitats
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Very poor (1)
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Poor (2)
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Very poor (1)
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D4 - Food webs/D1 Biodiversity - ecosystems
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Poor (2)
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Very poor (1)
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Not reported (0)
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