Member State report / Art8 / 2018 / D1-B / Mediterranean

Report type Member State report to Commission
MSFD Article Art. 8 Initial assessment (and Art. 17 updates)
Report due 2018-10-15
GES Descriptor D1 Birds
Region/subregion Mediterranean
Reported by Member state
Member state
United Kingdom
Spain
France
Italy
Malta
Slovenia
Croatia
Greece
Cyprus
Member state report
Marine reporting units MRUs used
  • MWE-ES-SD-ESAL
  • MWE-ES-SD-LEV
  • MWE-FR-MS-MO
  • IT-AS-0001
  • IT-ISCMS-0001
  • IT-WMS-0001
  • MIC-MT-MS-01
  • MAD-SI-MRU-1
  • MAD-HR-MRU_1
Features Species
  • Pelagic-feeding birds (17)
  • Surface-feeding birds (51)
  • Pelagic-feeding birds (15)
  • Surface-feeding birds (60)
  • Benthic-feeding birds (65)
  • Pelagic-feeding birds (24)
  • Surface-feeding birds (24)
  • Pelagic-feeding birds (9)
  • Pelagic-feeding birds (2)
  • Surface-feeding birds (4)
  • Wading birds (4)
  • Pelagic-feeding birds (6)
  • Surface-feeding birds (18)
Element Calonectris diomedea
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
  • D1C1 (3)
  • D1C2 (3)
  • D1C3 (3)
  • D1C4 (3)
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
Element Calonectris diomedea borealis
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (2)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
Element Calonectris diomedea diomedea
  • D1C1 (2)
  • D1C2 (2)
  • D1C3 (4)
  • D1C4 (2)
  • D1C5 (2)
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (2)
Element Gavia arctica
  • D1C1 (3)
  • D1C2 (3)
  • D1C4 (3)
Element Gavia stellata
  • D1C1 (3)
  • D1C2 (3)
  • D1C4 (3)
Element Gelochelidon nilotica
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
Element Hydrobates pelagicus
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (2)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
  • D1C1 (2)
  • D1C2 (2)
  • D1C3 (2)
  • D1C4 (2)
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
Element Larus audouinii
  • D1C1 (2)
  • D1C2 (2)
  • D1C3 (4)
  • D1C4 (2)
  • D1C5 (2)
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
  • D1C1 (3)
  • D1C2 (3)
  • D1C3 (3)
  • D1C4 (3)
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (2)
Element Larus genei
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
Element Larus melanocephalus
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
Element Larus michahellis
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
Element Larus ridibundus
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
Element Melanitta fusca
  • D1C1 (2)
  • D1C2 (2)
  • D1C4 (2)
Element Melanitta nigra
  • D1C1 (3)
  • D1C2 (3)
  • D1C4 (3)
Element Mergus serrator
  • D1C1 (3)
  • D1C2 (3)
  • D1C4 (3)
Element Morus bassanus
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
Element Phalacrocorax aristotelis
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (2)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
  • D1C1 (2)
  • D1C2 (2)
  • D1C3 (2)
  • D1C4 (2)
  • None (1)
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (2)
Element Phalacrocorax carbo
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
  • D1C1 (1)
Element Podiceps nigricollis
  • D1C1 (3)
  • D1C2 (3)
  • D1C4 (3)
Element Puffinus mauretanicus
  • D1C1 (2)
  • D1C2 (2)
  • D1C3 (3)
  • D1C4 (2)
  • D1C5 (2)
Element Puffinus yelkouan
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
  • D1C1 (3)
  • D1C2 (3)
  • D1C3 (3)
  • D1C4 (3)
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (2)
Element Somateria mollissima
  • D1C1 (2)
  • D1C2 (2)
  • D1C4 (2)
Element Sterna albifrons
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
Element Sterna hirundo
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
Element Sterna sandvicensis
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
Element Sternula albifrons
  • D1C1 (1)
  • D1C2 (1)
  • D1C3 (1)
  • D1C4 (1)
  • D1C5 (1)
Element2
Element sources No. of elements per level
  • BARCON (0)
  • MS in (sub)region (0)
  • National (68)
  • Other (0)
  • BARCON (0)
  • MS in (sub)region (0)
  • National (75)
  • Other (0)
  • BARCON (0)
  • MS in (sub)region (52)
  • National (0)
  • Other (61)
  • BARCON (9)
  • MS in (sub)region (0)
  • National (0)
  • Other (0)
  • BARCON (0)
  • MS in (sub)region (0)
  • National (10)
  • Other (0)
  • BARCON (0)
  • MS in (sub)region (0)
  • National (24)
  • Other (0)
Criteria and parameters used (number of parameters) D1 Birds
Criteria and parameters used (number of parameters) D1C1 Mortality rate from incidental by-catch
  • Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F) (9)
  • Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F) (33)
  • Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F) (3)
  • Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F) (4)
Criteria and parameters used (number of parameters) D1C2 Population abundance (1.2, 1.2.1)
  • Abundance (11)
  • Other - Relative abundance within community (long term) (12)
  • Abundance (31)
  • Other - Abundance (breeding pairs) (2)
  • Other - Breeding pairs (1)
  • Other - Število gnezdečih parov (2)
  • Abundance (4)
Criteria and parameters used (number of parameters) D1C3 Population demographic characteristics (1.3, 1.3.1)
  • Other - Breeding success (9)
  • Other - breeding succes (2)
  • Survival rate (8)
  • Other - Annual breeding success (fledged juvs/pair) (2)
  • Survival rate (4)
Criteria and parameters used (number of parameters) D1C4 Population distributional range and pattern (1.1, 1.1.1, 1.1.2, 1.1.3)
  • Distribution (spatial) (2)
  • Other - Distribution of breeding colonies (13)
  • Distribution (range) (3)
  • Distribution (spatial) (4)
Criteria and parameters used (number of parameters) D1C5 Habitat for the species
  • Extent (4)
  • Habitat condition (4)
Threshold values % of parameters with values (no. of parameters)
58% (24)
0% (0)
22% (18)
0% (0)
100% (2)
0% (0)
Threshold value sources D1 Birds
Threshold value sources D1C1 Mortality rate from incidental by-catch
  • Other (9)
Threshold value sources D1C2 Population abundance (1.2, 1.2.1)
  • Other (7)
  • OSPAR (12)
  • Other (5)
  • National (1)
Threshold value sources D1C3 Population demographic characteristics (1.3, 1.3.1)
  • OSPAR (12)
  • Other (7)
  • Other (2)
Threshold value sources D1C4 Population distributional range and pattern (1.1, 1.1.1, 1.1.2, 1.1.3)
  • Other (13)
Threshold value sources D1C5 Habitat for the species
Value achieved upper % of parameters with values (no. of parameters)
26% (11)
100% (12)
55% (44)
33% (3)
100% (2)
29% (7)
Value achieved lower % of parameters with values (no. of parameters)
14% (6)
0% (0)
48% (38)
22% (2)
50% (1)
12% (3)
Value unit/Value unit other (count of use per criterion) D1 Birds
Value unit/Value unit other (count of use per criterion) D1C1 Mortality rate from incidental by-catch
  • birds/1000 hooks (DEMERSAL longline) (1)
  • birds/1000 hooks (longline) (7)
  • fragmentary information (several sources) (1)
Value unit/Value unit other (count of use per criterion) D1C2 Population abundance (1.2, 1.2.1)
  • (number of) individuals (2)
  • Breeding pairs (9)
  • percentage (12)
  • (number of) individuals (19)
  • Breeding Pairs (10)
  • Breeding pairs (3)
  • Število gnezdečih parov (2)
  • Number of nesting pairs (4)
Value unit/Value unit other (count of use per criterion) D1C3 Population demographic characteristics (1.3, 1.3.1)
  • SURVIVAL RATE (6)
  • fledged chicks per pair (11)
  • survival rate (2)
  • Breeding success (1)
  • Breeding success (Chicks per pair) (1)
  • Individuals (3)
Value unit/Value unit other (count of use per criterion) D1C4 Population distributional range and pattern (1.1, 1.1.1, 1.1.2, 1.1.3)
  • Number of breeding colonies (10)
  • Number of monitored breeding colonies (3)
  • square kilometre (4)
Value unit/Value unit other (count of use per criterion) D1C5 Habitat for the species
  • square kilometre (2)
Proportion threshold values Range of % values (no. of parameters)
Range: 100-100% (12 of 12 parameters)
Range: 100-100% (42 of 79 parameters)
Range: 100-100% (9 of 9 parameters)
Range: 100-100% (1 of 2 parameters)
Range: 100-100% (7 of 24 parameters)
Proportion values achieved Range of % values (no. of parameters)
Range: -1-20% (3 of 79 parameters)
Range: 100-100% (1 of 2 parameters)
Range: 100-100% (7 of 24 parameters)
Proportion threshold value units
% of population achieving threshold value
% of population achieving threshold value
% of samples achieving threshold value
% area of MRU achieving threshold value
% of population achieving threshold value
Trends No. of trends per category
  • Deteriorating (6 or 14.6%)
  • Improving (0 or 0.0%)
  • Stable (11 or 26.8%)
  • Unknown (24 or 58.5%)
  • Deteriorating (0 or 0.0%)
  • Improving (0 or 0.0%)
  • Stable (0 or 0.0%)
  • Unknown (12 or 100.0%)
  • Deteriorating (1 or 1.3%)
  • Improving (5 or 6.3%)
  • Stable (10 or 12.7%)
  • Unknown (63 or 79.7%)
  • Deteriorating (0 or 0.0%)
  • Improving (0 or 0.0%)
  • Stable (8 or 88.9%)
  • Unknown (1 or 11.1%)
  • Deteriorating (0 or 0.0%)
  • Improving (2 or 100.0%)
  • Stable (0 or 0.0%)
  • Unknown (0 or 0.0%)
  • Deteriorating (0 or 0.0%)
  • Improving (0 or 0.0%)
  • Stable (6 or 25.0%)
  • Unknown (18 or 75.0%)
Parameters achieved No. of parameters per category
  • No (13 or 31.7%)
  • Not assessed (0 or 0.0%)
  • Unknown (20 or 48.8%)
  • Yes (8 or 19.5%)
  • Yes, based on low risk (0 or 0.0%)
  • No (1 or 8.3%)
  • Not assessed (0 or 0.0%)
  • Unknown (0 or 0.0%)
  • Yes (11 or 91.7%)
  • Yes, based on low risk (0 or 0.0%)
  • No (1 or 1.3%)
  • Not assessed (64 or 81.0%)
  • Unknown (0 or 0.0%)
  • Yes (14 or 17.7%)
  • Yes, based on low risk (0 or 0.0%)
  • No (1 or 11.1%)
  • Not assessed (0 or 0.0%)
  • Unknown (0 or 0.0%)
  • Yes (5 or 55.6%)
  • Yes, based on low risk (3 or 33.3%)
  • No (0 or 0.0%)
  • Not assessed (0 or 0.0%)
  • Unknown (0 or 0.0%)
  • Yes (2 or 100.0%)
  • Yes, based on low risk (0 or 0.0%)
  • No (0 or 0.0%)
  • Not assessed (11 or 45.8%)
  • Unknown (6 or 25.0%)
  • Yes (7 or 29.2%)
  • Yes, based on low risk (0 or 0.0%)
Related indicators
  • SB_ABU_BP
  • SB_BYC
  • SB_DEM_FCPP
  • SB_DEM_SR
  • SB_SBU_BP
  • OSPAR/FR-D1Birds-B1
  • IT-MSFD-2018-D1-SEABIRD
  • National
  • CI 4
Criteria status No. of criteria per category
  • Good (4 or 5.9%)
  • Good, based on low risk (0 or 0.0%)
  • Not assessed (28 or 41.2%)
  • Not good (8 or 11.8%)
  • Unknown (28 or 41.2%)
  • Good (0 or 0.0%)
  • Good, based on low risk (0 or 0.0%)
  • Not assessed (63 or 84.0%)
  • Not good (0 or 0.0%)
  • Unknown (12 or 16.0%)
  • Good (14 or 12.4%)
  • Good, based on low risk (1 or 0.9%)
  • Not assessed (98 or 86.7%)
  • Not good (0 or 0.0%)
  • Unknown (0 or 0.0%)
  • Good (5 or 55.6%)
  • Good, based on low risk (3 or 33.3%)
  • Not assessed (1 or 11.1%)
  • Not good (0 or 0.0%)
  • Unknown (0 or 0.0%)
  • Good (2 or 22.2%)
  • Good, based on low risk (0 or 0.0%)
  • Not assessed (7 or 77.8%)
  • Not good (0 or 0.0%)
  • Unknown (0 or 0.0%)
  • Good (7 or 29.2%)
  • Good, based on low risk (0 or 0.0%)
  • Not assessed (13 or 54.2%)
  • Not good (3 or 12.5%)
  • Unknown (1 or 4.2%)
Element status No. of elements per category
  • Good (15 or 22.1%)
  • Not assessed (6 or 8.8%)
  • Not good (12 or 17.6%)
  • Unknown (35 or 51.5%)
  • Good (0 or 0.0%)
  • Not assessed (0 or 0.0%)
  • Not good (0 or 0.0%)
  • Unknown (75 or 100.0%)
  • Good (0 or 0.0%)
  • Not assessed (79 or 69.9%)
  • Not good (0 or 0.0%)
  • Unknown (34 or 30.1%)
  • Good (9 or 100.0%)
  • Not assessed (0 or 0.0%)
  • Not good (0 or 0.0%)
  • Unknown (0 or 0.0%)
  • Good (4 or 40.0%)
  • Not assessed (6 or 60.0%)
  • Not good (0 or 0.0%)
  • Unknown (0 or 0.0%)
  • Good (0 or 0.0%)
  • Not assessed (0 or 0.0%)
  • Not good (18 or 75.0%)
  • Unknown (6 or 25.0%)
Integration rule type for parameters
Not relevant (75 or 100.0%)
Not relevant (41 or 100.0%)
Integration rule description for parameters
When there is information from different colonies or sub-populations for the same species, within a marine demarcation, the representativeness of each enclave has been assessed when integrating, based on expert criteria. As a precaution, whenever an enclave considered as important for a certain species presents a negative BEA, a negative BEA is defined at marine demarcation level, even if in other enclaves the situation seems more favourable. However, if the enclave evaluated negatively is considered marginal and/or not very representative, the species can be evaluated with a positive BEA if it is defined as such in other enclaves. In cases of doubt, the evaluation of the OAB has been left in "amber" (i.e., as a precaution it is considered that the OAB is not reached, although the situation is not clearly unfavorable).
Integration rule type for criteria
OTH (75 or 100.0%)
Integration rule description for criteria
As indicated above, little weight is given to the species groups, as the proposed classification does not seem to be adequate to define the species in the Spanish sea basin districts. It is also not considered appropriate for integration at the level of all seabirds, as evaluation elements deserve specific attention, whether or not they are considered to be the whole bird community in BEB.
As regards the integration of the different criteria in order to provide a joint assessment of BBE by species, the ICES recommendations have been followed (ICES 2018 (a)), with the amendments recently incorporated by the JWGBIRD (ICES 2018b). In a nutshell, any species that do not comply with the BBE for a primary criterion would be considered not to comply with the BEA at the level of the Demarcación Marina. In this regard, criterion D1C3 on C1D2 has been given priority in this case, for the reasons set out above.
The integration rule is being developed in the framework of the Joint OSPAR/HELCOM/ICES Working Group on Seabirds.
GES extent threshold
GES extent achieved
GES extent unit
  • Proportion of species in good status within species group (9 of 9, or 100.0%)
GES achieved Benthic-feeding birds
  • GES expected to be achieved later than 2020, no Article 14 exception reported (65)
GES achieved Pelagic-feeding birds
  • Unknown (17)
  • Unknown (15)
  • GES expected to be achieved later than 2020, no Article 14 exception reported (24)
  • GES achieved (9)
  • Not assessed (2)
  • GES expected to be achieved by 2020 (6)
GES achieved Surface-feeding birds
  • Unknown (51)
  • Unknown (60)
  • GES expected to be achieved later than 2020, no Article 14 exception reported (24)
  • Not assessed (4)
  • GES expected to be achieved later than 2020, no Article 14 exception reported (18)
GES achieved Wading birds
  • Not assessed (4)
Assessment period
2012-2018 (68 or 100.0%)
2010-2016 (75 or 100.0%)
2012-2017 (113 or 100.0%)
2012-2018 (9 or 100.0%)
2012-2017 (10 or 100.0%)
2013-2018 (24 or 100.0%)
Related pressures
  • Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence (68 or 50.0%)
  • Input or spread of non-indigenous species (68 or 50.0%)
  • Acute pollution events (113 or 16.7%)
  • Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence (113 or 16.7%)
  • Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) (113 or 16.7%)
  • Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter) (113 or 16.7%)
  • Input of other forms of energy (including electromagnetic fields, light and heat) (113 or 16.7%)
  • Input or spread of non-indigenous species (113 or 16.7%)
  • All pressures related to inputs of substances, litter and energy (9 or 25.0%)
  • Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence (9 or 25.0%)
  • Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities) (9 or 25.0%)
  • Input or spread of non-indigenous species (9 or 25.0%)
  • All pressures (10 or 100.0%)
  • All biological pressures (24 or 100.0%)
Related targets
40
1
2
1